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英語必修三情態動詞語法

發布時間:2021-02-21 06:47:14

Ⅰ 英語情態動詞語法選擇加講解。

情態動詞
有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情態動詞無人稱和數的變化;不能單獨使用,必須與其後的動詞原形構成謂語。 情態動詞
can 表示能力,意為 「能 會」 表示推測, 意為 「可能」, 常用於否定句和疑問句中 表示請求, 允許, 意為「可以」
could 是can 的過去式,意為「能、會」, 表示過去的能力 在疑問句中表示委婉請求
may 表示請求、許可,意為「可以」 表示推測,常用於肯定句中,意為「可能、也許」
might 是may的過去式,表推測,常用於肯定句中,意為「 可能、也許 」 must 表示主觀看法,意為「必須、應該」 表有把握的推測,用語肯定句 Need \表示需要、必須,主要用於否定句和疑問句中 dare 表示敢於,主要用於否定句和疑問句中
should 意為「 應該」, 表示要求和命令 表示勸告、建議 had better 意為 「最好」,表示建議 used to意為 「過去常常,表示過去的動作、行為 考點一 情態動詞知識清單
情態動詞有具體的詞義,但也同助動詞一樣,需要與其他詞語一起構成句子的謂語,另外情態動詞沒喲人稱和數的變化,情態動詞後必須跟動詞原形。
1. can 的用法
(1) 表示能力、許可、可能性。 表示能力時一般譯為「能、會」, 即有種能力,尤其是生來具備的能力,此時may 和must 均不可代替它。 (2) 表示可能、能夠。 如:I can finish it in an hour. (3)表示許可,常在口語中。如:You can use my dictionary. (4)表示推測,意為「可能」, 常用於否定句和疑問句中, 此時can‟t 譯為「 不可能」。 2. could的用法
(1) can的過去式, 意為「 能、 會」 , 表示過去的能力。 (2) could 在疑問句中, 表示委婉的語氣,此時沒有過去式的意思。 3. may的用法
(1)表示請求、許可, 比can 正式,
(2)表示推測,談論可能性,意為「 可能, 或許」,一般用於肯定句中。
(3) may的過去式為might ,表示推測時。可能性低於may 。4. must的用法
(1)must 表示主觀看法,意為「必須、一定」。
(2)其否定形式mustn‟t 表示「 一定不要 」 「千萬別」 「禁止, 不許」. (3)對must引導的疑問句,肯定回答為must, 否定回答為needn‟t 或 don‟t have to .
(4)must 表示有把握的推測,用於肯定句。當must 表示 肯定的判斷、推測時,其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構成。 She must have finished writing, hasn‟t she? 5. need的用法
(1) need 表示需要、必須,主要用於否定句和疑問句中,其否定形式為needn‟t ,意為「沒有必要,不必」。 用need 提問時,肯定回答為 must,否定回答為 needn‟t 。 如:----Need I stay here any longer? ----Yes, you must .-----No. you needn‟t .
(2) need 還可以作實義動詞,此時有人稱、數和時態的變化, 後邊
多接動詞不定式。

6. dare
的用法

dare
意為

敢、敢於
」,
用法近似於
need


有兩種詞性:


1

dare
作為情態動詞,多用於否定句、疑問句或條件句中,無第
三人稱單數形式,只有一般現在時和一般過去時。


2

dare
作為實義動詞,此時有人稱、數及時態的變化。注意:


口語中,
dare
的各種形式常與不帶
to
的不定式連用。
Do you dare tell
her what I said?
7.
shall
的用法


1

shall
表示徵求對方意見(多用於第一、三人稱)


Shall we go out for a walk?


2
)表示決心、警告、命令(

多用於第二、三人稱)


No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam.
8.
should
的用法


1

should
意為

應該



可表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。

We
should protect the environment.


2

should (would)like to do sth.
表示

想要、
願意做某事


常用於口
語中。
Would you like to go with me?
你想和我一起去嗎?


3

Should have done
表示對過去動作的責備、批評。

You should have finished your homework.

9.
will
的用法

will
表示意願、意志、打算,可用於多種人稱。

I will help you if I‟m free this afternoon.

10.

had better
的用法

had
better
意為

最好

,沒有人稱的變化,後面接不帶
to
的不定式,
其否定形式為:

had better not


We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him.

考點二

含有情態動詞的疑問句

1.


can

may

must
構成的疑問句


1
)句



Can/
May/
Must…

+


+




+….





Can
you
repair
the
car?
Could
he
be
a
good
student? May
I
borrow
your
ruler?Must we clean the room now?


2
)對

may
引出的問句,可以有下列回答方式:
Yes,
of
course.

Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn‟t.No, you can‟t.


3
)對
must
引出的疑問句,回答為:
Yes, …must.No,… needn‟t/ don‟t
have to.

2. will


would


shall
的用法


1

will
在一般疑問句中表示客氣的

請求、
勸說



would

will

過去式,語氣更加客氣、委婉。
Would
you
show
me
your
picture
book? Will you please give me a call?


2
)對

will/ would you…

的回答方式有以下幾種:
Yes, I will. (No, I
won‟t.)Sure .
(I‟m
sorry
,
I
can‟t.)All
right.Certainly.
(No,
thank
you .)

Yes, please.

3

shall
引出的疑問句用於第一人稱,

表示徵求對方意見或客氣的
請求。其回答方式有以下幾種:
Yes, please.All right. No, thank you.

考點三

不同情態動詞的否定意義也不同

1.

1


can‟t
可譯為

不會



如:
I can‟t play basketball.
我不會打籃
球。


2
)當句子表推測時,用
can‟t
表達不可能,

He can‟t be ill. He
is playing chess with Tom.
can‟t
還可用來回答
「 May I …? 」
這樣的
問句。
May I come in ?No, you mustn‟t. / can‟t.
can‟t
還可用於固
定習語中。
She can‟t help crying.

Ⅱ 高中階段英語語法「情態動詞」以及「非謂語動詞」的重點和難點是什麼

情態動詞

情態動詞 (Model Verbs) 又稱為情態助動詞 (Model Auxil-iaries)。英語中助動詞主要有兩類:一是基本助動詞,如have, do, be;二是情態助動詞,如may, must, need等。情態動詞與其他動詞連用表示說話人的語氣。情態動詞可表達建議、要求、可能和意願等。情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。在大學英語四、六級考試中,情態動詞部分重點測試以下內容:

(1)情態動詞+行為動詞完成式

(2)情態動詞+行為動詞進行式

(3)情態動詞+行為動詞完成進行式

(4)某些情態動詞的特殊用法

一、情態動詞+行為動詞完成式

情態動詞+行為動詞完成式即「情態動詞+ have + v-ed分詞」,表示對過去行為或動作進行推測、評論或判斷。

1. must have v-ed

must have v-ed 表示推測過去某事「一定」發生了。其否定形式為:can』t / couldn』t have v-ed, 表示過去不可能發生某事。例如:

1)Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.

2)You couldn』t have met my grandmother. She died before you were born.

2. could have v-ed

could have v-ed 表示推測過去某動作「很可能」發生了。例如:

1)「The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?」

2)「Tom could have taken it. He was alone yesterday.」

3.may / might have v-ed

may / might have v-ed 表示推測過去某事「也許」發生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性在說話人看來稍大些。例如:

I can』t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.

4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn』t have v-ed

ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn』t have v-ed 用於對已發生的情況表示「責備」、「不滿」,分別表示「本應該…」和「本不應該…」。例如:

1)With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.

2)You ought not to make fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.

5. needn』t have v-ed

needn』t have v-ed 表示過去做了某事,但沒有做的必要, 意為「本沒必要…」。例如:

You needn』t have waken me up; I don』t have to go to work today.

註:表示推測過去某動作發生的可能性時,就表示的可能性程度而言,must最大,could其次,may更次之,might最小。例如:

「I wonder how Tom knew about your past.」

「He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary.」

二、情態動詞+行為動詞進行式

情態動詞+行為動詞進行式(即情態動詞+ be + v-ing形式),表示推測或評論某動作現在是否正在進行。例如:

1)He must be playing basketball in the room.

2)She may be staying at home.

三、情態動詞+行為動詞完成進行式

情態動詞+行為動詞完成進行式(即情態動詞+ have been + v-ing 形式),表示推測或評論過去某動作是否正在進行或一直在進行。例如:

1)They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.

2)He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.

四、某些情態動詞的特殊用法

1. need

考試中主要測試 need 作情態動詞與作實義動詞的區別,對此,可參見表1.need 作情態動詞時,後面跟不帶to 的動詞不定式,即 「need to」。通常用在疑問句和否定句中,表示詢問是否有「必要」,其否定形式為needn』t,表示「不必」;疑問形式為 Need … do? 極少用於肯定句。例如:

1)I don』t think we need turn the light on at that time.

2)Need you ride a bike to school?

情態動詞need與實義動詞need 在時態、肯定、否定結構上的對比見表1。

2. dare

考試中主要測試dare作情態動詞和作實義動詞的區別。

情態動詞dare 與實義動詞dare 在時態、肯定、否定、疑問結構上的對比見表2。

3. can 和 may

考試中主要測試can,may或could,might表示可能性的區別及對may構成的疑問句的回答。

時態 情態動詞need 實義動詞 need

現 You need (not) do You (don』t) need to do



時 He need (not) do He needs (doesn』t need) to do

過 You needed (didn』t need) to do



時 He needed (didn』t need) to do

將 You need (not) do You will (not) need to do



時 He need (not) do He will (not) need to do

句型 時態 動詞

情態動詞dare 實義動詞 dare

肯定句 現在時 dare to 少用 dare/dares to do

過去時 dare to 少用 dared to do

否定句 現在時 daren』t/dare not do do/does not dare (to) do

過去時 dared not do did not dare (to) do

疑問句 現在時 Dare he do? Do you/Does he dear (to) do?

過去時 Dared he do? Did he dare (to) do

(1)can, could, may, might都可以表示可能性.can, could表示潛在的可能性或理論上或邏輯判斷上存在的可能性;而may, might則表示事實上的可能性。此外,can還具有「有能力」的意思,而may與might則不具此意。例如:

1)According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.

2) Any man with a little sense can see that he is wrong.

(2)May I / we …?這一類疑問句的肯定回答為Yes, please.或Certainly;否定回答為Please don』t.或No, you mustn』t. 例如:

「May we leave now?」 「No, you mustn』t. You haven』t finished your home work yet.」

4. can 和 be able to

can 與 be able to 都可以表示能力,但兩者在用法上有點差異:can (could)表示主觀能力,不表示意願,它的將來時用will be able to; be able to表示主觀意願,強調要克服困難去做某事。例如:

1)My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses.

2)He is able to give up his bad habits.

5. must 和 have to

must 和 have to 都可以表示「必須」,但有幾點區別:

(1)must 強調「內在的職責」、「義務」,而have to 強調「外界壓力」、「不得已而為之」。

(2)have to可用於多種時態,而must一般用於現在時,其過去時與將來時分別由had to與shall / will have to代替。

(3)在回答must引起的問題時,如果是否定的答復,不能用mustn』t,而要用needn』t或don』t have to,因為mustn』t是「一定不要」、「一定不能」的意思。例如:

1)You must come to the classroom before eight.

2)It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now.

3)「Must we do it now?」 「No, you needn』t.」

6. used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v

(1)used to +v意為「過去常常」,「過去一直」;be used to +v-ing / n(名詞)意為「習慣於」;be used to +v意為「被用來(做某事)」。

(2)used to只表示過去,而be used to +v-ing / n可表示現在、過去或將來。例如:

1)He used to smoke. Now he doesn』t.

2)He』s quite used to hard work / working hard.

3)The knife is used to cut bread.

7.用作情態動詞的其他短語

would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can not but, may (just) as well等可用作情態動詞。例如:

1)The soldier would sooner die than surrender.

2)The brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such an enemy.

3)I』d rather walk than take a bus.

4)If you don』t like to swim, you may just as well stay at home.

註:這些短語後一般直接跟動詞原形.would (had) rather, would (had) sooner, would (just) as soon後可跟that 引導的從句,that 常省去,從句要用虛擬語氣。對現在和將來的假設用過去時,對過去的假設用過去完成時。例如:

1)I would rather you came on Sunday.

2)I would sooner you hadn』t asked me to speak yesterday.

非謂語動詞

語法講座

非謂語動詞是高中語法的重點,也是難點,學生常常對此感到頭疼。其實只要理解並掌握非謂語動詞各種形式的特點,做起題來會很輕松。我們先來看看非謂語動詞的各種變化形式。熟悉知道了非謂語動詞形式後,做題時可分四步分析。
一、分析句子結構
1. ________many times , but he still couldn't understand it .
2. ________many times , he still couldn't understand it .
A. Having been told . B. Told
C. He was told D. Though he had been told
3. ________to the left , you'll find the post office .
4. If you ________to the left , you'll find the post office .
5. ________to the left , and you'll find the post office .
A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned
分析:句1. 用連詞but 引導並列句子,因此,前面也是個獨立句子成分,故選C。
句2. 句中用逗號隔開,且無連詞引導,因此,前面不是句子結構,只是句子的一個成分,故選A,用非謂語動詞作狀語。
句3. 同句2,選A 。
句4. 前面用if 引導從句,故選C ,構成從句謂語。
句5. 同句1,選C。
二、分析邏輯主語
確定要選非謂語動詞之後,第二步要分析其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語,但仍具有動詞特點,其邏輯上的動作執行者就叫做邏輯主語。非謂語動詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致。若不一致,則須加上自己的邏輯主語。
1. ________no buses , we have to walk home .
A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being
2. ______Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home .
分析:句1. 表示「沒有公共汽車」,應用「there be」結構,即邏輯主語是「there」,故選A 。
句2. 同理選D。
三、分析語態
分析語態就是在確定邏輯主語之後,分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關系。
1. ______from space , the earth looks blue .
2.______from space , we can see the earth is blue .
A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See
這兩個題選項中的非謂語動詞都沒有加自己的邏輯主語, 因此其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。
分析:句1. 「地球」被「看起來」,表被動,故選A,用過去分詞表被動。
句2. 我們「主動看……」即表主動,故選B。
3. The dirty clothes ______ , the girl hung them up outside .
4. ______ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside .
A. was washed B. washed C.were washed D.having washed
分析:句3. 前面應用非謂語動詞作句子的狀語,邏輯主語是「the dirty clothes」,和動詞搭配表示「衣服被洗」,故選B。
句4. 邏輯主語為句子的主語「the girl」,表示「女孩洗衣服」,為主動關系,故選D。
四、分析時態,在選定了主動或被動後,還要考慮動作發生的時間問題,即時態。
1. The building ______now will be a restaurant .
2. The building ______next year will be a restaurant .
3. The building ______last year is a restaurant.
A. having been built B.to be built
C.being built D. built
句1中 now 說明大樓正在被修,故用進行式,選C。
句2中next year 說明大樓將在明年被修,故用表將來的不定式,選B。
句3中 last year 說明大樓已被修,但不能選,因為現在分詞的完成式不能作定語,故用過去分詞,選D。
又如:
1. He stood there______for his mother .
2. ______for two hours , he went away .
A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D.Having waited
句1表示「站在那等」,兩個動詞同時發生,故選A作伴隨狀語。
句2表示已經等了兩個小時,發生在謂語動詞「went away 」之前,故用完成式,選D 。
需要注意的是,非謂語動詞的否定也是常考的項目,要認清否定形式,非謂語動詞的否定都應將not 放在前面。
如:
What is the reason for ______there ?
A. not your going B. not your go
C. your not going D. you not to go

鞏固練習:
1. ______won't be of much help .(A)
A .Tom's going B. Tom going C. Tom to go D. Tom goes
2. They managed _____the meeting room before the guests arrived. (C)
A. finishing to clean B. finishing cleaning
C. to finish cleaning D. to finish to clean
3. We must find a room big enough _____.(B)
A. for all of us to live B. for all of us to live in
C. to live in all of us D. of all of us to live
4. _____a teacher , I should set a good example to students . (A)
A. Being B. Having been C. To be D. As I being
5. _____a teacher ,one must first be their pupil . (C)
A. Being B. Having been
C. To be D. To have been
6. It was stupid _____ your advice. (C)
A. for me not to take B. for me not taking
C. of me not to take D. of me not taking
7. The teacher told him to speak louder _____by , everybody. (A)
A. so as to be heard B. so as to hear
C. in order that heard D. in order to hear
8. They suggested _____ the sports meet till next Tuesday. (B)
A. us to put off B. our putting off
C. us of putting off D. our put off
9. The doctor gave me some medicine , _____ three times a day before meals. (C)
A. to take B. to be taking C. to be taken D. I took it
10. Thanking them for their kindness , he said that the old lady really appreciated _____by them. (D)
A. visiting B. visited
C. to be visited D. being visited
11. _____made her parents very angry . (B)
A. Jane's engaging Black B. Jane's being engaged to Black
C. Jane having engaged to Black D. Jane has engaged to Black
12. Don't you think it any good_____in public places? (B)
A. forbidding smoking B. to forbid smoking
C. to forbid to smoke D. forbidding to smoke
13. China is a _____ country and we should introce _____ science and technology from the _____ countries. (B)
A. developed; advanced; developed B. developing;advanced;developed
C. developing;advancing;developing D. developed; advancing ; developing
14. _____, the work can be done much better . (C)
A. Given more time B.We had been given more time
C. More time given D. If more time had given
15. _____from space , the earth , with water _____seventy percent of its surface , looks like a "blue ball". (D)
A. Seen ; covered B. Seeing ; covering
C. Seeing; covered D. Seen; covering
16. People always shake hands with each other when _____. (C)
A. to introce B. introce C. introced D. introcing
17. _____, tears ran down her pale face. (A)
A. No word said B. Say no word
C. Not saying a word D. Without saying a word
18. Tigers _____ meat -eating animals , _____meat . (A)
A. belonged to ;fed on B. belonging to ; feed on
C. were belonged to ; feed on D. belonging to ; feeding on
19. We must take measures to prevent our earth _____. (C)
A. to be polluted B. from polluting
C. from being polluted D. from polluted
20. As the stone was too heavy to move , I left it _____ on the ground . (C)
A. laying B. lay C. lying D. lain.

Ⅲ 高中英語必修3語法

情態動詞
情態動詞表推測的三種句式
1.在肯定句中一般用 (一定),may(可能),might /can, could(也許,或許)。 (1)He must/may/might know the answer to this question? 他一定/可能/也許知道這個問題的答案。
2.否定句中用can』t / couldn』t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。 (1)It can』t/couldn』t be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 這不可能是校長,他去美國了。 3.疑問句中用can/could (能……?)。 (1)Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任務完成了嗎? (2)Can he be at home now? 他現在能在家嗎?
註:以上三種句式中情態動詞的語氣按程度都是依次遞減的。Might, could並非may, can的過去式,而表示語氣較為委婉或可能性較小。

(二)情態動詞表推測的三種時態
1.對將來情況的推測,用「情態動詞 + 動詞原形」。
(1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也許到。
2.對現在或一般情況的推測,用「情態動詞 + be」,「情態動詞 +be doing」或「情態動詞 + 動詞原形」。 (1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也許正在聽收音機。
註:情態動詞 should /ought to表推測時,意為「想必會,理應……」但與「have +過去分詞」連用時,則又可構成虛擬語氣意為「本應該做某事卻沒做」。例如: (4)It』s seven o』clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. 現在七點鍾了,傑克理應隨時到達。(推測) (5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虛擬) 她本該出席你的生日晚會的,可是她得在醫院照顧她媽媽。 (6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虛擬) 湯姆本不該告訴我你的秘密,可是他並無惡意。
助動詞(auxiliary)主要有兩類:基本助動詞(primary auxiliary)和情態助動詞(modal auxiliary)。基本助動詞有三個:do, have和be;情態助動詞基本的有十四個:may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.had better 上述兩類助動詞的共同特徵是,在協助主動詞構成限定動詞片語

名詞性從句
主語從句
作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that,whether,if和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等詞引導。that在句中無詞義,只起連接作用;連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用,在從句中充當從句的成分。
賓語從句
名詞從句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導賓語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句表語從句的關聯詞大致一樣,在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。
表語從句
在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導表語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句的關聯詞大致一樣,表語從句位於連系動詞後,有時用as if引導。其基本結構為:主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。例如: The fact is that we have lost the game. 事實是我們已經輸了這場比賽。 That』s just what I want. 這正是我想要的。
【注意】whether 可引導表語從句,但與之同義的if卻通常不用於引導表語從句。
同位語從句
同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容。同位語從句通常由that引導,可用於同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。

Ⅳ 英語必修三知識

高中英語必修三,四有哪些語法,知識點主要有虛擬語氣,情態動詞,非謂語,定語從句,名詞性從句,狀語從句,動詞時態,強調句型,倒裝句,倒裝等。

Ⅳ 高中英語 必修一至必修三的語法有哪些

分為句法詞法兩大類。
詞法每本字典上都有,牛津英漢字典比較好,各大書專店都有。
此法分八大類。
1 時態 語態屬;2 定語從句 ;3 名詞性從句: 賓語從句 主語從句 表語從句 同位語從句 ;4 狀語從句 ;5非謂語動詞 :不定式 動名詞 分詞 ;6 情態動詞 ;7 虛擬語氣 ;8 特殊句式 :強調句 倒裝 反義疑問句 省略句
這只是大框 內容太多了
我建議你最好買本語法書像 張道真的 語法書比較好 王邁邁的語法書也不錯 句法此法都包括了

Ⅵ 高一英語必修三必修四所有語法

沒有那麼多,也就是,必修三有:情態動詞;名詞性從句;必修四有:主謂語一致;非謂語-ing的用法;構詞法

Ⅶ 高中英語情態動詞的用法有哪些

情態動詞的考點精簡
一、何謂「情態動詞」?
情態動詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態度等,是中學英語語法的重點,也是高考的熱點,是單項填空必考的一個知識點。高考試題常常藉助語境和句子之間意義上的細微差別來考查學生對情態動詞的基本用法及其區別,近五年高考中主要考查四點:情態動詞表示推測和可能性的用法;情態動詞與虛擬語氣;情態動詞的表達「情感、態度、語氣等」,情態動詞表示 「必要性」等方面的用法。
二、情態動詞的特點
1.沒有人稱和數的變化。
2. 有些情態動詞有過去式的變化:
e.g. will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared
三、情態動詞的否定形式
情態動詞+ not +動詞原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't
四、情態動詞的用法(常考考點)
Shall
一)用於一、三人稱疑問句中,表示說話人徵求對方意見和向對方請示。
Shall we begin our class? Shall he come in, sir? (徵求對方意見)
二)用於二、三人稱 表命令、許諾、警告、規定、威脅、決心、也用於宣布法律、規定的要求
1. You shall get my reply tomorrow. (許諾)
2. 「The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both side. (命令)
3. You shall be sorry for what you said one day, I tell you. (警告、威脅)
4. Nothing shall stop us from advancing. (決心)
5. —What does the sign over there read?
—「No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.」(要求)

Should
一)應該,表示責任、義務
According to the air traffic rules, you should switch off your mobile phone before boarding.
二)竟然、( 從句中) 驚奇、懷疑、不滿(expect\, think, believe等詞後) 委婉 客氣(第一人稱 ) 驚訝、埋怨 (二、三人稱) 萬一( if 從句中)
1.) it』s a pity that he should be so careless. (竟然)
2.) I never expect that you should have come here. (驚奇 )
3.) I should advise you not to do it. (委婉 客氣)
4.) Who should come to see you when you are in trouble! (埋怨 )
5.)If you should change your mind, please let me know. (萬一)
三) 表示合理的推測
The video should be very interesting, in which you can see foreigners making Jiaozi ring the Spring Festival.
四)if 引導的虛擬條件句中,從句中只可出現should.
Should I have time, I would go there with you.
五)要求,命令和請求含義的動詞後,接賓語從句,從句中謂語「should do」,should 可以省略
Tom suggested that I (should) go there at once.
六)should have done 本應該做但是沒做
shouldn』t have done 本不應該做但是做了
You should have studied hard.
Must
一)表示必須要做的事: 必須
-Must I get to the station before three o'clock?
-Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. )
二)用於指 偏要、硬要 ( 令人不快的事)
1. The car must break down just when we were in the jungle. (偏要)
2. -- Could I have a word with you, mum?
-- Oh, dear, if you must.
3. – Who is the girl standing over there?
-- Well, if you must know, her name is Mabel.
三)用於表肯定的猜測
He is absent today, and something must have happened to him.
She must be at home now, as I just called her.
四)禁止 (否定句)
You mustn』t make noises in the library. (禁止) (註:mustn』t沒有表推測的意思)

Can\ could
一) 能力(陳述句)He can swim./ He could swim when he was a child.
二) 驚異、懷疑、不相信(否定、疑問、驚嘆句)How can you be so careless?
三) can』t 表推測「一定不是」 He can』t be Mr. White, because I don』t know him.
四) can/ could 用於否定和疑問表猜測 I lost my purse. Where could I have put it?
五) can 用於客觀事實的推測,可能出現的某種現象
He is friendly, but sometimes he can be difficult to get along with.
The northern part of China is cold, but sometimes it can be warm.
Nowadays, graates can have difficulty finding jobs.
六) be able to do sth. 經過努力能達到
4. The fire in the hotel spread fast but fortunately all of the people were able to ran out. (經過努力能達到)
May \ might
一)祝願(祈使句) May you return in safety. (祝願)
二)可以(語氣弱). May I come in ? (可以)
三)表推測,不太可能的推測 Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn』t quite sure yet.
四)may as well do sth. Now that you are here, you may as well try your best.
may well do sth. He may not well go with us—he hates travel.
五)might用於虛擬 If he came here tomorrow, he might have a chance of talking with her.
Will
一)意願、決心、習慣性、傾向性、請求
1. I』ll do my best . (意願)
2. I will never do such a thing again. (決心)
3. Fish will die without water. (習慣性、傾向性)
4. Will you give me a piece of paper? (請求)
二)區分於be going to, 表示沒有計劃,臨時決定
---I』m sorry. I forgot to send the letter for you.
--- It doesn』t matter. I will go myself.
Would He promised he would never smoke again. (will的過去式)
Would you…? 「I would like to… (婉轉語氣)
Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class.
(過去的習慣動作,比used to正式,並沒有「現已無此習慣」的含義。)
It would be about ten when he left home. (表料想或猜想)
Dare \ need
1. I dare to go there alone at night.
2. Do you dare to go there alone at night? = Dare you go there alone at night?
3. I don』t dare (to )go there alone at night. = I dare not go there alone at night.
dare say\ dare tell \ dare speak
4 needn』t have done 本沒有必要做,但是做了
You needn』t have waited for her, as she didn』t go there.

情態動詞+ do 表示對現在的推測
情態動詞+ have done 表示對過去的推測(對過去的一種結果的假設或虛擬)
(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本(不)應該做某事,但卻沒有做或做了,含有責備或後悔之意。
例如: —I』m sorry. I _________at you the other day. B
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn』t shout B. shouldn』t have shouted
C. mustn』t shout C. mustn』t have shouted
(2) could have done本來能夠做某事但未做。例如:
Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don』t think we ______ it without you. B
A. can manage B. could have managed
C. could manage D. can have managed
(3) needn』t have done本沒有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意needn』t do則表達「沒有必要去做某事」,時間上應該是現在或將來。例如:
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. B
—Thanks. You ________ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn』t do B. needn』t have done
C. mustn』t do D. shouldn』t have done
(4)would (not) have done本來(不)會發生某事,但卻(發生了)或沒有發生。常用於虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導的虛擬語氣,表示對過去所發生事情結果的假設。例如:
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a goal. D
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
(5) might have done表示「本來可能……」,但實際上沒有發生的事。例如:
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better. D
A. need have done B. must have done

Ⅷ 高中英語語法:情態動詞

你好
http://wenku..com/view/a7cf7e630b1c59eef8c7b4e6.html。這個是關於情態動詞的詳細講解。高中英語語法簡明講專義,簡明列出個語法的注意點,對於應試生而言屬是非常有用的語法補習課!
希望對你有幫助。

Ⅸ 高中英語情態動詞

①只復做情態動詞:must,can,may……
②可做制情態動詞又可做實義動詞:如:need, dare
③具有情態動詞特徵:have(had,has) to,used to, ought to
④可做情態動詞又可作助動詞:如:shall(should),will(would)[
注意
mustn't代表強烈禁止 must表示主觀,have to表示客觀。
美式英語中常用must not 而不用 mustn't. mayn't,mightn't和shan't也很少用
常用
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)

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