A. 高考英語虛擬語氣語法總結
虛擬語氣,對過去虛擬,從句用過去完成時
虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式,表示說話人的一種願望,假設,懷疑,猜測, 建議等含義,虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的話,我就會帶走他們。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰見了李華,我就告訴了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有時間,我會來幫助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建議說我們的班應該分成五個小組。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。
虛擬語氣的用法
1) 虛擬語氣用在簡單句中,表示祝願,命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝願你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝願我們的友情天長地久。
Have a good journey!
祝願你旅途愉快!
You go out!
你出去!
2) 虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中。動詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等詞後面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣, 賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種願望,要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一邊。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能幫助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。
動詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 後面的從句中,"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老師建議我們課後把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 後面的從句中的謂語動詞用: should + 動詞原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我們有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她這樣做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我們要照顧好病人。
4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中。
虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的主句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時,動詞有三種時態形式,即現在,過去和將來。
與現在事實相反的:
條件從句 結果從句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 動詞過去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 動詞原形。 He (you,they) would + 動詞原形。
與過去事實相反的:
條件從句 結果從句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 過去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。He (you,they) would + have + 過去分詞。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你,我就買了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有時間,我會學習法語的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英語的話,她不會找我幫忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一點起床,就會趕上火車的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天氣好,我就去買東西。
有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題:
1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略 if,而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青點, 她就會乾的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址,他會去看她的。
2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。
I could help you.
我本來可以幫助你。
If I had time.
我要有時間該多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她應該來參加聚會。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的錢就能...。
3) 虛擬語氣中,條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他們以前努力學習的話,現在乾的就會容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不聽取我的建議,他就不會幹得這樣好。
B. 英語 虛擬語氣語法
虛擬語氣
1、在非真實條件句中,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣。非真實條件有以下三類:
(1)與現在事實相反的非真實條件句,謂語動詞形式如下:
從句:過去時 主句:would/should/could/might+動詞原形。如
If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice.
如果我是你的話,我就請教老師。
(2)與過去事實相反的非真實條件句,謂語動詞形式如下:
從句:過去完成時 主句:would/should/could/ might +have+動詞過去分詞。如
If I hadn't taken the wrong bus, I wouldn't have missed the contest.
如果我沒有搭錯車,我就不會不參加競賽。
(3)與將來事實相反的非真實條件句,謂語動詞形式如下:
從句:過去時/should /were to +動詞原形 主句:would/should/could/might+動詞原形。如
If I had enough money next month, I would buy a of "The Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English".
如果我下個月有足夠的錢,我就會買一本《現代高級英語學習詞典》。
(4)混合時間條件句:主句和從句不一定用指同一時間的動詞。如
If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend.
假如我以前學過法語,現在就能給我們的法國朋友當翻譯。
(註:if從句與過去事實相反,用過去完成時;而主句與現在事實相反,用would+動詞原形。)
(5)含蓄條件句:有時假設的條件不通過條件從句來表示而含蓄在介詞短語或上下文中。如:
Without the warmth and light of the sun, the earth's vegetation would die almost immediately.
沒有太陽的熱量和光,地球上的植物幾乎會馬上死去。
2、虛擬語氣在某些從句中的應用:
(1)用於suggest, order, insist, demand等動詞後的賓語從句,如
We suggested that they (should)make a trip to Hong Kong next year.
我建議他們明年去香港旅遊。
(2)用於wish後的賓語從句
①與現在事實相反的願望
句型:主語+wish+從句(主語+過去時…)
I wish I were you.
但願我是你多好呀。
How I wish it wasn't raining!
現在要是不下雨該多好啊! (我多麼希望現在不下雨。)
②與過去事實相反的願望
句型:主語+wish+從句(主語+過去完成時…)
I wish I had learned more.
我多麼希望我以前多學一些啊!
He wishes he hadn't made the big mistake.
他要是不犯那個大錯誤該多好啊!
③與將來的願望相反(願望難以實現)
句型:主語+wish+從句(主語+過去將來時…)
The last chance has been lost. How he wishes he could have another chance.
最後一次機會失去了,他多麼希望他能再有一次機會啊!
(3)用於as if (as though)引導的從句
在as if (as though)引導的從句中,如果談論的是不可能或不真實的情況,它們所引導的表示虛擬性比喻或方式的狀語從句要用虛擬語氣。動詞形式和wish後面的從句中動詞形式變化相同。
He speakes English as if he were an Englishman.
他說起英語好象他是個英國人似的。
They talked about the city as if (though) they had been there before.
他們談論那座城市,就好像他們以前去過那兒似的。
He stood up as if (though) he would speak.
他站起來好像要發言似的。
注意:當as if (though)引導的從句用於動詞seem, appear, look, sound, smell等後面時,as if (though)從句的謂語有時依句意需要,也可用陳述語氣,表示說話者認為有可能是事實的事。試比較:
It seems as if she knew me.
好像他早就認識我似的。 (事實上他不認識我。)
It seems as if she knows me.
好像他認識我。 (事實上他認識我的可能性很大。)
(4)用於in order that ,so that引導的目的狀語從句。如
The professor spoke slowly in order that the listeners could hear hem clearly.
教授說的很慢,好讓聽眾聽清楚。
(5)用於It is (high) time引起的從句。如
It is time we stopped this practice.
現在是結束這種做法的時候了。
C. 英語中的虛擬語氣
耐心地把這看完,你會對虛擬語氣有個透徹的了解。
第一部分:語氣的定義和種類
1 語氣(mood)
語氣是動詞的一種形式,表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態度。
2 語氣的種類
⑴、陳述語氣:表示動作或狀態是現實的、確定的或符合事實的,用於陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。如:
①There are two sides to every question.每個問題都有兩個方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎?
③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老師啊!
⑵、祈使語氣:表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。如:
①Never be late again!再也不要遲到了。
②Don』t forget to turn off the light.別忘了關燈。
⑶、虛擬語氣:表示動作或狀態不是客觀存在的事實,而是說話人的主觀願望、假設或推測等。如:
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一隻小鳥,我就能在空中飛行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通過考試。
③May you succeed!祝您成功!
虛擬語氣在語法里算得上是個難點。讓我們就從最簡單的開始吧。
第二部分:簡單句中的虛擬語氣
一、情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時,表示說話人的謙虛、客氣、有禮貌、或委婉的語氣,常用於日常會話中。如:
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?請你告訴我去郵局的路好嗎?
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好別熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝願。
1、常用「may+動詞原形」表示祝願,但願,此時may須置於句首(多用於正式文體中)。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好運!
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快樂!
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就!
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝願你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝願我們的友情天長地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那個be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用動詞原形。例如:
(1).Long live the people! 人民萬歲!
(2).「God bless you,」said the priest.牧師說:「願上帝保佑你!」
(3).Have a good journey! 祝願你旅途愉快!
三、表示強烈願望。(該類型虛擬語氣謂語僅用動詞原形,第三人稱單數也不加「s」)
(1).God save me.
(2).Heaven help us.
四、表命令
1.命令虛擬語氣只能用在第二人稱(you),而且通常省略主語(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感嘆號:!
3.虛擬語氣動詞用一般現在時態(Simple Present),如:work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令語氣,可用助動詞do,加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虛擬語氣動詞Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虛擬語氣)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口語中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些習慣表達中。如:
(1).You』d better set off now.你最好現在就出發。
(2).I』d rather not tell you the secret.我情願不告訴你這個秘密。
第三部分:名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
第一節:賓語從句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虛擬語氣
一、在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣,常省去賓語從句的引導詞that。
一)、對現在情況的虛擬(與現在的事實相反):
從句用過去式或過去進行式(時間上是同時的)。其句子結構為:賓語從句的謂語be和were(was),實義動詞用過去式。例:
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 動詞過去式knew)我希望知道這個答案。(事實上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但願我的家鄉四季如春。(事實上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但願我是只小鳥。(事實上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,過去虛擬動詞understood)
現在他在中國,他希望能懂得中文。(事實上並不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不和我們在一起)
二)、對過去情況的虛擬(和過去的事實相反):
用wish表示對過去事情的遺憾。其句子結構為:賓語從句的謂語用過去完成時,或would, could, might+現在完成時。例:
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我後悔不該浪費這么多時間。(事實上已浪費了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望沒有失去機會。(其實已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished,had + spoken)(事實上他並沒同我們講)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事實上已遲了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事實上並不如此)
例題分析:I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
動詞wish後面接從句,表達不可能實現或與事實相反的情況時,謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣,即用過去式(表示現在發生的動作)或過去完成式(表示過去發生的動作)。本題後半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發生的動作。所以, 選項A)could have slept是答案
三)、對將來情況的虛擬(表示將來的主觀願望):
從句動詞"would/should/could/might + 動詞原形"(時間上較後)(請注意:主句和從句的主語不相同)。用wish表示對將來事情的願望。例:
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虛擬動詞would+動詞原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事實上雨還在下著呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安靜一些。(事實上那傢伙還在吵著呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天會到。(事實上她還沒到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她會改變主意。(呵呵,女孩子可沒那麼容易就改變主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我們和他在一起,實際上還沒在一起)
四)、注意:
1.如果將wish改為過去式wished, 其後that 從句中的動詞形式不變。例如:
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那時沒有花掉那麼多錢就好了。
2. 如果that 從句中用would , 一般表示對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變或請求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
二、在表示建議、命令、要求、忠告等動詞的後面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
由於這些動詞本身隱含說話者的主觀意見,認為某事應該或不應該怎樣,這些詞語後面的「that」從句應用虛擬語氣,且均以「should+動詞原形」表示這種語氣,但事實上「should」常被省略,故此從句中謂語動詞用原形,常用的此類動詞有:
表示「要求」的:ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示「提議、勸告、建議」的:move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示「決定、命令」的:decide, order
表示「主張」的:maintain, urge
表示「同意、堅持」的:consent, insist
例如:
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, 「The razor and water do the job. 」(當我建議他用刮鬍膏時,他說「剃刀和水就行了」。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他費了幾天功夫尋找理論根據,直到我建議拆開看看它是如何轉動的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English
D. 英語中的虛擬語氣語法
虛擬語氣
一、考點聚焦
1、虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中
(1)表示與現在事實相反的假設,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用「過去式(be動詞的過去式用were)」,而主句中的謂語動詞用「would / should/ could / might + 動詞原形」。如:
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
(2)表示與過去的事實相反,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時,主句中的謂語動詞則用「would / should / might / could + have +過去分詞」。如:
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
(3)表示與將來事實相反,條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形,而主句中的謂語動詞則用would / should/
could might + 動詞原形。如;
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
(4)當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發生的時間不一致時,動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作相應調整。如:
If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(從句說的是過去,主句指的是現在)
以下表格是虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中時,主句和從句謂語動詞的形式:
條件狀語從句 主 句
與過去事實相反 had + 過去分詞 should /would/could/might + have + 過去分詞
與現在事實相反 一般過去時(be用were) would/should/could/might + 動詞原形
與將來事實相反 一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形 Would/should/cold/might + 動詞原形
有時侯在使用時可省略if,句子則可換成下列形式,即「were / had / should +主語」。如:
Were I a boy, I would join the army.
Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.
2、虛擬語氣用於名詞性從句
(1)虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。
①「wish + 賓語從句」表示不能實現的願望,譯為「要是……就好了」等。表示現在不能實現的願望,從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時;表示將來不能實現的願望,從句中的謂語動詞用「would/could + 動詞原形」;表示過去不能實現的願望,從句中的謂語動詞用「had + 過去分詞」或「could(should) + have + 過去分詞」。如:
I wish it were spring all the year round.
I wish I had known the answer.
I wish I could fly like a bird.
②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等後的賓語從句中,謂語動詞用should + 動詞原形或是動詞原形。如:
She suggested we (should)leave here at once.
The doctor ordered she should be operated.
(2)虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。
作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句,從句中的謂語動詞用「(should) + 動詞原形」。如:
His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.
My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.
(3)虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。
在主語從句中,謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用「should + 動詞原形」的結構,表示驚奇、不相信、理應如此等。如:
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
注意:這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現出驚奇的情感,就可用虛擬語氣。反之,如果不表示驚奇等情感,that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如:
It is pity that you can』t swim.
3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用
(1)虛擬語氣在as if/as though、even if/even though等引導的表語從句或狀語從句中,如果從句表示的動作發生在過去,用過去完成時;指現在狀況,則用一般過去時;指將來狀況則用過去將來時。如:
He did it as if he were an expert.
Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
(2)虛擬語氣用於定語從句中。
這種從句常用於句型「It is (high)time (that) … 」中,定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should + 動詞原形,意思是「(現在)該……」。如:
It』s time that I picked up my daughter.
It』s high time we were going.
(3)虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中。如:
If only I were a bird.
If only I had taken his advice.
(4)虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。
①情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時,表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉,常出現在日常會話中。如:
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to close the door?
②用於一些習慣表達法中。如:
Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you.
E. 英語語法:虛擬語氣
這個sent跟虛擬語氣沒有什麼關系
get that form sent off
這個sent是根據get來的
get something done
done就是指過去分詞 表示把是事情做了
F. 英語虛擬語氣具體語法。謝謝
虛擬語氣應該是強制性的知識點三個第一和第二單元。
下的虛擬語氣兩個常規測試點:
一,名詞性從句應該做的結構,應該被忽略。在名詞性從句,如果存在「命令,建議,要求,計劃」字,無論什麼名詞性從句時,需要使用虛擬語氣的。如:
他建議我們(應)完成任務的時間是賓語從句,提出了「建議」的意思。另一個例子是在表語從句中使用的詞:。
他的建議是,我們(應)完成任務的時間
在本節中,關鍵是要注意:如果句主語和被動動詞之間的關系,那麼他們會使用(應該)做結構,就像同樣的情態動詞的被動形式。如:
他下令任務(應該)按時完成
在虛擬語氣第二個條件狀語從句。子句和主句的動詞有嚴格的要求,具體如下:
子句,則主句
而現在正好相反:沒有/被會/可以/應該/可以做
和過去的相反的:做了會/可以/應該/可能有母鹿
和未來的相反:沒有/是做/應該做會/可以/應該/可以做
例如:如果當時你不幫我們,我們不能完成它的工作原理。
如果你沒有幫我們的話,我們就不能完成該項目。 (相對於過去)。
如果我是你,我會用另一種方法。
如果我是你,我會用另一種方式來做到這一點。 (現在的對面),短語,要注意,我用的是。盡管受試者是單數,一般假設語氣過去時,不能使用了。
這些是基本的規則,當然,還有很多其他的。如:
我希望....這種結構是賓語從句在名詞性從句,但它使用上述相同的虛擬語氣是不是和我在一起。這句話,時態的賓語從句走了一步過去。即:如果相反,與過去時,如果和過去相反,在過去使用時已完成,如果違反了現在和將來與過去的未來。
這樣的:我希望我是一隻鳥,現在相反
我希望我之前和過去相反..
要將所有沒有浪費了很多時間關於具體的,比較難,我建議你看看下面的語法書系統的通話效果會更好。
G. 英語中的虛擬語氣的用法
關於英語中虛擬語氣的用法介紹 1.用於if引出的條件句中
虛擬語氣用於if引出的與現在、過去及將來事實相反的條件句中。1)與現在事實相反的假設
從句的謂語動詞用過去式,系動詞用were,主句的謂語用「should(would,could,might)+動詞原形」。
If he were here,he would be greatly surprised.
The spaceship would burn up if it went too close to the stars.
2)與過去事實相反的假設
從句的謂語動詞用「had+過去分詞」,主句用「should(would,could,might)+have+過去分詞」。
If I had been more careful,I wouldn't have made so many silly mistakes.
3)對將來發生的事實的假設
從句的謂語動詞用「should(were to)+動詞原形」,主句用「should(would,could,might)+動詞原形」,主從句的謂語動詞也可和「與現在事實相反的假設」的謂語相同。
If you should miss the chance,you would feel sorry for it.
If you missed the chance,you would feel sorry for it.
4)錯綜時間條件句
主句和從句的動作發生時間不一致,動詞的形式應根據所表示的時間做出調整。
If I were you,I would have attended the lecture.(從句表示現在時間,主句表示過去時間)
5)連詞if的省略
條件句中連詞if可以省略,但從句要倒裝,即將would,had,should等置於主語前。
Were he here this afternoon,I would go with him.2.用於wish後的賓語從句中
虛擬語氣用於wish後的賓語從句中,表示現在、過去或將來不太可能實現的願望1)表示現在的願望
謂語動詞用一般過去式,系動詞用were。
I wish I knew his address.
I wish he were a teacher.
2)表示過去的願望
謂語動詞用「had+過去分詞」
I wish I had not told him the news.
3)表示將來的願望
謂語動詞用「would(could,might)+動詞原形」。
I wish I could read the novel in English.3.用於as if等引起的從句中
虛擬語氣用於as if(as though)引起的狀語從句或表語從句中,表示與現在、過去或將來的情況不符,其謂語動詞形式與wish後賓語從句的形式相同。
He often treats me as if I were a child.
Peter talked as if he had really been there.
He acts as if he would be a football star.
She looks as if she were ill.4.用於特定詞語後的賓、主、表及同位語從句中
虛擬語氣用於表示要求、建議、命令等意義的動詞、名詞及形容詞後的賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句及同位語從句中。其形式都是「sould+動詞原形」,should可省略。1)用於賓語從句中
常用的動詞:ask,advise,command,decide,demand,insist,order,propose,request,require,suggest等。
He insisted that we all(should) be in his office at six.
The doctor suggested that she (should) take a trip.
2)用於主語從句中
常用的結構:It is+形容詞或過去分詞+主語從句(用虛擬語氣)
常見的形容詞或分詞:essential,urgent,necessary,important,advisable,natural,desired,demanded,ordered,required,suggested等。
It is necessary that this machine(should) be oiled every day.
It is required that the machine be tested.
3)用於表語從句或同位語從句中
常用的名詞:advice,command,demand,desire,idea,order,proposal,request requirement等。
His suggestion is that we go out on a picnic next Sunday.(表語從句)
His suggestion that we go out on a picnic next Sunday is wonderful.(同位語從句)5. 用於「it is time+從句」中
虛擬語氣用於「It is(high,about)time+從句」這一結構中,從句謂語動詞用過去式,表示早該做而仍未做的事。
It is high time that we went back to college.6.用於would rather等引起的從句中
虛擬語氣用於wouldhad rather(would prefer,would sooner)引起的從句中,其謂語動詞用過去式,表示當時或將來的情況;其謂語動詞用「had+過去分詞」,表示過去的情況。
I would rather you didn't tell him anything about it.
She would prefer that she had not stayed at home last night.7.用於lest等引導的狀語從句中
虛擬語氣用於lest或in case引起的狀語從句中,其謂語動詞用「should+動詞原形」,should一般不可省。
He took his umbrella with him in case it should rain.8.其他情況
without,but for,but that等引出的短語可表示虛擬條件意義,主句用虛擬語氣。
Without a computer,they would not have finished their calculation so quickly.
H. 英語語法中的虛擬語法三種用法是什麼
時間
從句謂源語形式
主句謂語形式
將來
動詞過去式(be用were)
should + 動詞原形
were to + 動詞原形
would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
現在
動詞過去式(be 用 were)
would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
過去
had +動詞過去分詞
would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞