㈠ 外研社九年級英語上冊主要講了什麼語法知識點
外研社九年級英語上冊語法知識點:
1. What are you up to? 你在做什麼?
2. Would you like a hand …? 你想要幫忙嗎?
3. have a look at … 看一看…
4. in the centre of …. 在…的中央
5. on our way back from… 在我們從…回來的路上
6. I bet you do! 我打賭你會做到的。
7. only once + 句子 只有在…的條件下才行
Unit 2
1.take a helicopter tour
take/ go on a… tour 表示進行…旅途
goon a camel ride 騎駱駝旅遊
2. be surprised at sth. 對某事感到驚訝
Tom wassurprised at the result of the exam.
be surprised todo sth. 對做某事感到驚訝
Tom wassurprised to hear the news.
3. at different times of the day 在每天的不同時刻
4. in many ways 在很多方面
They are likeus in many ways.
in differentways 用不同的方法
I can work out this math problem indifferent ways.
ina way 在某種程度上來說
Ina way,that can be compared with the introction of the Internet in the 20thcentury.
by theway 順便說一下
5. be similar to 與…相似
Hisanswer is similar to mine.
6. have a good/bad temper
有好/壞脾氣
Miss Li is very kind. She has a good temper.
7. keep doing sth. 不斷做某事
It keepsraining these days.
Mole8 Unit 1
1. at the back/front 在後面/前面
on the left/right 在左邊/右邊
2. over 越過
climb over the wall 爬過這道牆
see over the people 越過人群看
3. enter the competition
=take part in the competition 參加比賽
4. You bet! (口語)當然!
5. get sb. doing sth.
= make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
How did you get thecamera working?
= How did you makethe camera work?
6. How did you get on? 你進展怎樣?
get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽
get on well with sth. 某事進展順利
He gets on well with his classmates.
Mary didn』t get on well with her work.
7. be in with a chance to dosth.
= have a chance to do sth. 有機會去做某事
8. have gone = bemissing
= be lost = get lost 不見了，失蹤了
My watch has gone.
=My watch is missing.
= My watch is/gets lost.
9. You are kidding! 你在開玩笑吧!
10. expect to do sth. 期待，料到去做某事
11. pick up sth. 撿起某物
pick up sb. 接人
My father picks me up everyday.
Unit 2
1. be pleased with sb./sth.
對某人/某物感到滿意
2. even though + 句子
= even if + 句子
即使…(對虛擬的情況進行讓步)
I won』t go to the party even though/ifI have time.
即使我有時間我也不會去參加聚會的。
though = although
雖然…(對現實的情況進行讓步)
I didn』t go to the party though/although Ihad time.
雖然我有時間，但是我沒有去參加聚會。
3.read on 繼續讀
動詞+on 表示繼續做某事
4.know … well 對…熟悉
5. manage to do sth. 設法去做某事
We managed to get what we wanted.
我們設法得到了我們想要的東西。
6. a collection of 一組…
7. work on sth. 從事…
8. Congratulations tosb. 祝賀某人
9. present the prize 頒獎
give prizes to sb. 給某人頒獎
which, who 引導的定語從句
Mole9 Unit 1
1. Oh dear! 天啊!
2. It』s no laughingmatter.
這不是什麼可笑的事情。
3. over there 在那邊
4. have a word with sb. 和某人說句話
5. That』s good news. 這是個好消息。
news是不可數名詞，前面不能加a
可以加量詞 a piece of news
two pieces of news
6. Here you are. 給你。
7. be in deep trouble 有大麻煩
Unit 2
1. orange-and-white 黃白相間的
black-and-white 黑白的
2. win the heard of … 贏得…的心
3. a group of 一群…
4. He eats as many peachesas he likes.
他喜歡吃多少桃子就吃多少。
as … as possible 盡可能…
as early as possible 盡早
5. make a mess 弄得一團糟
6. ever since + 句子 自從…
7. translate … into … 把…翻譯成…
8. have sth. done (bysb.)
把某物讓別人…了
We hadthe machine mended.
我們把機器讓人修好了。
He hashad his hair cut.
他把頭發請人給他剪了。
9.選擇疑問句：
在一般疑問句後加or …構成選擇疑問句。
選擇疑問句不能回答Yes或No，要選擇其中一個進行回答。如：
--Are you in Class 1 or Class 2?
--I』m in Class 1.
/I』m in Class 2.
/Neither, I』m in Class 5.
10. 在定從中，當先行詞是人和事物時，關系代詞只能用that。如：
I often think of thepersons and things that I saw in the journey.
我經常想起在旅途中遇見的人和事物。
定從中只能用that的情況
1. 當先行詞是everything, anything,nothing, something, all, none, few, little, 等代詞時，只能用that。如：
Have you taken down everythingthat Mr. Li said?
你記下李老師講的一切了嗎?
All that can be done hasbeen done.
所有能做的都做好了。
2. 當先行詞被序數詞和形容詞最高級修飾的時候，只能用that。如：
The first place that theyvisited in London was the Big Ben.
他們在倫敦參觀的第一個地方是大本鍾。
This is the best film thatI have ever seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影。
3. 當主句有who, which等疑問詞時，定從只能用that引導。如：
Who is the man thatis standing over there?
站在那邊的人是誰?
Which is the T-Shirt thatyou bought?
你買的T恤是哪一件?
4. 當先行詞是人和事物時，關系代詞只能用that。如：
I often think of the persons and things thatI saw in the journey.
我經常想起在旅途中遇見的人和事物。
Mole 10Unit 1
1. a bit + 形容詞= a little 形容詞
表示「有點…」
I』m a bit tired. =I』m a little tired.
我有點累了。
a little + 不可數名詞
a bit of + 不可數名詞
There is a littletime left.
= There is a bit oftime left.
還剩下一點時間。
2. give up 放棄
give up doingsth. 放棄做某事
My father gaveup smoking 2 years ago.
我爸爸2年前戒煙了。
3. stay fit = keep fit 保持健康
4.need to do sth. 需要做某事
5. take exercise 做運動
exercise 表示「鍛煉」時是不可數名詞，
表示練習時，是可數名詞
doing morning exercise 做晨練
do eye exercise 做眼操
These maths exercises arevery difficult.
這些數學習題很難。
6. go running 去跑步
go swimming 去游泳
go sightseeing 去觀光
7. talk to sb. 跟某人說話
talk with sb. 跟某人交談
8. nearly adv. 幾乎，差不多
Nearly 300 students entered thecompetition.
差不多300個學生參加了比賽。
The car nearly hitthe man.
車差點撞到那個男子。
9. not … any more 不再…
10. bump into sb. 碰見
I bumped into an old friendyesterday.
昨天我碰見一個老朋友。
Unit 2
1. know about 了解
2. include v.包括
including 介詞. 可以做伴隨狀語
Your ties includedoing the cleaning and cooking.
你的職責包括做清潔和做飯。
Manypeople like pop music including my grandpa.
很多人都喜歡流行音樂，包括我爺爺。
3.persuade sb. (not) to do sth.
說服某人做(不要做)某事
My father persuadedme not to join the club. 爸爸勸說我不要參加那個俱樂部。
4.ban … from … 禁止…進入…
ban … fromdoing sth. 禁止…做某事
Mobile phonesmust be banned from schools. 應該禁止帶手機進入學校。
The policemanbanned him from driving.
警察禁止他開車。
5. a TV programme showed his visits to theschool. 一個電視節目播放了他的這次學校之行。
(這里visit是名詞，後面的to the school是定語)
6. get/have sth. done 把某物給…了
get things done 把事情做了。
I』ll have/get my computerrepaired.
我要把電腦給修了。
7. put on weight 增加體重
loseweight 減肥
8. in order todo sth. 為了…
What do yousometimes have to do in order to get fit?
有時候你不得不做什麼來健身呢?
whose引導的定從
當先行詞與從句中某個名詞有所屬關系時，就用whose引導定從。如：
There is a boy in our team.
The boy』s parents want him to go to a
sports school.
--- There is a boy in our team whoseparents want him to go to a sports school.
通常包含whose引導的定從的句子可以
譯成兩句漢語。如以上句子可以譯成：
在我們隊里有個男孩，他的父母想讓他參加體校。
先行詞是人是物都可以用whose引導，如：
1)He is the only student in our class
whose father is a policeman.
他是我們班唯一一個爸爸是警察的學生。
2)The desk whose leg is broken will
be repaired.
那張斷了只腳的桌子將被拿去修理。
Mole 11
數字的寫法和讀法
1.1—10
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten
2. 11—20
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen
nineteen twenty
3. 幾十
twenty thirty forty fifty
sixty seventy eighty ninety
注意：four要去掉u再加ty; nine直接加ty
只有變為序數詞時nine要去e加th.
4. 幾十幾
注意：十位數和十位數之間要加連字元
twenty-six ninety-seven
5. 百位數和十位數之間可以加and也可以不加。當十位數為零時，一定要加and
156 one hundred (and) fifty-six
509 five hundred and nine
6. 英語里每三個數為一個單位，用一個逗號隔開。第一個逗號為thousand(千);第二個逗號為million(百萬);第三個逗號為billion(十億)。如：
7. 表示具體數字時，hundred,thousand million,billion不能加s;表達一個大概的數字時，可以加s fivethousand students 五千個學生 thousandsof students 好幾千個學生
8. 序數詞的構成;在基數詞後加th
特殊變化的序數詞： first second third fifth eighth ninth twelfth twentieth
9. 整十的數字把y改為ie再加th twentieth fiftieth
10. 幾十幾的數字只用把個位數變成序數詞 twenty-first sixty-fourth
11.分數的表達：
分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞。
當分子大於1時，分母要復數。
1/3 one third
1/2 a half
1/4 one fourth = a quarter
3/10 threetenths
Mole11 Unit 1
1. What』s the population of…?
某地的人口有多少?
Thepopulation is big/large.
人口多。
(注意：形容人口多不能用many來修飾population;people才能用many來修飾)
2. along with = togetherwith
連同，與…在一起
Tintinhas been to many places along with his dog.
3. look up 查看，查(字典)
I』ll lookup the word in the dictionary.
4. comp up 出現，進行
He cameup at last.
最後他出現了。
Thesports meeting will come up next month.
下個月將進行運動會。
5. thanks to 多虧
Thanksto the policeman, the boy was found.
多虧了警察，孩子被找到了。
thanksto = because of 由於
Unit 2
1. over + 時間 表示「在…期間」
overthe last 50 years 在上個50年間
over the past 10 years 在過去的10年間
2. in the distance 在遠處
3. be close to … 靠近…
4. no + 單數名詞= not a +單數名詞
No + 復數名詞 = not any + 復數名詞
Thereis no student in the classroom.
= Thereisn』t a student in the classroom.
Thereare no clouds in the sky.
= Therearen』t any clouds in the sky.
5. room 作可數名詞時表示「房間」
作不可數名詞時表示「空間」
Thereare 3 rooms in my house.
我家有3間房。
Thereis little room for the desk.
沒有空間來放這張桌子了。
6. close down 關閉，倒閉
7. add to 增加
8. run 可以表示「經營，管理」
runa company 經營一個公司
run acity 管理一個城市
9. protect … from …
保護…不受…(的侵害)
protect people fromcrime
保護人民不受不法活動的侵害
Mole12 Unit 1
1. give a warm welcome to sb.
熱烈歡迎某人
welcome 既可以做動詞也可以做名詞
Let』s welcome Tomto our class.
2. be pleased/happy to do sth.
高興去做某事
3. as a pupil = when I was a pupil
當我是個學生的時候
4. my time here was very important.
我在這里的時間是非常重要的。
句中的here作定語，修飾time，要後置。
The people thereare very friendly.
那裡的人們很友善。
5. free adj. 自由的，有空的，免費的
The bird is free inthe sky.
鳥兒在天空很自由。
Are you free thisSunday?
這個星期天你有空嗎?
The food there is free.
那裡的食物是免費的。
6. each 表示「每個」
做形容詞時等於every，但each 強調「個體」，every 強調「整體」。如：
Each/Everystudent has an English book.
每個學生都有一本英語書。
(用every student 表達相當於 all the students )
each還可以作副詞，不能用every替代。如：
They earned 100dollars each.
他們每人賺了100美元。
7.watch sb. do sth. 觀看某人做某事
Unit 2
1. experience n. 經驗(u.n.)，經歷(c.n.)
experience v. 體驗
experienced adj. 有經驗的
He has much experiencein teaching.
他有豐富的教學經驗。
Please tell me your experiencesin Africa.
請告訴我你在非洲的經歷。
Have you ever experiencedpoorness?
你有沒有經歷過貧窮?
He is an experiencedteacher.
他是一個有經驗的教師。
2. up to + 數字 直到，至多
We can invite up to 20people.
我們可以邀請至多20個人。
3. progress 進展(不可數名詞)
makeprogress with/in sth.
在某方面取得進步
I』ve made progresswith/in English.
我的英語已經有了進步。
4. take place 發生, 進行(沒有被動語態)
The story took place on acold winter morning.
這個故事發生在一個寒冷的冬天的早上。
The training course will takeplace next week.
這個培訓課程下周開始。
5. choose to do sth. 選擇去做某事
6. a place of interest
名勝(在place這里變復數)
Howmany places of interest have you been to?
你去過多少個名勝了?
7. fill in 填寫
fill in the blanks 填空
fill in the form 填表
fill sth. with sth. 用…裝滿…
8. where 引導的定從
當先行詞在定從中做地點狀語時，用where來引導。where = 介詞+which。如：
Do you know the factory whereyour father works?
= Do you know the factory whichyour father works in?
你知道你爸爸工作的工廠嗎?
㈡ 外研社八年級英語下冊九模塊語法
狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。一般可分為九大類,分別表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類較多,但由於狀語從句與漢語結構和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它並不難。狀語從句的關鍵是要掌握引導不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點。 現分別列舉如下:
1、時間狀語從句
常用引導詞:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引導詞:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an alt.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果園) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
2、地點狀語從句
常用引導詞:where
特殊引導詞:wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3、原因狀語從句
常用引導詞:because, since, as, for
特殊引導詞:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, as much as, so much as
My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
4、目的狀語從句
常用引導詞:so that, in order that
特殊引導詞:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
5、結果狀語從句
常用引導詞:so that, so… that, such … that,
特殊引導詞:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn't sleep last night.
6、條件狀語從句
常用引導詞:if, unless,
特殊引導詞:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
We'll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
7、讓步狀語從句
常用引導詞:though, although, even if, even though
特殊引導詞: as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can't agree to his proposal.
盡管我很尊敬他, 我卻不同意他的建議。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won't listen whatever you may say.
8、比較狀語從句
常用引導詞:as(同級比較), than(不同程度的比較)
特殊引導詞:the more … the more … ; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之於人,猶如油之於機器。
9、方式狀語從句
常用引導詞:as, as if, how
特殊引導詞:the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
參考資料：http://bj.xdf.cn/publish/portal24/tab13076/info640841.htm
㈢ 八年級上英語語法、短語、句型、單詞等（外研版）
語法專項I
I. 名詞：在我們身邊存在著形形色色的人和事物，它們都有自己的稱呼，我們用來稱呼它們的詞就是名詞，概括來說表示人、事物、地方、現象等的名稱的詞都叫名詞。
一. 名詞的種類：名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞，普通名詞又分為個體名詞和集體名詞，物質名詞和抽象名詞。
1. 專有名詞：專有名詞是指人、地方、團體、機構等特有的名詞，它的第一個字母必須大寫，專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。
A. 表示人名：Li Bai，Mr Black，Doctor Zhang
B. 表示地名：China，London，Zhong Guan Cun Street.
C. 由普通名詞構成的專有名詞：the Spring Festival, the Palace Museum.
2. 普通名詞：普通名詞指一類人或東西或一個抽象的名標，它可以進一步分為個體名詞、集合名詞、物質名詞和抽象名詞四類。
A. 個體名詞：表示某類人或事物中的個體：student，teacher，car.
B. 集合名詞：表示若干個體組成的集合體；family，police，people.
C. 抽象名詞：表示動作、狀態、品質、感情等抽象的概念：music，love
D. 物質名詞：表示無法分為個體的物質或實物：water，tea，air
二. 名詞的數：表示可以計算數目的人或物稱為可數名詞，表示一個用單數，兩個以上用復數，可數名詞單數前面一般要用不定冠詞a / an，可數名詞復數是在單數名詞後面加「s」或「es」。可數名詞復數前不能用不定冠詞a / an。
1. 單數可數名詞，表示「一」的概念，要用名詞的單數形式，表示名詞的單數，要在名詞前加冠詞a或an。 eg：a book， a tree， a shark an octopus，an apple，an egg
2. 復數可數名詞：在夢塔英語中，如果要表示「二、三、四，……」概念時，要用名詞的復數形式，名詞的復數形式是在單數名詞後加上詞尾-s或-es構成的。
A. 名詞復數的規則變化。 a. 在一般情況下，詞尾後加-s。 books，cups，beds，boys，horses
b. 以s，x，sh，ch結尾的詞，詞尾加-es，讀|iz| buses，boxes，dishes，watches
c. 以f或fe結尾的詞，先將f或fe變成v，再加-es，讀|vz| half—halves，knife—knives
d. 以o結尾的詞，詞尾加-es或-s。 zoos，photos，radios，tomatoes，potatoes
e. 以輔音字母加y結尾的詞，先將y改為i再加-es。 cities，families，babies
B. 名詞復數的不規則變化。 man—men，tooth—teeth，child—children，sheep—sheep
C. 有些名詞只有復數形式 clothes，trousers，pants，glasses
3. 不可數名詞表示量的概念時，在這些詞前加上數量詞。 eg：a cup of coffee，a piece of paper，three slices of bread
II. 不定代詞，我們所學的不定代詞有all，both，each，every，some，any，many，much，（a）few，（a）little，either，neither，other，another，no，none以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代詞，這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞，在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。
一. some，any及其合成詞的用法。
1. 基本用法 some，any可與單、復數和不可數名詞連用。 some用於肯定句中，而不能用於疑問句中，any一般用於否定句，疑問句和條件句中。 eg：I have some interesting books. There is some yogurt in the bottle. I don't have any money. Were there any sharks in the aquarium?
2. 特殊用法 在疑問句中，一般不用some，只有當問句表示一種邀請或者請求，或期待一個肯定的回答時才能用some。 eg：Would you like some more tea？
二. all，both的用法 1. all代表或修飾四個以上的人或事物，或不可數的東西。 eg：We all like eat potato chips. All the students in our class went to the zoo. 2. both是指「兩者都……」 eg：The twins both have long hair. There are many trees on both sides of the street.
三. many，much，（a lot），a few，few，a little，little。這些詞都可以表示數量，並且都可以修飾名詞。 1. many，a lot，a few，few修飾可數名詞；much，a lot，a little，little修飾不可數名詞。 2. many，much，a lot，a few，a little表示肯定的意思：few，little表示否定的意思。 eg：How much relish do we need? There are a few minutes left, aren't there? There is a little time left, is there?
III. 形容詞的比較等級：夢塔英語中的形容詞，在表示「比較——」和「最——」這樣的概念時，要用特別的形式，稱為比較級和最高級。 原級 比較級 最高級 young（年輕） younger（比較年輕） youngest（最年輕）
一. 變化形式如下：
1. 規則變化 構成法 原級 比較級 最高級 一般單音節詞和部分雙音節詞在詞尾加-er〔 〕（比較級）和-est〔ist〕（最高級） 以不發音的e結尾的單音節詞和少數以le結尾的雙音節詞只在詞尾加-r（比較級）和-st（最高級） 「輔音字母+y」結尾的雙音節詞，將詞尾的y改為i，再加-er和-est 重讀閉音節詞，只有一個輔音字母結尾時，要雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er，-est 部分雙音節詞和多音節詞，在該詞前面加more和the most構成比較級和最高級 tall高的（adj.） great巨大的（adj.） fast快（adj.& adv.） near附近的（adj. & adv.） nice好的（adj.） large大的（adj.） able有能力的（adj.） late晚，晚的（adj. & adv.） easy容易的（adj.） busy忙的（adj.） early早（adj. & adv.） big大的（adj.） hot熱的（adj.） thin細的，瘦的（adj.） important重要的（adj.） beautiful漂亮的（adj.） slowly慢（adv.） quickly快（adv.） teller greater faster nearer nicer larger abler later easier busier earlier bigger hotter thinner more important more beautiful more slowly more quickly the tallest the greatest （the）fastest （the）nearest the nicest the largest the ablest （the）latest the easiest the busiest （the）earliest the biggest the hottest the thinnest the most important the most beautiful (the) most slowly (the) most quickly
2. 不規則變化 原級 比較級 最高級 good好的（adj.） well健康的（adj.） 好（adv.） bad壞的（adj.） ill有病的（adj.） badly壞（adv.） many多（adj. & adv.） much多（adj. & adv.） far遠（adj. & adv.） little少（adj. & adv.） old老的（adj.） late遲的，晚的（adj.） better['bet ]較好的（地） worse[w :s]更壞（地） 更差（地） more[m :]更多的，更加 farther['fa: ]較遠 further['f : ]進一步 less[les]較少的（地） older[' uld ]較老的 elder['eld ]年長的 later較遲的，較近的 latter['l t ]後者 (the) best[best]最好的（地） (the) worst[w :st]最壞（地） 最糟（地） (the) most[m ust]最多的（地） (the) farthest['fa: ist]最遠的（地） (the) furthest['f : ist]最深遠的（地） (the) least[li:st]最少的（地） the oldest[' uldist]最老的 the eldest['eldist]最年長的 the latest（時間上）最近的 the last（順序）最後的 比較： elder和eldest主要用於表示家庭成員之間的長幼關系，如：elder sister姐姐。 older和oldest則用於表示年齡大小。 They are in the same age, but Li looks much older than Ma. 他們兩個在年齡上一般大，但看起來李比馬老的多。 二. 形容詞比較等級的用法。 形容詞比較等級通常分為原形，比較級和最高級三種基本形式，具體而言，它們分別以下列形式出現在句中： （1）as +原形+ as 表示「……和……相同」。 （2）比較級+ than 表示「……比……較為……」。 （3）the +最高級+ of / in 表示「在……中最為……」。 eg：My dog is as old as that one. The jacket is as cheap as that old one. Is he as busy as before? Mary is funnier than Jane. His brother is younger than me. Tom is the happiest of us all. Spring is the best season of the year. 三. 需要注意的一些問題。 1. 在形容詞比較級前還可以用much，even，far，a lot，still，a little來修飾，表示「……的多」，「甚至……」，「仍然，還……」，「更……」，以加強語氣。 eg：Our city is much more beautiful than yours. Japan is a little larger than Germany.
2. 表示「大幾歲」，「高……」等，句型用「表示數量的詞+形容詞比較級。」 eg：I'm two years older than you. She is a head taller than me.
3. 表示「越來越……」，句型用「比較級+ and +比較級」。 eg：China is more and more beautiful. The earth is getting warmer and warmer.
4. 表示「是最……之一」句型用「one of the +形容詞最高級」。 eg：Beijing is one of the busiest cities in China. One of the most important languages is English.
㈣ 外研版初二英語上冊的所有語法的詳細講解
so+謂語+主語：…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to．．．請隨便吃點．．．
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree.
完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原則
既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原則
既．．．．又．．．both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來，似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於．．．而聞名be famous for….
9. 餐館就餐用語：a table for two/sit at the table by the window/here』s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?/That』s all.
10. 問路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3個路口往右拐＝take the third crossing on your right
12. 過橋go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的盡頭go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb』s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what』s the matter?=what』s wrong?=what』s the trouble?怎麼了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那裡.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+時間+to do sth. Sb做sth花費了…時間
20. 路途遙遠It』s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That』s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分鍾的步行/駕駛路程：five minutes』 walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb』s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那時
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像東京這樣的大城市
27. It』s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.（對sb來說）做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 條件狀語從句：從句一般現在時，主句一般將來時。如：If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 為…做准備get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不讓sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高興
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲憊的聲音/面帶微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 為了sth與sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 為…而抱怨,投訴
37. 生病用語：sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 頭痛，have a cough 咳嗽，have/catch a cold 感冒，have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃葯，每天3次
39. take sb』s temperature 量體溫，look over 醫生檢查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水，take more exercise 多鍛煉
41. sb醒來: sb wake up, //sb 醒著的：sb be awake
42. sb 睡著了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙著…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠葯，light music 輕音樂
46. again and again 再三地，一次又一次
47. dream about…夢見…; dream of… 夢想成為…
48. 系動詞+形容詞: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble製造麻煩，惹是生非，make a noise 製造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分鍾
51. instead/instead of…代替，取而代之，反而
52. write to sb. 寫信給sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足；stay happy 保持心情開朗
54. on time 准時；in time 按時
55. sb had better (not) do sth， sb 最好（別）做sth
56. land on …登陸
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上來
58. 不定代詞：something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we』re all by ourselves=we』re alone.單獨，獨自
60. feel a little afraid/don』t be afraid. 有點害怕/別害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也許，可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 遲早，早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顧，保管
67. 我自學英語learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 學會…
69. 記日記 keep a diary，寫日記 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 單獨留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入團/黨
72. 越來越…:比較級+and+比較級; more and more +多音節詞。如：bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比較級，the +比較級。 如：越大越好：the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 開/關（電器），turn up/down音量開大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整個故事,整件事情
76. 過了一會兒after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼臉
78. 名勝，景點interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大風；in the wind 在風里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒裝句（為了強調）There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 說完這些話，說著說著（伴隨狀語）。
85. I don』t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎樣使用它。
where to go. 我不知道該去哪裡。
what to do. 我不知道該做什麼。
86. wait for sb』s turn to do sth 等著輪到sb做sth
It』s sb』s turn to do sth. 輪到sb去做sth
被動：be+動詞過去分詞
eg：The trees are planted every year.
過去完成時:
過去完成時表示在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已經發生的動作或情況，一般用在描述過去的某個時點已經發生過的動作或情況的句子中,即：過去的過去。如:
When we got there, the football match had already started.
當我們趕到時，足球比賽已經開始了。
過去完成時由「主語+had+動詞過去分詞」構成。其肯定句，否定句和疑問句結構如下：
肯定句：主語+had+過去分詞+其他.
否定句：主語+had not+過去分詞+其他.
疑問句：Had+主語+過去分詞+其他?
He had worked for two years by then. 到那時他已經工作兩年了。
He hadn't worked for two years by then. 到那時他已經兩年不工作了。
Had he worked for two years by then? 到那時他已經工作兩年了嗎？
三、過去完成時的基本用法
1. 過去完成時表示在過去某一時間之前已完成的動作，表示對這一過去時間造成的結果或影響。常用以下幾種方式：
(1) 用by，before等構成的介詞短語。 eg:
Linda had learnt 10 English songs by the end of last month.
到上個月底，琳達已經學了10首英文歌曲。
John had repaired that machine before midnight.
在半夜之前約翰已經修好了那台機器。
(2) 用when, before, after等引導的時間狀語從句。如:
The train had started before we got to the station.
在我們到達車站之前，火車已經開了。
The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.
我到達機場時，飛機已經起飛了。
2. 過去完成時還可以表示過去某一時間以前發生開始的動作持續到
這一過去的時間。常與for, since引導的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。如:
I had worked in a hospital for three years before I came here.
我來這之前，在一家醫院已經工作三年了。
He told us that he had worked here since 10 years before.
他告訴我他自從十年前就一直在這兒工作了。
㈤ 七年級上冊英語外研版復習資料大綱（語法語法） 各孩子們幫個忙
一、保證課本內的單詞、句型、片語會背會默。
二、熟悉課文。【課文里有許多句型應用】
三、上冊的主要句型有：there be【注意將來時是there is going to be 或there will be。注意與have的區別，就近原則】
一般現在時【注意三單、頻率副詞的位置，有頻率副詞的否定和疑問句】
like的用法【like doing 】
五種提出邀請的方法：would you like to do/some sth. 、shall we、what about/how about、why not、let』s…shall we。
上網干什麼。go onlin 、piay games等
【注意名詞不能單獨存在】
四、積累片語。如：would you please do 、would please not do、you』d better do 、you』d better not do
五、各種詞
名詞不能單獨存在。形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾形容詞、動詞，各種介詞的用法，動詞注意時態、三單、有沒有情態動詞、like等，數詞注意序數詞：twelve變為twelfth、twenty變為twentith，
注意可數名詞和不可數名詞。