Ⅰ 小學六年級英語時態
第一句話的意思就是指現在這個商店的狀態是關閉的,主要是指現在商店的狀態,為一般現在時
第二句話的意思是指這個商店上過去的某個時候關閉的,主要是突出這個商店是過去的某個時候關閉的,為一般過去時。
其中be動詞加上close的過去式,這個和時態無關,是一個被動形式,表示商店是被(人)關閉的。
關於時態的詳細說明,如下
時態(Tense)是表示行為、動作和狀態在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此,當我們說時態結構的時候,指的是相應時態下的動詞形式。
英語時態分為16種:一般現在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將來時,以及這四者的進行時、完成時和完成進行時。
1. 一般現在時
用法:
A) 表示現在發生的動作、情況、狀態和特徵。
B) 習慣用語。
C) 經常性、習慣性動作。
例:He always helps others. (他總是幫助別人。)
D) 客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前後文不是一般現在時,則無法保持 主句、從句時態一致。
E) 表示一個按規定、計劃或安排要發生的動作,(僅限於某些表示「來、去、動 、停、開始、結束、繼續」等的動詞 )可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用 。常見的用法是:飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。
例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.
(下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。)
How often does this shuttle bus run? (這班車多久一趟?)
F) 在時間和條件狀語從句里經常用一般現在(有時也用現在完成時)表示將來事 情。
例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成這份報告的時候,我就已經等了將近3個小時了。)
2. 現在進行時(be doing)
用法:現在正在進行的動作。
Ⅱ 小學四年級,五年級和六年級英語的語法、時態有哪些
時態:一般現在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,現在進行時。
Ⅲ 六年級英語作文關於暑假的用三種時態(一般過去式現在進行時一般將來時)求給個範文!在下感激不盡!
二、進行時態 1.現在進行時 (1)表示現在正在進行的動作,常與,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等連用。例如: Don』t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now. (2)表示現階段經常發生的動作, 常與always,continually,forever,constantly等連用。例如: My father is forever criticizing me. (3)表示根據計劃或安排在最近要進行的事情。具有這種語法功能的動詞僅限於過渡性動詞。即表示從一個狀態或位置轉移到另一個狀態或位置上去的動詞。常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。例如: They are leaving for Hong Kong next month. (4)有些動詞不能用進行時,這是一類表示「感覺,感情,存在,從屬」等的動詞。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,appear,(表示感覺的詞);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive(表示感情的動詞);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在狀態的動詞);have,possess,own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示佔有與從屬的動詞);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember(表示思考理解的動詞)。但是如果它們詞義改變,便也可用進行時態。例如: 1)Tom looks pale. What』s wrong with him? (look 在此為聯系動詞,意為「顯得,看上去」) 2)Tom is looking for his books. (look 在此為實義動詞,意為「尋找」) 2. 過去進行時 過去進行時表示一個過去的動作發生時或發生後,另一個過去的動作正在進行,或表示過去反復的習慣,常與always,continually,constantly等動詞連用。例如: 1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered. 2)Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk. 3. 將來進行時 將來進行時主要表示將來某一時刻正在進行的動作,或表示要在將來某一時刻開始,並繼續下去的動作。常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等。例如: 1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema. 2)What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening? 4. 完成進行時 (現在、過去、將來)完成進行時是(現在、過去、將來)完成時的強調形式,將放在完成時態部分講述。 追問: 我要範文啊!!! 回答: 去你媽的,範文沒有,滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾滾!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 追問: 那你發什麼,閑的蛋疼啊!!! 回答: 說你媽逼!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 補充: GUN,想 SI 呢吧 補充: 閑你媽的蛋疼 補充: I am a student of six in a primary school now.I lead a very happy life ring each day.I used to be very shy.Although like this my classmates still were friendly to me.At that time I felt warm in my heart.I used to like staying at home.But now I like staying with my friends.And they helped me a lot with my study.I am the monitor in our class.And I usually get the first place.I will graate from the school.And we will have a trip.I am looking foward to the new days which are coming.There will be a long holiday waiting for me.I will missing the old days very much. 補充: My Winter Vacation The winter vacation has already been on for a few days.Before the vacation,I made a plan for it.I thought I could do a lot of things that I liked to do.But in fact,I have no enough time to do them.Every day I should do some housework because both of my parents have to go to work and they work very hard,so I ought to share some housework.Though I don't have tome to play,I feel very happy whenever I see my parents enjoying the meal that I cook.I want them to be proud of me.In future,I'll try my best to do everything better. 補充: Today I had a good time. It was my grandpa's birthday. Our family went back to his home to celebrate his birthday. My mother cooked many delicious food and we brought a big birthday cake. We got together to have a big family dinner. We gave grandpa some presents and said, "Happy birthday to you!" In the afternoon we went boating in the park. We enjoyed ourselves, and my grandpa had a nice time on his birthday. 今天我玩得很愉快。今天是爺爺的生日,我們全家去爺爺家為他慶祝生日。媽媽做了許多好吃的,我們買了一個大蛋糕。我們舉行了一個大型家庭聚會。我們送給爺爺一些禮物,並說:「祝您生日快樂。」 下午我們去公園劃船。我們玩得很開心,爺爺過了一個愉快的生日。 It was Christmas Day yesterday. We had a Christmas party at school. Many friends of mine came to the party. After we said"Merry Christmas", we began to sing Christmas songs, such as Edelweiss, andso on. Then we told some Christmas stories, such as Christmas Father. Then I danced and laughted with my friends. We all had a good time. When the party came to the end,we said "Happy New Year" to each other. 昨天是聖誕節,我們在學校舉辦了聖誕晚會,我的許多朋友都來參加晚會。我們互道「聖誕快樂」後,開始唱聖誕歌,像「雪絨花」等。然後我們講聖誕故事,如「聖誕老人」等,我們都玩得很開心。當晚會即將結束時,我們互祝「新年快樂」。 It was Christmas Day yesterday. I had a good time with my friends. We had a Christmas Party at school. We sang many Christmas songs and told some Christmas stories. We knew after Christmas the New Year was coming. So we said "Happy New Year" to each other. We made up our mind that we would study hard to make great progress in the coming year. 昨天是聖誕節,我和我的朋友過得很愉快。我們在學校舉辦了聖誕晚會。我們唱了許多聖誕歌,講了一些聖誕故事。我們知道聖誕節後,新年即將來臨,所以我們互祝「新年快樂」。我們下決心在即將來臨的一年中努力學習,以取得更大的進步。 The bell rang and the class was over. The classroom became noisy. Some students went out of the classroom. I was just chatting with some of my classmates when Li Hong came to me. She smiled and said to me, "What's four minus four? Do you know?" "It's zero. That is easy." answered I. But Li Hong shook her head and said "It's wrong. It's eight." "Why? That's impossible!" "You will understand if you cut down four corners of a desk." said Li Hong. "Is that a joke?" "Oh, yes." We all laughed. During the class break, we had a good rest. We often have a pleasant break. 鈴一響,下課了。教室里熱鬧起來,一些學生出了教室。當李紅向我走來時,我正和一些同學聊天。她笑著對我說:「你知道4減4等於幾嗎?」我回答:「等於零,太簡單了。」但李紅播著頭說:「不對,是8。」「為什麼?不可能。」李紅說:「你砍掉桌予的4個角,就明白了。」「這是笑話嗎?」「喚,是的。」我們都笑-了。課間我們放鬆了。我們經常度過愉快的課間。 The bell rang and the class was over. Many classmates jumped up from the seat. The classroom became noisy. Some students went out of the classroom while talking and laughing. Two girls were singing a song on their seats. Some boys were telling a joke loudly. They were laughing together. I was chatting with some classmates when Li Hong came to me. She joined us. Our class break was often full of fun and laughter. We often have a pleasant break. 鈴響了,下課了。許多同學從座位上跳了起來,教室變得熱鬧起來。一些學生說著、笑著出了教室,兩個女孩坐在座位上唱歌。幾個男生正在大聲講笑話,他們一起笑著。當李紅走向我時,我正和幾個同學聊天,她參加了進來。我們的課間休息充滿了樂趣和歡笑。我們經常度過愉快的課間休息。 My Happy Times During Winter Vacation I often go to see my grandma and grandpa ring winter vacation. They are both seventy years old and live in the country happily. I can do many interesting things there. I am used to getting up early in the morning and breathing the fresh air in the countryside. After snow, I would like to skate and ski with my friends. When night comes, I am used to sitting by the fire and listening to grandma telling me many funny stories. And I tell her some new things happening in the city. When I have to go back, I am always reluctant to go. I really feel happy living in the country. 寒假期間我經常去看望我的爺爺奶奶。他們都已經70歲了,住在鄉下。我可以在那裡做很多有趣的事情。我習慣一大清早起床呼吸鄉下的新鮮空氣。下雪後,我喜歡跟同伴們一起滑雪滑冰。夜幕降臨時,我就坐在火爐邊,聽奶奶講動聽的故事。我也會給她講一些城裡的新鮮事。每次該回城時,我總是戀戀不舍。我確實喜歡鄉下的生活。 Yesterday was my thirteenth birthday. My parents had a birthday party for me. I invited my friends to my party. My parents bought new clothes and some books as my birthday presents. How happy I felt when I put on the new clothes! When all my friends arrived, my mother brought delicious food and a big birthday cake. My friends sang "Happy birthday to you!" and gave me some presents. Then we began to eat. It was my happiest day. 昨天是我13歲的生日,我的父母為我舉辦了生日宴會,我邀請了我的朋友來參加。我的父母為我買了新衣服和書作為生日禮物。我穿著新衣服時感覺好幸福。 我所有的朋友都到了以後,我媽媽端上了美味的飯萊並捧來了一個大蛋糕。我的朋友為我唱「祝你生日快樂」歌,並送我一些禮物。然後我們開始吃飯。這是我最快樂的一天。 I am 13 years old now. Yesterday was my birthday. My parents had a birthday party. I invited some friends to the party. In the morning my mother got up early and began to cook. My father helped her with cooking. They were so busy that they had no time io talk with me. When all my friends arrived, my mother brought delicious food and a big birthday cake. My father gave me new clothes and some books as presents. I was moved to tears. My friends sang birthday songs for me and gave me some presents. I had a wonderful birthday. 我13歲了。昨天是我的生日,我的父母為我舉行了生日宴會,我邀請一些朋友來參加。早晨媽媽很早就起床開始做飯,爸爸幫她。他們忙得沒有時間和我說話。 我的所有朋友都到了以後,媽媽端上莢味的飯萊,捧采一個大蛋糕。爸爸送給我新衣服和書作為生日禮物。我感動得眼淚都掉了下來。我的朋友為我唱生日歌,送我禮物。我過了一個快樂的生日。 補充: 求好評 補充: 求好評 求好評
Ⅳ 上周末的英語作文帶翻譯的,六年級水平。要過去時態的。謝謝啦~
我是一名學生,我在學習在高中的時候,我正在學習的前一年,我在中學完成所有高中知識專,後來一個屬月我去大學,所以我很努力讀書了
i'm
a
student
,i'm
studying
in
high
school,before
one
year
i
was
studying
in
middle
school,i
have
finish
all
high
knowlagel
already,after
one
mouth
i'll
go
college
,so
i
study
very
hard
now
Ⅳ 小學六年級上冊英語全部時態
一般現在時,現在進行時,一般將來時,一般過去時
Ⅵ 小學六年級上冊三種時態例句
那麼簡單!!!!!!!!
Ⅶ 六年級上冊英語語法時態是什麼
時態就是就是一個動作發生的狀態,它是在過去發生,現在發生,還是將來發回生。
當然還有更答復雜的(完成進行時,將來完成時等等,這些你都不用學(暫時,因為你才六年級,學了考試也不會考的,這些復雜的時態到初中或高中才會學的))
舉一個例子:I'm doing my homework.我正在做我的家庭作業 ,現在的動作是正在,這就是時態
Ⅷ 六年級英語四種時態和五種代詞
六年級英語四種時態和五種代詞
四種時態:
1.一般現在時 do
2.現在進行時 is/am/are+doing
3.一般將來時 will do
4.一般過專去時 did
五種屬代詞:
1.人稱代詞 I, you, he等
2.物主代詞 my, her等
3.反身代詞 myself,themselves等
4.指示代詞 this,those等
5.疑問代詞 what,who等
Ⅸ 小學六年級上冊英語時態練習題及答案
英語的16種時態
英語共有十六種時態,其表現形式如下(以study為例):
時態 一般時 進行時 完成時 完成進行時 現在 study be studying have studied have been studying 過去 studied be studying had studied had been studying
將來 will study will be studying will have studied will have been studying
過去將來would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying
時態(Tense)是表示行為、動作和狀態在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此,當我們說時態結構的時候,指的是相應時態下的動詞形式。
英語時態分為16種:一般現在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將來時,以及這四者的進行時、完成時和完成進行時。
1. 一般現在時用法:A) 表示現在發生的動作、情況、狀態和特徵。B) 習慣用語。C) 經常性、習慣性動作。例:He always helps others. (他總是幫助別人。)
D) 客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前後文不是一般現在時,則無法保持 主句、從句時態一致。
E) 表示一個按規定、計劃或安排要發生的動作,(僅限於某些表示「來、去、動 、停、開始、結束、繼續」等的動詞 )可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用 。常見的用法是:飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。
例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.
(下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。)
How often does this shuttle bus run? (這班車多久一趟?)
F) 在時間和條件狀語從句里經常用一般現在(有時也用現在完成時)表示將來事 情。
例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成這份報告的時候,我就已經等了將近3個小時了。)
2. 現在進行時(be doing)
用法:現在正在進行的動作。二、用法說明
表示此時此刻或現階段正在進行的動作。如:
They』re having a meeting. 他們在開會。
I』m studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。
表示計劃或安排好了的將來動作,常與一個表示將來的時間狀語連用。如:
Mike is coming home on Thursday. 邁剋星期四回來。
They』re having a party next week. 下星期他們將開一個晚會。
註:表示安排將要做的事,人作主語宜用現在進行時,事物作主語,宜用一般現在時。試比較:
I』m not going out this evening. 今晚我不準備出去。(不宜說I don』t…)
The concert starts at 7: 30. 音樂會七點半開始。
現在進行時與always, often, forever等連用表示贊揚、厭煩等語氣。如:
You』re always interrupting me! 你老打斷我的話!(抱怨)
My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丟車鑰匙。(不滿)
She』s always helping people. 她老是幫助別人。(贊揚)
■現在進行時在時間和條件狀語從句中,代替過去將來時。如:
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise. (from www.hxen.com)
注意:像 be, think, understand, love, have, own, see, hear, find, belong to 等靜態動詞通常不用於進行時。
主 語 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 問 式 第一、二人稱和第三人稱復數以及名詞復數
I am driving. He/She/It is working. We/You/They are doing something.
not driving. He/She/It is not working. We/You/They are not doing anything.
Are you driving?
Is he/she/it working?
Are you/they doing something?
三.現在進行時的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式:
3. 現在完成時(have done)
用法:
A) 表示動作到現在為止已經完成或剛剛完成。
例:I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.
A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell
答案是C) haven't sold。
B) 表示從過去某時刻開始,持續到現在的動作或情況,並且有可能會繼續延續下去。此時經常用延續性動詞。時間狀語常用since加一個過去的時間點,或for加一段時間,或by加一個現在時間。
例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
A) are to challenge C) have been challenged
B) may be challenged D) are challenging
全句的意思是:「雖然牛頓是個偉大的人物,但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰,並且被現代科學家的工作所修正。」challenge是及物動詞,在本句中應當是被動語態;其動作延續到今天,所以要用現在完成時態。可見答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主動語態,不可能是答案。B) may be challenged雖然是被動語態,但意思與全句內容不合,所以不對。
C) 表示發生在過去,但對現在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用點動詞,如:arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
例:John has broken his left leg.(約翰摔斷了左腿。)
注意事項
A) 現在完成時是聯系過去和現在的紐帶。現在完成時和過去時的區別在於:現在完成時強調動作的動態,或受動態的影響,是動態的結果,對現在有影響;過去時只表示過去的某個具體時間里發生的動作,與現在沒有聯系。
例:He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾經在那家醫院工作了8年。這只是講述一個過去的事實,他現在已經不在那家醫院了。)
He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他已經在那家醫院里工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作,一直工作到現在,現在仍在那家醫院工作。)
B) 因為含有for加一段時間或since加一個時間點這樣的時間狀語的完成時,有動態和延續性的特點,所以不能使用終端動詞或瞬間動詞。
例:My sister has been married for 5 years.(過去分詞做表語表示狀態,可以延續)
My sister has married. Don't disturb her.(終端動詞)
C) 在"this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……"句型里要求用完成時。
例:This is the second time that the procts of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.(這是我公司產品第二次參加國際展覽會。)
D) 句型"It is/ has been……since"所使用的兩種時態都正確。
例:It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(從我上次見到他以來已經10年了。)
E) 在"no sooner than"、"hardly/ scarcely ……when"、"before"、"prior to"等句型中,主句要求完成時。
例:I haven't met that professor prior to today.(以前我從未見過那位教授。)
4. 現在完成進行時(have been doing)
用法:表示某一動作開始於過去某一時間,延續或重復地出現至今,或將繼續延續至將來。
例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.(到目前為止,我們一直在處理那個項目,已經花了一個多月時間了。)
注意事項:與現在完成時相比,現在完成進行時更強調:在從過去到現在的時間里,動作或狀態一直持續或一直反復出現。
例:1997年6月四級第45題
It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A) had leaked B) is leaking
C) leaked D) has been leaking
從本題上下文看,這兩個句子的意思是:「看來,這個管道漏油已有一段時間了,我們將不得不拆卸機器排除故障。」第二句表示將要採取的措施。第一句動作發生在第二句之前,並且延續到現在為止仍在繼續。因此,空格中需用現在完成時或現在完成進行時。D) has been leaking是現在完成進行時,因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B) is leaking。由於本句有時間狀語for some time,表示謂語動作延續,謂語不能用現在進行時,必須用和完成時有關的時態。有些考生誤選了C) leaked或A) had leaked。是因為他們沒有注意到本題第二句是一般將來時,所以第一句的謂語不能用過去時或過去完成時。
5. 一般過去時
用法:
A) 表示過去某個時間發生的動作或情況。
B) 表示過去習慣性動作。特別是由would/ used to do表達的句型,本身表示的 就是過去時。
例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上,看著其他的人,一坐就是數個小時,什麼也不幹,也不和任何人交談。)
He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。)
C) 有時可代替一般現在時,表達一種婉轉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。
例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借車用一用,可以嗎?)
Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在這里嗎?)
注意事項:
A) 注意時間狀語的搭配。一般過去時的時間狀語應該是表示過去某個時間的詞或片語,如:yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等,絕對不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用,因為這樣的時間狀語都與現在有關系,應該用現在完成時或一般現在時。
B) used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別:你怎麼寫都正確。以否定形式為例:used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對。
Used to do經常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結構進行對比。前者表示"過去常常或過去曾經",要求加動詞原形;後者表示"習慣於",要求加名詞或動名詞。
6. 過去完成時(had done)
用法:表示在過去的某個時間或動作以前已經發生的動作或已經存在的狀態。就是我們常說的:表示"過去的過去的動作或狀態"。
Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.
A) didn't hear C) hasn't heard B) hasn't been hearing D) hadn't heard
全句的意思是:「到那時為止,他家裡已經有六個月沒得到他的消息了。」由此可以看出,謂語動詞的動作延續到過去的某一時刻才完成,因此謂語要用過去完成時。答案是D)。其它選項中:A) didn't hear,因為一般過去時只表示過去發生的事情或存在的狀態,所以不能與時間狀語for six months連用。B) hasn't been hearing,現在完成進行時表示過去某時刻繼續到現在或現在還在進行的動作,與題意不符。C) hasn't heard,現在完成時表示從過去某一時刻到現在為止發生的動作。而題中的then只表示過去的某一時刻,不能表示現在時間。
注意事項:「過去的過去」這種邏輯關系常通過上下文體現出來,而不一定受某個時間狀語的限制。
例:There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.(剛才有人在我們的房間里,因為我們打開前門進來時,我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。)
分析:雖然時間狀語是just now,似乎應該使用一般過去時,但是「在房間里」這個狀態是在"開門"和"注意"這兩個過去的動作之前就存在的,所以應該用過去完成時。
7. 過去將來時(would/ should do)
用法:表示從過去的某個時間看將要發生的事。
例:I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.(我星期四說我將於第二天拜訪我的朋友。)
注意事項:由於過去將來時是由過去時和將來時組合而成的,所以其注意事項可以參考過去時和將來時的相關注意事項。
8. 過去進行時(was/ were doing)
用法:
A) 表示在過去一個比較具體的時間正在發生的動作。
例:Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.(10分鍾前,瑪麗正在聽輕音樂。)
B) 如果when, while這樣的時間狀語引導詞所引導的主從句之一是一般過去時,則另一個句子常用過去進行時。
例:I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.(你敲前門時我正在洗頭發。)
注意事項:其它與將來時有關的事項請參見下面所講的一般將來時。
9. 一般將來時
用法:
A) 基本結構是will / shall do。
例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我們將送給她一個玻璃的手工製品,作為給她的生日禮物。)
B) 有些動詞,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用於一般進行時,並且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用,可以表示將來時。
例:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我媽媽下周將來看我,並會呆到5月。)
C) 表示「打算去……,要……」時,可用be going to do。
例:This is just what I am going to say.(這正是我想說的。)
D) 表示「即將、正要」時,可用be about to do。強調近期內或馬上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(別擔心,我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查。)
E) "be to do"的5種用法:
a) 表示「按計劃、安排即將發生某事或打算做某事」。
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你准會在實驗室見到她。)
b) 該做或不該做的事情(語氣上接近於should, must, ought to, have to),表示一種命令、規勸性語氣。
例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子們,你們必須 上床睡覺,不準吵鬧。我們的客人5分鍾之內就要到了。)
c) 能或不能發生的事情(接近can, may)
例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎麼可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢?)
d) 不可避免將要發生的事情,後來將要發生的事情。
例:I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.
A. will be attended B. will be attended to
C. is attended D. is attended to
will be attended to關鍵的一點是:attend表示「處理,解決」時是不及物動詞,必須與to連用。另外,從上下文看,事情顯然尚未解決,所以應該用將來時的被動語態。答案是B。
e) 用於條件從句「如果……想,設想」(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)
例:Greater efforts to increase agricultural proction must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.
A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
答案是A) is to be。全句的意思是:「如果要避免食品短缺,就必須作出更大努力來增加農業產量。」
F) 同樣可以表示「正要、將要」的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。
例:The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.(教練想要放棄這場比賽了,因為對方已經射進了7個球。)
例:1999年6月四級第65題
I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.
A) in B) to C) at D) on
答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定片語,意思是「正要、打算」。全句的意思是:「當他的信到的時候我正要打電話給他。」
注意事項:
在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞(immediately, the moment, directly)等引導的狀語從句,一般用現在時代替將來時。強調延續性或動態時,可用完成時。
例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回來的時候,他的身體已經好多了。)
10. 將來進行時(will be doing)
用法:強調在將來的某個具體時間正在發生的動作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(別擔心,你不會認不出她的。她到時會穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。)
注意事項:由於本時態是由將來時和進行時融合在一起的,所以關於本時態的注意事項,可參考"一般將來時"和"現在進行時"的有關注意事項。
11. 將來完成時(will have done)
用法:表示從將來的某一時間開始、延續到另一個將來時間的動作或狀態,或是發生在某個將來時間,但對其後的另一個將來時間有影響的動作或狀態。就好象把現在完成時平移到時間軸的將來時時段一樣。其用法從和過去及現在有關,變成了和將來及將來的將來有關。
例:1997年1月四級第22題
The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.
A) must have lasted B) will have lasted
C) would last D) has lasted
本題考核謂語動詞的時態。全句的意思是:「會議從開始到結束將持續整整一個星期。」句中by the time it ends表示動作要延續到將來某一時刻,因此要用將來完成時。答案是B) will have lasted。如果選A),因為情態動詞must後面接動詞不定式的完成時形式表示對已經發生的事情的一種肯定推測,而本句的時間狀語是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended,所以犯了時態不呼應的錯誤。Would雖可以表示推測或可能性,但would last不能表示延續到將來某一時刻的動作,所以C) would last錯誤。因為D) has lasted是現在完成時,表示到現在為止已經完成的動作,不能表示延續到將來某一時刻的動作,所以也不正確。
注意事項:由於本時態是由將來時和完成時融合在一起的,所以關於本時態的注意事項,可以參考「一般將來時」和「現在完成時」的有關注意事項。
12)將來完成進行時:shall have been doing ,will have been doing
例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. (到下個月底為止,這項工程就已經不停地進行了3年了。)(被動語態)
13)過去完成進行時:had been doing
例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.(我回到家之前,我10歲大的兒子已經把這個舊鍾表拆卸並重新組裝了好幾回了。)(此處強調「拆卸」和「組裝」這兩個過去的過去的動作一直在反復進行。)(被動語態)
14) 過去將來進行時:should be doing , would be doing
例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.(政府承諾說第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。)(此句的時間狀語是具體的將來時間,所以最好用將來進行時。)(此句為被動語態)
15) 過去將來完成時:should have done , would have done
例:I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.(我堅信到那年年底為止,那個軟體的新版本將被開發出來。但是我錯了。)(此句為被動語態)
16) 過去將來完成進行時:should have been doing , would have been doing
例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. (他們說到第二個月底為止,這項工程就已經不停地進行了3年了。)
記得給分喔,謝謝