英語語法知識

1. 初一英語語法知識

一、初一英語語法--詞法

1、名詞

A）、名詞的數

我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞，而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式，但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分，復數的構成如下：

一）在後面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas

二）x,sh,ch,s,tch後加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes

三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,ty-ties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories
2）以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways

四）以o結尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿,potatoes馬鈴薯

五）以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves

六）單復數相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese

七）一般只有復數，沒有單數的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks

八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數也可以是復數的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學,family家，家庭成員

九）合成的復數一般只加主要名詞，多數為後一個單詞。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers

十）有的單復數意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類,paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文,work工作works作品，工廠,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數,chicken雞肉chickens小雞

十一）單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或's。如：Is(I's),Ks(K's)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs

十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen
2、代詞

項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞

人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性

第一人稱單數Imemyminemyself

復數weusouroursourselves

第二人稱單數youyouyouryoursyourself

復數youyouyouryoursyourselves

第三人稱單數sheherherhersherself

hehimhishishimself

itititsitsthisthatitself

復數
3、動詞

A）第三人稱單數

當動詞是第三人稱單數時，動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s，如下：

一）一般在詞後加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains

二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch後加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes

三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries

2）以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys

四）以o結尾加es。如：does,goes

五）特殊的有：are-is,have-has

B）現在分詞

當我們說某人正在做什麼事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構成如下：

一）一般在後加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing

二）以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having

三）以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show-showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning

四）以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位於

4、形容詞的級

我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下：

一）一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter-shortest,taller-tallest,longer-longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest

二）以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewerfewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest

三）以輔音字母＋y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busier busiest,easy-easier easiest

四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠)

good/well-better bestmany/much-more mostbad/ill-worse worst

little-less leastold-older/elderoldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數詞(基變序，有規則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它後接th；y結尾，變為i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth
二、初一英語語法--句式

1.陳述句

肯定陳述句a)This is a book.(be動詞)

b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)

c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)

d)I can bring some things to school.(情態動詞)

e)There's a computer on my desk.(Therebe結構)

否定陳述句a)These aren't their books.b)They don't look nice.

c)Kate doesn't go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can't find her doll.

e)There isn't a cat here.(=There's no cat here.)

2.祈使句

肯定祈使句a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let's learn English!

c)Come in,please.

否定祈使句a)Don't be late.b)Don't hurry.
3.疑問句

1)一般疑問句a)Is Jim a student?b)Can I help you?c)Does she like salad?

d)Do they watch TV?e)Is she reading?

肯定回答:a)Yes,he is.b)Yes,you can.c)Yes,she does.d)Yes,they do.e)Yes,she is.

否定回答:a)No,he isn't.b)No,you can't.c)No,she doesn't.d)No,they don't.e)No,she isn't.

2)選擇疑問句Is the table big or small?回答It's big./It's small.

3)特殊疑問句

①問年齡How old is Lucy?She is twelve.

②問種類What kind of movies do you like?I like action movies and comedies.

③問身體狀況How is your uncle?He is well/fine.

④問方式How do/can you spell it?L-double O-K.

How do we contact you?My e-mail address is [email protected].

⑤問原因Why do you want to join the club?

⑥問時間What's the time?(=What time is it?)It's a quarter to ten a.m..

What time do you usually get up,Rick?At five o'clock.

When do you want to go?Let's go at 7:00.

⑦問地方Where's my back pack?It's under the table.

⑧問顏色What color are they?They are light blue.

What's your favourite color?It's black.

⑨問人物Who's that?It's my sister.

Who is the boy in blue?My brother.

Who isn't at school?Peter and Emma.

WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?

⑩問東西What's this/that (inEnglish)?It's a pencilcase.

What else can you see in the picture?I can see some broccoli,strawberries and hamburgers.

11問姓名What's your aunt's name?Her name is Helen./She's Helen.

What's your first name?My first name's Ben.

What's your family name?My family name's Smith.

12問哪一個Which do you like?I like one in the box.

13問字母What letter is it?It's bigD/small f.

14問價格How much are these pants?They're 15 dollars.

15問電話號碼What's your phone number?It's 576-8349.

16問謂語(動作)What's he doing?He's watching TV.

17問職業(身份)What do you do?I'm a teacher.

What's your father?He's a doctor.

2. 英語語法知識點不夠明白

不能來只看到the very就斷定填that
在where my grandpa lived這個定自語從句中live後面必須接一個地點狀語，否則句意不完整；
即「主語+不及物動詞+狀語」的主謂狀結構，因此此處缺的不是賓語而是狀語，that在定語從句中不能充當狀語，而where可以充當地點狀語。

3. 英語語法知識

Her job(她的工作) 是主語，is (是)系動詞謂語，looking after him(照顧他) 是動名詞作表語。如果look不加ing那就是動詞，動詞是不內可以作表語的，加了容ing，變成動名詞，相當於名詞的功能，就可以作表語了。

4. 初中所有英語語法知識點

你可以買一本初中語法書，這樣更全面。

5. 英語語法知識

這個問題很簡單。首先，face 是動詞，面臨面對的意思。其結構有兩種 sb face sth或 sb be faced with Sth 所以上面專一題也可以有兩種屬形式facing the crisis或faced with the crisis

6. 英語中的所有語法知識點

1.各類詞性來,如：冠詞、源名詞、數詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、連詞、動詞、助動詞、情態動詞等等；
2.句子的分類：簡單句；復合句,包括並列復合句和主從復合句,其中後者包括含有下列從句：名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）；定語從句（形容詞性從句）；狀語從句（副詞性從句）
3.句子的基本結構：主語+謂語；主語+謂語+賓語；主語+謂語+雙賓語；主語+謂語+復合賓語；主語+連系動詞+表語
4.句子的語氣：陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句
5.虛擬語氣
6.倒裝語序
7.省略
8.it的用法

7. 英語的語法知識

主句的主語抄是YOU 謂語動詞為Know 賓語是the number of people. 精確來說是number不是people
後面的of people是修飾number的，人的數量。
而後面的分詞短語coming to the party 在這里是分詞做狀語，修飾前面的人，people。
當分詞做狀語的時候，要看跟邏輯主語的關系，如果是主動關系，用現在分詞。如果是被動關系，用過去分詞。
come to the party的邏輯主語是People， 是主動關系。所有用現在分詞coming.