㈠ 求初一英語下冊所有重要的知識點或者語法!!
初一的語法知識包括:
主要掌握幾種時態
1,一般現在時
2,一般過去時
3,一般將來時
4,現在進行時
還有幾種詞
1,名詞
2,代詞
3,形容詞
4,動詞
5,冠詞
初一英語語法
一、詞法
1、名詞
A)、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡,orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族,time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉chickens 小雞 water水waters水域
十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:
一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s
二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節
三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如:Mike and Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
2、代詞
項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數 I me my mine myself
復數 we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數 you you your yours yourself
復數 you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復數 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、動詞
A) 第三人稱單數
當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:
一)一般在詞後加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o結尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 現在分詞
當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:
一)一般在後加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying 位於
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下:
一) 一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、數詞 (基變序,有規則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它後接th;y結尾,變為i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞)
c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情態動詞)
e) There』s a computer on my desk. (There be結構)
否定陳述句 a) These aren』t their books. b) They don』t look nice.
c) Kate doesn』t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can』t find her doll.
e) There isn』t a cat here. (=There』s no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let』s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don』t be late. b) Don』t hurry.
3. 疑問句
1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student?b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn』t. b) No, you can』t. c) No, she doesn』t. d) No, they don』t. e) No, she isn』t.
2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small?回答 It』s big./ It』s small.
3) 特殊疑問句
①問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
②問種類What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
③問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
④問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
⑤問原因Why do you want to join the club?
⑥問時間 What』s the time? (=What time is it?) It』s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o』clock.
When do you want to go? Let』s go at 7:00.
⑦問地方 Where』s my backpack? It』s under the table.
⑧問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What』s your favourite color? It』s black.
⑨問人物 Who』s that? It』s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn』t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩問東西 What』s this/that (in English)? It』s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11問姓名 What』s your aunt』s name? Her name is Helen./She』s Helen.
What』s your first name? My first name』s Ben.
What』s your family name? My family name』s Smith.
12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 問字母What letter is it? It』s big D/small f.
14 問價格How much are these pants? They』re 15 dollars.
15 問電話號碼 What』s your phone number? It』s 576-8349.
16 問謂語(動作) What』s he doing? He』s watching TV.
17 問職業(身份) What do you do? I』m a teacher.
What』s your father? He』s a doctor.
三、時態
1、一般現在時表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時,它有:
Be 動詞:She』s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn』t a worker.
情態動詞:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can』t play the piano.
行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don』t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn』t have a watch.
2、現在進行時表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態,結構為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I』m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I』m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. IsNancywriting a letter? Nancy isn』t writing a letter.
They』re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren』t listening to the pop music.
㈡ 初一下英語知識點
1、抄like doing sth = like to do sth 喜歡做某事
2、do sth with sb 和某人襲做某事
3、there be +某物+某地 某地有某物(註:不是人有)
5、there is/are +地點 某人有某物 (這是人有)
6、enioy+動詞ing
7、have/take a walk=go for a walk 步行
8、please+V原
9、to+V原
9、問某人在某地工作:where do/does +主語+work
10、Thank for sb/sth/doing sth
11、be with sb 和某人在一起
12、for+ing形
13、would like sth/to do sth/sb to do sth ( would like +V原)
14、find sb doing sth
15、have fun doing sth
16、動名詞(動詞ing形)做主語時,謂語動詞要用S形
這是我上課時做的一部分筆記,我只學到Unit 11,對不起了,呵呵
㈢ 初一英語下冊知識點
下冊第一課的知識點
1.How do you do?第一次見面
---How do you do
2.It's great to do sth
3.what about ----n/doing
4.play the guitar/violin/piano
5.make sb do sth 使某人做某事
let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
6.like/love/enjoy/hate doing sth
7.if+一般現在時.剩下部分一般將來時(will)
8.When someone is in trouble we mustn't laugh at him.
9.It's the +n beginning of a new term.
三種時態:
一般過去時態
Be動詞過去式的句式。
否定句是在was/were後面加not, was not=wasn』t/were not=weren』t。
一般疑問句是把was/were提前並放到句首,要求首字母要大寫。
實義動詞過去式的句式:
肯定式:主語+動詞故去式+其它。如,They had a good time yesterday.
否定式:主語+did not+動詞原形+其他。如,They didn』t have a good time yesterday.
一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?肯定回答:Yes,主語+did. 否定回答:No,主語+didn』t.如,Did they have a meeting two days ago? Yes, they did. No, they didn』t.
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他?如,What time did you finish your homework?
一般現在時態
當主語是第三人稱單數時,肯定句為:主語+動詞的s形式+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞doesn't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Does+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞does.
註:第三人稱單數用了 does 後面就不用動詞的s形式了,而用動詞原形.
動詞的一般現在時態, 除了第三人稱單數(he she it) 外,其餘都用動詞原形。當主語是其他人稱時,肯定句為:主語+動詞原形+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞don't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Do+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞do.
註:變為疑問句,要在句首加"do" ; 變為否定句, 要在動詞前面加"do not", 可以簡寫為 "don't".
知識點:
1.現在進行時的主要結構
用來表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行的動作和用來表示當前的活動或現極端一直在進行著的動作。
在其句子中一般都會有兩個詞與時態有關:1)表示時間的狀語2)動詞的相應變化。如,I』m reading a book now.在這個句子中,時間狀語now,決定了時態為現在進行時,而動詞am reading也體現了現在進行時。
肯定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
否定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
疑問句:Be+主語+ving?
特殊疑問句+be+主語+ving?
2.ving形式的構成
1)直接在動詞原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing
2)以不發音字母e結尾的動詞,去e再加-ing,如have-having
3)以重讀閉音節結尾的單詞,結尾只有一個輔音字母,應雙寫這個字母,再加-ing。如,begin-beginning
㈣ 初一下英語知識點歸納。
不知道你有沒有耐心看完,加油吧!
一.短語
1.go on vacation go to summer camp stay at home
study for exams Central Park show sth to sb
.help him find his father walk back to… go shopping
the Palace Museum think of have fun doing sth
.bus trip the Great Wall Tian』an Men Square
.a Beijing Hutong make sb do sth
.decide to do sth all day
二.重點句子和注意事項
1.Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.
Where did they go on vacation? They went to New York City.
Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.
Where did she go on vacation? She visited her uncle.
2. Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?
Yes, I/he/she/they did.
No, I/he/she/they didn』t.
3. How were the movies? They were fantastic
4. have fun doing something 干某事有樂趣
= enjoy oneself doing something
We have fun learning and speaking English .
We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .
我們學英語有很多樂趣 .
5. find sb. doing sth. 發現某人在干某事 find sb. do sth. 發現某人干過某事
I find him reading the novel (小說).
I found him go into the room .
6. corner 角落,角,拐角處
in the corner 在角落裡(指在建築物裡面)
at the corner 在拐角處(指在建築物外面或道路的拐角)
My bike is at the corner .
7. be lost 迷路了=get lost , lost (adj.)
The girl was lost in the big city .
8. help sb. (to) do sth.=help sb for sth 幫助某人干某事
He always helps us learn English
9. make sb. do sth. 讓/使某人干某事 let / have sb. do sth. do前不帶to
The movie makes me relaxing .
Let the boy do his homework alone .
10. feel+ adj. 感到...
I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited
11. decide to do sth. 決定干某事
They decided to go to Hainan on vacation .
Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?
一. 片語
1.. TV shows(電視節目)
soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentary a thriller cartoon Beijing Opera
Animal World Tell it like it is Law Today game show
CCTV News News in 30 Minutes Man and Nature
Chinese Cooking Around China talk show Lucky52
Sports news sports show Culture China
2. write an article for the school magazine.給學校雜志寫一篇文章
3. a thirteen - year - old boy.一個十三歲的男孩
4. wear colorful clothes.穿著顏色鮮艷的衣服
5. interview sb. 采訪某人 in fact. 實際上
6. wear scarves. 戴著圍巾 think of 想起,考慮到
二.重點句型
1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.
2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.
3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't like it.
4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.
5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.
三.重難點解析
1. wear (v. 動詞) "穿,戴,佩"。根據不同賓語,翻譯不同的漢語意思。
wear earrings 戴耳環 wear a dress 穿連衣裙wear a watch 戴手錶
wear a beard 蓄鬍子wear long hair 留長發
2. think "想,考慮,思索"(v. 動詞)可以和許多介詞搭配,組成新的意思。
A:think of "考慮";"有...的看法",有時等於think about.
What does he think of Beijing Opera?他對京劇有什麼看法?
My mother always thinks of everything!我媽媽總是想到所有的東西。
think highly of sb. /sth. 對某人或某物評價甚高
Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布萊克先生對他兒子評價甚高。
B:think about "考慮"(指計劃,觀念,看它是否相宜、可行)
He is thinking about going to China.他正在考慮去中國。
3. too與either的區別
too"也",表示肯定意義,與肯定的表達方法連用;而either"也不",表示否定意義,與否定的表達方法連用。
(1)—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜歡踢足球。—I do, too.我也是(喜歡)。
(2)—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜歡踢足球。—I don't, either.
我也不喜歡。
also也可以表示"也",但一般情況下,too和either放在句子之後,also放在動詞之前。
We also love talk shows.我們也喜歡訪談節目。
4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一個十三歲的男孩
此結構中,year用單數形式,且用連字元,這種結構用作定語。
a five - month - old baby 一個五個月大的嬰兒
5. enjoy (v. 喜愛,享受)
enjoy後面接名詞、代詞或動名詞,注意與like/ love用法的區別。like/ love還可以接動詞不定式(to do)。
I enjoy the soap operas.我喜愛肥皂劇。
I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜愛看肥皂劇。
但我們不能說:I enjoy to watch the soap operas.
只能說:I like / love to watch the soap operas.
6. mind 表示"介意,反對"的意思時,通常用在疑問句、否定句中。
Would you mind opening the window?請你打開窗子好不好?
He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一點都不在乎寒冷的天氣。
多用於以下句型:(表示請求或徵求意見)後接動名詞/名詞/代詞。
Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?
7. stand 表示忍受(多用於否定句、疑問句)
He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎熱的天氣。
Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼嗎?
9. What do you think of ...? 你認為...怎麼樣?(談論對某事物的喜好程度)可選擇的回答有:
(1)I like it.
(2)I don't mind it.
(3)I don't like it.
(4)I can't stand it.
(5)I like it very much.
(6)I love it.
(7)It's beautiful.
(8)They're fantastic
Unit 12 Don't eat in class.
一.短語.
1. in class 在課上 2. on school nights 在上學的晚上 3. school rules 校規
4. no talking 禁止交談 5. listen to music 聽音樂 6. have to 不得不
7. take my dog for a walk 帶狗去散步 8. eat outside 在外面吃飯9. in the hallway 在走廊上 10. wear a uniform 穿制服 11. arrive late for class 上學遲到 12. after school 放學後 17. be in bed 在床上 13. practice the guitar 練習彈吉它 14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友見面 16. by ten o'clock.十點之前 18. the Children's Palace 少年宮 19. help my mom make dinner 幫助我媽做飯
二.重點句型
1.Don』t arrive late for school=Don』t be late for school
2.Don』t fight =
3.Don』t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don』t run in the hallways
5.Don』t smoke .It』s bad for your health.
6.Don』t play cards in school
7.Don』t talk in class
8.Don』t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don』t sleep in class.
10.Don』t play sports in the classrooms.
11.Don』t sing songs at night.
12.Don』t talk when you eat.
13.Don』t wear hats in class.
14.Do homework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can . No, we can』t.
Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?
No, we can』t. We can』t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don』t.
三. 重難點解析:
1. 情態動詞have to 的用法,意思是"必須、不得不",它側重於客觀上的必要和外界的權威。(1)結構:主語+have to+動詞原形+其他
(一般現在時,主語是第三人稱單數時,用has to;句子是過去時,用had to.)如: We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在體育課上,我們必須穿運動鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 湯姆每天必須練習彈吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5點起床。
(2)否定形式:主語+don't have to+動詞原形+其他
(一般現在時,主語是第三人稱單數時,用doesn't have to. 句子是過去時,用didn't have to)
如:Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我們不必馬上完成作業。
(3)疑問句:Do (Does或Did)+主語+have to +動詞原形+其他
如:Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必須呆在家裡嗎?Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
是的,我必須。不,我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11點前上床睡覺嗎?
2. 情態動詞can的用法
(1)表示能力,"會""能"(在第一冊中已經學習這種用法)
Can you play the guitar? 你會彈吉它嗎?Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂會說一點中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
(2)表示允許、許可,"可以"、"能"(在這一課中新學的詞義)
Can the students run in the hallways? 學生們可以在走廊上跑嗎?We can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。Can I come in? 我能進來嗎?
注意 同樣是情態動詞,can 和have to 的用法是有區別的,和大部分情態動詞一樣,can在否定句中,直接在can後加上not,在疑問句中,把can放到主語前面,並且沒有人稱和數的變化。
3. hear,listen和sound都有"聽"的意思,但三者是有區別的。
(1)hear"聽說",側重於"聽"的內容
I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了,我很難過。
I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。
(2)listen"聽"側重於"聽"這一動作。Listen to me carefully. 認真聽我說。
The children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽音樂。
(3)sound"聽起來",它是系動詞,後面接形容詞等。That sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯。
It sounds like fun. 聽起來挺有趣。
4. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之間不能用冠詞,bed也不用復數。
He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大衛每晚必須很早睡覺。
5. arrive late for 與be late for 意思相近,"遲到"Don't arrive (be)late for school. 上學別遲到。I arrived (was)late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天開會遲到了。
6. No talking ! "禁止交談!"no後面加上名詞或動名詞(doing)也表示不要做某事。與don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放濕雨傘!
No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸煙!
7.語法(祈使句)
祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、叮囑、號召或者勸告等的句子,這類句子的主語常是第二人稱you,也就是聽話者,因而you常省去了。祈使句的開頭是動詞原形。
如:Look out! 小心!Wait here for me! 在這等我!
Be sure to come here on time! 務必准時來到這里!
祈使句的否定形式多以do not(常縮寫成don't)開頭,再加上動詞原形。
Don't arrive late for school. 上學別遲到。
Don't fight! 別打架!
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。
㈤ 初一下冊英語所有語法
第一單復元:1:一般現制在時句子的謂語結構的表達;
2:一般現在時句子由肯定句轉化為一般疑問句和否定句的方法.
第二單元:1:「There be」句型的基本運用:
2:介詞的基本運用.
第三單元:1:冠詞a an the的基本運用;
2:不用冠詞的情況.
第四單元:句子的種類和運用.
第五單元:1:現在進行時的定義及謂語結構表達;
2:現在分詞的基本構成規則;
3:現在進行時句子由肯定句轉化為一般疑問句和否定句的基本方法.
第六單元:1:現在進行時的運用;
2:現在進行時不同種類句子的謂語結構表達.
第七單元:動詞的種類及運用.
第八單元:1:可數名詞的復數形式的構成及運用;
2:不可數名詞的運用及數量的表達.
第九單元:1:一般過去式的運用;
2:一般過去式的謂語表達;
3:動詞過去式的基本構成規則.
第十單元:1:如何確定一個句子用不用過去式;
2:一般現在時不同種類句子的謂語結構表達.
第十一單元:1:復習不同時態、句子謂語結構運用;
2:掌握書信的格式.
第十二單元:1:祈使句的基本運用;
2:復習情態動詞的運用.
㈥ 初一上下冊英語語法知識點總結
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 21 |
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1) 七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1) 分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from? 一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於---- 2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人 5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目 7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約 8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎 9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動 二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 21 |
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1) 七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1) 分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from? 一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於---- 2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人 5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目 7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約 8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎 9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動 二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday. 14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家 arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank. reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路 go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林 18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street 三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事 I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。 hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。 四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears? 一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals at night in the day every day ring the day 二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting. 3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa. 4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too
㈦ 英語初一語法知識點
Would like to do... 想要做..... 。like動詞,有喜歡的意思。like 介詞,像⋯一樣。be動詞後的like一定不是動詞而回是介詞。A和C選項中答like都在be動詞後面,都是"像⋯"意思。不能回答問題:"你想和我們一起去嗎?"
㈧ 初一英語下冊語法知識點
enjoy doing sth 享受或喜歡做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
It`s+adj +to do sth . 做......是.....的
try doing 試著做某事
ask sb.to do 叫某人做某事
forget doing 忘記已經做過的事
forget to do 忘記要做某事
remember to do 記得要做某事(還沒做過)
remember doing 記得做過的事
let sb do 讓某人做某事
make sb do 使某人做某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事(習慣上的)
start to do sth 開始做某事
start doing sth 開始做某事
finish doing sth 完成....
(一般現在時態)be doing 正在做...
would like to do (表示意願)
spend......(in) doing sth 花費....做...
look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
want to do sth 想要做某事
decide to do sth 決定...
It takes sb sometime to do sth 花費某人多少時間做...
be going to do sth/will do(一般將來時態)將要做某事
Thank for doing sth 感謝做某事take sb to
㈨ 初一下冊英語知識點
下冊第一課的知識點
1.How do you do?第一次見面
---How do you do
2.It's great to do sth
3.what about ----n/doing
4.play the guitar/violin/piano
5.make sb do sth 使某人做某事
let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
6.like/love/enjoy/hate doing sth
7.if+一般現在時.剩下部分一般將來時(will)
8.When someone is in trouble we mustn't laugh at him.
9.It's the +n beginning of a new term.
三種時態:
一般過去時態
Be動詞過去式的句式。
否定句是在was/were後面加not, was not=wasn』t/were not=weren』t。
一般疑問句是把was/were提前並放到句首,要求首字母要大寫。
實義動詞過去式的句式:
肯定式:主語+動詞故去式+其它。如,They had a good time yesterday.
否定式:主語+did not+動詞原形+其他。如,They didn』t have a good time yesterday.
一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?肯定回答:Yes,主語+did. 否定回答:No,主語+didn』t.如,Did they have a meeting two days ago? Yes, they did. No, they didn』t.
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他?如,What time did you finish your homework?
一般現在時態
當主語是第三人稱單數時,肯定句為:主語+動詞的s形式+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞doesn't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Does+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞does.
註:第三人稱單數用了 does 後面就不用動詞的s形式了,而用動詞原形.
動詞的一般現在時態, 除了第三人稱單數(he she it) 外,其餘都用動詞原形。當主語是其他人稱時,肯定句為:主語+動詞原形+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞don't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Do+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞do.
註:變為疑問句,要在句首加"do" ; 變為否定句, 要在動詞前面加"do not", 可以簡寫為 "don't".
知識點:
1.現在進行時的主要結構
用來表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行的動作和用來表示當前的活動或現極端一直在進行著的動作。
在其句子中一般都會有兩個詞與時態有關:1)表示時間的狀語2)動詞的相應變化。如,I』m reading a book now.在這個句子中,時間狀語now,決定了時態為現在進行時,而動詞am reading也體現了現在進行時。
肯定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
否定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
疑問句:Be+主語+ving?
特殊疑問句+be+主語+ving?
2.ving形式的構成
1)直接在動詞原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing
2)以不發音字母e結尾的動詞,去e再加-ing,如have-having
3)以重讀閉音節結尾的單詞,結尾只有一個輔音字母,應雙寫這個字母,再加-ing。如,begin-beginning
以上回答你滿意么?
㈩ 初一上下冊英語知識點包括語法歸納
我這里有幾本很好的書,應該對你有幫助
《英語奧林匹克》競賽專版的。綠色封面,包天仁主編。
《初中英語語法總復習》劉原編著。
《明師導學零失誤訓練》(人教版新目標)。