1. 求取：初三英語全部語法知識
. 一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。
時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。
I don』t want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。
2. 一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。
時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示』寧願某人做某事』
I』d rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：
一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)
注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情態動詞 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
3. used to / be used to
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (過去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現在習慣於散步)
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It』s 69568442.
A. didn』t B. couldn』t C. don』t D. can』t
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看 出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。
4. 一般將來時
1) shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。
The play is going to be proced next month。
c. 有跡象要發生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
5. be going to / will
用於條件句時， be going to 表將來
will 表意願
If you are going to make a journey, you』d better get ready for it a s soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
6. be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排)
I』m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排)
7. 一般現在時表將來
1）下列動詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2）倒裝句，表示動作正在進行，如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3）在時間或條件句中。
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
I』ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等後。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
11. 用於現在完成時的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時.
This is the best film that I』ve (ever) seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影。
This is the first time (that) I』ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
典型例題
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it』s the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時。
注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
（錯）I have received his letter for a month.
（對）I haven』t received his letter for almost a month.
12. 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(現在我仍在這里工作。)
小竅門： 當現在完成時+一段時間，這一結構中，我們用下面的公式轉化，很容易就能排除非延續動詞在完成時中的誤使。
1) (對) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2) (錯) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
13. since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraate student.
被動語態的幾種類型
1）主語句中有一個賓語的被動語態，如：
He saw her in the shop yesterday.
She was seen in the shop yesterday.
2) 主語有兩個賓語的被動語態
Li Lei gave me a chemistry book.
I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei.
A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.
3）主動句中含賓語補足語的句子的被動語態
若賓語補足語是不帶to 的不定式，變為被動語態時，該不定式前要加"to"。此類動詞為
感官動詞：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
We saw him play football on the playground.
--> He was seen to play football on the playground.
若賓語補足語是帶to的不定式，那麼被動語態仍保留to:
Mother told me not to be late
I was told not to be late by mother.
5）情態動詞+ be +過去分詞，構成被動語態。
Coal can be used to proce electricity for agriculture and instry.
6）表示"據說"或"相信" 的片語
believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that… 據說
It is reported that… 據報道
It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 眾所周知
It is thought that… 大家認為
It is suggested that… 據建議
It is taken granted that… 被視為當然
It has been decided that… 大家決定
It must be remember that…務必記住的是
It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.
14. 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1) 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結 果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)
I』ve known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
2) 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"
He didn』t come back until ten o』clock.
他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o』clock.
他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don』t need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
2.---I』m sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現
. 不定式作賓語
1) 動詞+ 不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
舉例：
The driver failed to see the other car in time.
司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。
I happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。
2）動詞+不定式 ； 動詞+賓語+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。
I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡你年使每件東西都保持整潔。
I want to speak to Tom. 我想和湯姆談話。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想讓你和湯姆談話。
3） 動詞+疑問詞+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們如何去做。
There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can』t make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。
注意:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時，謂語動詞用單數。
The question is how to put it into practice.
問題是怎樣把它付諸實施。
2. 不定式作補語
1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel ince inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句：
a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。
b. We believe him to be guilty.
我們相信他是有罪的。
Find 的特殊用法：
Find 後可用分詞做賓補，或先加形式賓語，再加形容詞，最後加帶to 的動詞不定式。find後也可帶一個從句。此類動詞還有get，have。
I found him lying on the ground.
I found it important to learn.
I found that to learn English is important.
典型例題:
The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
答案：A.find的賓語後面，用分詞或分詞短語，起賓語補足語作用。現在分詞表達主動，也表達正在進行，過去分詞表達被動。
2) to + be 的不定式結構，作補語的動詞。
Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以為), understand
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我們認為湯姆是班上最好的學生之一。
典型例題
Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只說明發明這一個事實，不定式後用原形即可。而C為現在完成時，發明為點動詞一般不用完成時，且此處也不強調對現在的影響，因此不選C。
3) to be +形容詞
Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
The book is believed to be uninteresting.
人們認為這本書沒什麼意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
We didn』t expect there to be so many people there.我們沒料到會有那麼多人在哪裡。
注意 ： 有些動詞需用as 短語做補語，如regard, think believe, take, consider.
We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認為湯姆是我們最好的老師。
Mary took him as her father . 瑪麗把他當作自己的父親。
. 不定式作主語
1） It』s easy (for me) to do that.我做這事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
It』s so nice to hear your voice.
聽到你的聲音真高興。
It』s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
當你不用車的時候，鎖車是有必要的。
2) It』s very kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。
Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考慮周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
It was silly of us to believe him. 我們真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們任何東西，這顯得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系動詞如，look，appear等也可用於此句型
2) 不定式作為句子成分時，動詞用單數形式。
3) 當不定式作主語的句子中又有一個不定式作表語時，不能用It is… to…的句型
(對)To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。
(錯)It is to believe to see.
4. It』s for sb.和 It』s of sb.
1）for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It』s very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It』s very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。
for 與of 的辨別方法：
用介詞後面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：
You are nice. (通順，所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)
3) 祁使句（Imperative Sentence）
祈使句往往是用來表示說話人的請求、命令、要求、建議，等等。祈使句的主語常被省略，因為這個主語很明確地是聽話人"you"。當然，有時為了強調或表示某種感情，句子也會帶上主語。
祈使句的謂語用動詞原形；它的否定形式是句首用Don't + 動詞原形，或是Not to + 動詞原形。例如：
Be quiet , please ! （大家）請安靜。
Stand up ! 起立！
Don't smoke in the office . 請不要在辦公室吸煙。
Don't be standing in the rain . 別站在雨里。
Not to be careless when you're driving a car . 開車時不要粗心大意。
4) 感嘆句（Exclamatory Sentence）
感嘆句表示說話人的喜悅、氣憤、驚訝等強烈的情緒。這類句子中，有很多是由What或How引起的。What 用來強調名詞，How則強調形容詞、副詞或動詞。這類句子的構成只需將所強調或是說，所感嘆的對象放到句首；句子無需倒裝，句子要用正常語序。 當然，如果不用這種句型，而句子（無論是那種句子）本身又表示了上述的種種情緒，那麼該句也就成了感嘆句。例如：
What a fine day it is today ! 今天天氣多好啊！
How fine it is today ! 今天天氣多好啊！
What a lovely son you have !你有個多可愛的兒子啊！
How lovely your son is ! 你的兒子多可愛
如果還有什麼不明白 請問我 隨時恭候 我英語今年高考可考了120多啊
2. 英語初三語法知識點
英語語法，本質上不分什麼小學語法，中學語法，大學語法，這樣分都版是瞎搞，誤人子權弟。
我們講中文會分小學語法，中學語法，大學語法嗎？現在有的小學生的語言能力都像大人一樣。小學生一樣看紅樓夢，看水滸。那國外的小學生不是也同樣如此嗎？
推薦華東理工大學的《英語思維：解密英語語法的原理》，該書是國內第一本系統講解英語語法原理和思維內涵的書，是第一本從語言原理層面完整系統的呈現英語語法全貌和完整框架體系的書。該書糾正了傳統英語教育的諸多謬誤，理清了英語學習的脈絡，呈現給讀者一個完整系統的英語語法框架體系。
也可以看同名視頻課程，短平快，十節課真正理解英語語法，適合那些英語語法混亂毫無章法同學，也適合那些英語還不錯，但是沒學透無體系遭遇瓶頸無法突破的同學，看完後，對英語的理解有脫胎換骨之感。
學透語法之後的英語繼續學習，就可以通過精看美劇進行詞彙的學習，聽、說、讀、寫的鍛煉。
利用高效系統建立起來的語法知識體系後，可以欣賞美劇、閱讀新聞，交友娛樂，快樂的享受英語給你帶來的樂趣。
3. 求英語初中三年，所有語法知識，中考知識要點。
初中語法推薦奧風英語的 中學語法法三劍客，系統學習一下，包括 中 考 語 法 完全 突 破 視頻教程，中回考 語 法完全突破記憶大綱和精編中 考語答 法專項練習，視頻教程供學習，大綱供背誦記憶，練習供鞏固應用，學記練三位一全，系統全面，配套完善，故名三劍客。 網路 中考 語法 完全突破 即可找到視 頻教 程，找來自己看下吧。畢竟只聽別人說好不行，最根本的還要適合自己。
4. 求初三英語語法知識要點歸納
簡單句來的五個基本類形：主謂源，
主謂賓，
主謂賓賓
主謂賓賓補
主系表語法的三大原則：
主謂一致原則
意義一致原則
就近原則句子相關：定語從句，賓語從句，狀語從句（時間，地點，原因，目的，結果）時態：
一般現在/過去時
現在/過去進行時
一般/過去將來時
現在/過去完成進（現在完成進行時）語態：主動語態及被動語態
常見八大時態的被動形式常見的情態用法：如can,must,have
to,
should,
may,
could,maybe
may
be
,等。
5. 初中英語語法知識
中學英語語法精典總結 1.sometimes/some times/sometime/some time: sometimes: 「有時」=at times. He is sometimes late for school. some times: 「幾次」I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: 「某一時刻」I bought it sometime last spring. some time: 「一段時間」We have to stay here for some time. 2.need 的用法：1.need可當情態動詞（和can等用法類似，但need只用於疑問句或否定句中）：Need I go now? (need 在一般疑問句的開頭) I needn』t tell you the answer. (否定句中直接在need後加not) 【當情態動詞時，need無時態變化。】 need 可當行為動詞（和want 等用法類似）： He needs a bike. (後可直接加名詞) I need to go over my lessons. (後接帶to不定式) Do you need to have a rest? （一般疑問句中do, does, did在句首） We don』t need to wait for her coming. (否定句中do,does,did提前) 【註：need 後接表被動的內容時，可表達為： The TV needs to be repaired. = The TV needs repairing.】 3.do with 與deal with: 都譯為「處理，對付，安排，應付」 What have you done with the milk? 用what提問。 How shall we deal with this problem? 用how提問。 下面兩句由此而來：Could you tell me what to do with the milk? Could you tell me how to deal with this problem?4.就近原則：常見的有：Either you or Lucyis wrong. There is a dog and two cats in the yard. (there be句型) Not only you but (also) Iam strict in the work. Neither you nor Lucy has seen the film before. 5.主謂一致：One/Neither of you is right. （單數謂語） Tom, with his friends, has gone. (主語是Tom, 單數謂語) This pair of shoes looks beautiful. （主語是pair, 單數謂語） The shoes look beautiful. （主語無pair, 復數謂語） Every boy and every girl has a chance to do it. （單數謂語） The old need to be looked after carefully. The young are energetic. (the 加形容詞表一類人，謂語用復數) Mr. and Mrs Green are from America. 指格林夫婦 (復數謂語) The teacher and writer is an able man.指教師兼作家, 一個人，單數謂語。 Both you and I are excited about the news. （復數謂語） the number of與a number of6.quite/such/really用法之一：如果出現不定冠詞時，常放在後面。 It』s quite an easy question. He is quite a clever boy. It』s such an important lesson.(另見33) Lily is really a lazy girl. 7.部分用what 提問的句型： What size do you want? What will you do with the problem? What』s the population of China? What day is it today? What』s the date today? What』s the price of this one? 8.there be部分用法：1There is only a student taking notes now. There is no need to open the box. There are 20 trees to be planted. 2常有以下結構: there may/will/must/is going to/used to/…be. … 3there be中不可再出現have/has/had(有)的詞。 9.常見表否定的詞或短語:no, not, hardly, few, little, neither, nor, nothing, nobody, none, nowhere等. 有些有時在某些句型中也相當於否定，如without, too…to… without anything, too tired to go any further 但前綴如dis--, un--, in--或後綴如--less,並不表否定。 10.常見後接動詞原形的詞或短語: why not / had better / please /would you please / let / make / 情態動詞，等等。【注意否定形式：had better/ would you please/ let直接加not + 動原；而please加don』t+動原】 11.常見後接動詞ing的詞或短語：finish /enjoy /practice /give up / end up /put off /consider /keep /feel like /prefer…to…/can』t help / be busy /be worth /take turns /miss(錯過) /spend /have fun /介詞等。 12.常見後接帶to不定式的詞或短語：want /hope /wish /allow /encourage /ask /tell /pretend /decide /plan/invite /urge/ advise/warn/ seem /in order (為了) /疑問詞，等等。 另外it作形式主語，後也常有帶to不定式。 【否定：以上大多詞 + not + to do sth】 13.被動語態(be +v.過去分詞)用法：I did it. →It was done. 雙賓:He told us a story.→We were told a story.→A story was told to us. She passed me a pen.→I was passed a pen.→A pen was passed to me. 情態動詞:We can make a plan. →A plan can be made. 進行時態:Tom is writing a letter.→A letter is being written by Tom. 完成時態：I have finished the work. →The work has been finished. 14.名詞或所屬格作定語：1強調性別時a man doctor / two men doctors ； a woman teacher / six women teachers 被修飾詞是單數時，性別也用單數；被修飾詞是復數時，性別也用復數。 2a girl actor / four girl actors a boy player / two boy players a bus station / some bus stations 復數只變被修飾的詞。 3a boys』 team / a gentlemen』s holiday / the Teachers』 Day / the Children』s Day 「復數 + 』s 」作定語，譯為「…的…」 4Father』s Day / Mother』s Day 此處「單數 + 』s 」作定語。 附：and連接的名詞所屬格：Lucy』s and Ann』s fathers are workers. 分別是兩個人的爸爸，所以應分別加「』s」 Lucy and Ann』s father is very interesting. 兩個人共有的爸爸，所以在兩人後只加一個「』s」。） 15.win與beat區別：win後加物：I』m sure Jim will win the match. We won the first place in the sports meeting. 而beat後加的是人：I』m afraid they will beat us. I hope we can beat the boys』 team. (男子隊，相當於人。) 16.it/that/one的部分用法：1it 指上文的某個事物，和上文是同一個。This book is very useful. I will take good care of it. it也可指上文所說的事：My son has lost himself in the computer games. I』m worried about it. 2that與上文所說是同一類，但不是同一個，常指不可數名詞。The food in China is quite different from that in America. The weather of Hainan is better than that of Gansu. that也可指上文所說的事：A: I had an accident and broke my legs. B: I』m sorry to hear that. 3one 指代上文所說的某類可數名詞單數，但不是同一個物。This sweater is too expensive, do you have another one?(也指毛衣，但不是上文那個) 17.at/by the end of, in the end 的區別： 1at the end of +時間點或地點，「在…的盡頭，在…的末尾」 They will have a sports meeting at the end of March. (加時間) He put some books at the end of the bed. (加地點) 2by the end of +時間點，「截止到…末」 若接過去的時間點，常用過去完成時：They had planted six thousand trees by the end of last month. 若接將來的時間，常用一般將來時：We shall finish the work by the end of next month. 3in the end 「最後」，後不加of 短語：They wanted to find a place to rest in, in the end, they saw a village. 18.have gone to/have been to/have been in: 1have gone to+地點「已去了…（還未回來）」-I can』t find those children, where are they? -They have gone to the farm. (去了農場，不在這兒) 2have been to+地點「去過…（原來去過，現在已回）」句尾常接次數或多個地點或before，或句中常有ever, never等。 She has been to Qing three times. I have been to two big cities. Have you been to Dalian before? I have never/ever been to Dalian. I have never been there before. (此短語省略了to) 3have been in+地點，「已在…（多久了）」句尾常接for+時間段，或since +時間點/一般過去時的句子。 Peter has been in China for a long time. I』ve been here for 2 hours/since 2 hours ago. (此短語省略了in) 19.all/whole用法：all (of) the land / all (of) the class / all (of) the students…【all 在定冠詞the 前】 the whole school / the whole country / the whole area…【whole 在定冠詞the 後】 20.a bit / a little區別：都可作副詞，後直接加形容詞和副詞。 I』m a bit / a little hungry. She feels a bit / a little tired. 也可作代詞或形容詞，後接名詞時有所不同： I have only a little drink. She ate a little bread and went out. (a little 直接加名詞) 而下文：I have only a bit of drink. She ate a bit of bread and went out. (a bit 先加of再加名詞) 21.「擅長」與「不擅長」; 「對…有利」與「對…有害」： 「擅長」：be good at / do well in 「不擅長」：be bad in / be poor in / be weak in / do badly in 「對…有利」：be good for 「對…有害」：be bad for 22. 表數量的詞和短語的部分用法：1none / all / some / most / plenty of / a lot of (lots of) 後既可接可數名詞復數，也可接不可數名詞。2many / (a) few / a number of / several只接可數名詞復數。3much / (a) little / a bit of只接不可數名詞。 23.易用錯的副詞：1really可修飾動詞、副詞和形容詞，常在它們前面。I really love reading. I really miss you. (修飾動詞) Tom speaks really quickly. 湯姆說得非常快。（修飾副詞） It』s really kind of you. 你真好。 (修飾形容詞) 2very much常修飾動詞want, miss, hate, love, like, dislike, enjoy, take after(長得像…), move(使…感動), excite(使…激動)等等。常在句尾。Jack wants to go there very much. 傑克很想去那 23very修飾形容詞和副詞，放在它們前面： She is very kind. I am very happy. Peter speaks very slowly. (very不可修飾動詞：I very like English. He very misses you.等類似結構都是錯誤的。) 24.常用於現在完成時的詞或短語：for（後加時間段，句中謂語用延續性動詞）；since（後加時間點或一般過去時的句子，主句謂語用延續性動詞）；How long（對時間段或for與since引導的內容提問，句中謂語也用延續性動詞）in/all one』s life（在某人一生）；in/ring the past/last+時間段 (在最近的…時間內) ；so far（到目前為止）；yet（用於句尾，用在疑問句或否定句中）；already (用於句中或句尾，用在肯定的陳述句中) ；ever；never；just；before(單獨用在句子末尾，常用此時態。但若時間段加before, 常用過去完成時) 以及recently等. 25.形容詞與副詞區別：1形容詞修飾名詞，作定語（劃線部分）： She is a kind girl. What bad weather! I bought a new bike. 形容詞可在系動詞後，作表語(劃線部分)： The girl is kind. His face turned red. It tastes sweet. 2副詞(劃線部分)修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，也可修飾整個句子。 He ran quickly. Please speak loudly. Tim lives alone. 修飾動詞 She is very angry. He felt too tired. I』m so lucky. 修飾形容詞 He got up quite early. She did it very well. 修飾副詞 Unluckily, I failed the English exam. 修飾整個句子26.everyday與every day: everyday是形容詞，後接名詞，「日常的」。He is practicing everyday English. every day是副詞，作時間狀語，「每天」。We speak English every day.
6. 初三英語語法知識
太多了
語法這東西，要長期積累
很固定的搭配啊，句子類型啊，從句類型啊，詞性搭配啊。版。。太多太多
我說幾權個比較好用的
情態動詞（should,can,may等），普通助動詞（do,does)後跟動詞一定是原形
介詞後跟動詞一定是ing形式
做題不會的時候這些很好用的
7. 初三英語語法知識點（只問一個很簡單的）要快
1.
be
used
to
do是被動語態，表示「被用作…」
例如：The
knife
is
used
to
cut
things.小刀是被用作切東西的。
2.
used
to
do是主動語態，意思是「回過去常常答做某事」，表示現在不這樣做了。
例如：He
used
to
get
up
early.他過去常常早起。
8. 九年級英語基本語法知識
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
By是個很常用的介詞（有時也用作副詞），在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種： 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如： Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞，有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如： Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲？ 3.表示方法、手段，可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如： The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激，於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如： One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如：What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用，說明接觸身體的某一部分。如： I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中，表示行為主體，常譯作「被」、「由」等。如： English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。（即「許多人講英語。」） 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」，常做插入語。如： By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下，李平在哪兒。你知道嗎？ 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如： I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如： But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後，越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing，相當於名詞，在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1）★作主語（這種用法常考）
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2）作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎？3）作表語Babysister』s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服，作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法：（1）肯定句：used這個詞沒有人稱的變化，to後面接動詞原形。 否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒？
（2）含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語，而用didn』t ＋ 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙，是嗎？Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的，他吸。/ 不，他不吸。
（3）used to 表示過去的習慣動作， 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
（4）used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用，描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員，但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short. 馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing. 愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法 英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態，人稱和數的變化，其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化：
Unit4
虛擬語氣：如果我們所說的不是事實，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意：條件句分兩種，真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬（非真實）條件句中，才用虛擬語氣，而在真實條件句中，要用陳述語氣。
請比較：
（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好，我們將會去公園。在這句話中，明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的，並非虛擬、幻想，因此是真實條件句。在本句中，適用「主將從現。」
（2）If I were you , I would go at once.
（如果我是你的話，我立刻就走。）在這句話中，條件句，「如果我是你」，但事實上，我不可能成為你，這只是假設的情況，沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小，甚至可以說沒有時，就需要用虛擬語氣來表示，動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時，從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」，引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時，be動詞只能用were，而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦？」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 ：get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時，有如下要點：
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用，又在從句中充當一個成分，因此， 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能，如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時，關系代詞可用who（做主語，賓語），that（做主語，賓語），whom（作賓語），whose（作定語）
3 當先行詞指物時，關系代詞可用that（做主語，賓語），which（做主語，賓語）
4 再定語從句中，作賓語的關系代詞長可省略，但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時，介詞後只用whom，指物時，介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中，指人時，只用who，指物時，只用which。Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種：
1.動詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動詞和副詞之間，也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如：listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞，後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完，耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如：take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時，謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有：
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
Unit 9 When was it invented ?
被動語態
被動語態基本用法：當句子的主語是動作的執行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態。被動語態由助動詞be+過去分詞構成，時態通過be表現出來。
被動語態基本結構：be+及物動詞的過去分詞 (如果是不用物動詞，其過去分詞應帶有相應的介詞)
各種時態的被動語態構成
一般現在時：S（主語）+am/is /are +P.P（動詞的過去分詞）
一般過去時：S+was/were +P.P.
情態動詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.
一般將來時：S+ will+be+ P.P.
現在進行時：S+am/is /are+being +P.P
現在完成時：S+ have/has + been+ P.P.
過去進行時：S+ was/were+being+ P.P.
被動語態基本結構：be+及物動詞的過去分詞
(如果是不用物動詞，其過去分詞應帶有相應的介詞)
被動語態中的be 是助動詞，有人稱、數和時態的變化。
被動語態中動作的發出者或執行者做介詞by的賓語，放在句末，by 表示「由，被」的意思
漢語中含有「據說」、「據悉」、「有人說」、「大家說」等時。例如：
It is believed that …… 人們認為 …… It is said that …… 據說 ……
It is thought that …… 人們認為 …… It is known that …… 眾所周知 ……
It is reported that ……據報道 …… It is proved that ……據證明 ……
It is announced that ……據宣布 …… It is suggested that ……據建議 ……
It is requested that ……據要求 …… It is demanded that ……據要求 ……
典型例題
1、 These eggs ______ in the Gobi Desert by a group of scientists.
A. are founded B. were founded C. found D. were found
此題應該選用D項。從「 These eggs… 」中可知前面的主語是「find」動詞的承受者，而 「…by a group of scientists.」更加證明了這一點，「 were founded」意思為「被成立」，故應該選用「were found」。
2、 I _____ a present by my father on my birthday every year.
A. give B. was given C. will be given D. am given
此題應該選用D項。從「by my father 」中可知前面的主語是「give」動詞的承受者，而 「… . every year」證明了要用現在時態的被動語態結構，故應該選用「am given」。
3、 He was _________ in the open air just now .
A. hearing singing B. heard sing C. heard to sing D. hearing sing
此題應該選用C項。從「He was… 」中可知前面的主語是「hear 」動詞的承受者，而 動詞不定式當中的「hear sb do sth」在被動語態中要加「to 」，故應該選用「heard to sing」。
4、 Several man-made satellites ________ by China in the last few years.
A. have been sent up B. have sent up C. are sent up D. were sent up
此題應該選用A項。從「…by China in the last few years. 」中可知前面的主語是「 send up」動詞的承受者，而 「in the last few years.」意思為「在過去的幾年中」，應該用完成時態， 而不是過去時態，故應該選用「have been sent up」。
5、 Another new road ______in our home town next year.
A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. has been built
此題應該選用C項。從「…next year. 」中可知是將來時態，而前面的主語是「 Another new road」是「 build」動詞的承受者，故應該選用「 will be built」。
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left
1. 過去完成時
(1) 構成：由助動詞had + 過去分詞 構成
否定式：had not + 過去分詞 縮寫形式：hadn』t
(2) 用法
過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了
的動作。
(3) 它所表示的時間是「過去的過去」。
①表示過去某一時間可用by, before 等構成的短語來表示
②也可以用when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句來表示
③還可以通過賓語從句或通過上下文暗示。
When I got there, you had already eaten you meal.
當我到達那裡時，你已經開始吃了。
By the time he got here, the bus had left.
到他到達這里時，汽車已經離開了
典型題例
1、He said he had never seen that film before. Instead,he_____many novels.
A. has read B. had readed C. had wrote D. had read
此題應該選用D項。從「He said he had never seen that film before 」中
可知是過去完成時態，而從「 Instead,」中可以知道與前面的賓語從句是並列的內容，故應該選用「had read」。
2、The train ______ for a while when they got to the station.
A. had left B. had been away C. had gone D. has been away
此題應該選用B項。從「for a while 」中可知要用完成時態的持續性動
詞連接，而從「when they got to the station. 」中可以知道過去時間點以前的事情，應該用故應該選用「had been away 」。
3、A week later, I received a book that I _____ on line.
A. has ordered B. had ordered C. would order D. was ordering
此題應該選用B項。從「I received a book 」中可知與動詞「order 」的
前後關系，應該是在「收到書以前已經預訂了」，故應該用「order」的過去完成時態結構表示「過去的過去」這一概念。故應該選用「had ordered」。
4、The boy told his mother that he ____ ill since he came back from the school.
A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was
此題應該選用C項。從「 …since he came back from the school.」中可知前面的主句是完成時態，但是從「The boy told his mother 」結構中可以知道應該用相應的過去時態，，故應該選用「had been」。
5、When we got to the field, the football match ____ already ______.
A. has started B. had started C. will begin D. is going to start
此題應該選用B項。從「already 」中可知是完成時態，但是從「 When we got to the field」結構中可以知道應該用相應的過去時態，故應該選用「had started 」。
Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ?
1、賓語從句
A.賓語從句：賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語，引導賓語從句的關聯詞有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。
1、連接詞
1)由連接詞that引導陳述句，在口語中that常省略。
eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster.
2)由連接詞whether/if引導一般疑問句，whether和if 常可互換，但下列場合一般用whether.
①介詞後的賓語從句：I'm thinking of whether he'll come.
②與or not連用：I don't know whether I should go or not.
3)由連接代詞what, who(whom，whose)which或連接副詞when, where, why，how引導特殊疑問句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for?
2、語序：
不管賓語從句是陳述句、一般疑問句或特殊疑問句，都要用陳述句語序，也就是說主謂次序不能顛倒。連接詞＋主謂結構
(1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I don't know what's the matter with Bob?
(3).I don't know what's wrong with them?
3、時態：
一般說來，主從句時態要統一。如果主句是一般現在時，從句可根據需要用其它任何時態；如果主句是一般過去時，從句應該用相應的過去時態范疇（也就是用一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。
eg.①Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. ②I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. ③Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
如果從句表明的是一個客觀事實或真理，那麼無論主句是什麼時態，從句都只能用一般現在時。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.
注意：在think後的賓語從句，如果需要表示否定意義，一般不在賓語從句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I don』t think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 誤)
Could you tell me how to get to the park?
請你告訴我怎麼才能去郵局好嗎？中的how to get to the park
是疑問詞與動詞不定式連用，用作賓語，但不是賓語從句，可是
相當於how I can get to the park（賓語從句）如：
I don』t know how to solve the problem. ==
I don』t know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解決這個問題
Can you tell me when to leave? ==
Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告訴我什麼時候離開？
Unit12 You are supposed to shake hands.
should have asked」是「情態動詞＋現在完成時」表示過去本應該做某事，事實上沒有做
I find it difficult to remember everything.
形式賓語 真正賓語
常見的形式賓語有：
find / think + it/them +形容詞 to do sth. 如：
I think it hard to study English.
Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad.
make sb./sth. + adj. 使某人（感到），使……處於某種狀態
（make的賓語之後可跟名詞，形容詞，分詞來充當賓語的補足語）
make sb. / sth. + do …使某人做某事（不能帶不定式符號to）
make it 習慣用語，及時趕到，到達目的地
make of /from./out of
★Make of 原材料製成成品後，原材料未經任何化學變化，仍保持原有性質. 例如： The chair is made of wood. At first people believed that air was made of only one gas.★Make from 當原材料製成成品後，經過了化學變化，失去了原有性質.
make up of 常用於被動結構：be made up of相當於consist of（由…組成） make up from 由…所製造
Unit 14 Have you packed yet?
現在完成時是由「助動詞have（has）+動詞過去分詞」構成。
用法: 1.表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果,常與一些時間狀語,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice等連用,也可以和包括現在在內的時間狀語,如these days, today, this year, so far等連用.eg.I have already posted the letter. (信已經不在我這兒了)
★注意：在這里要注意already和yet的辨析:
★①already通常用於肯定句。 I have already told him.我已經告訴他了. I have already put it in my suitcase. 我已經把它放進我的手提箱了.
★②yet常用於疑問句和否定句。 ----Have you watered the tree yet? 你澆樹了嗎? ----Yes，I have already watered it. 我澆了. ----Have you fed the dog? 你喂過狗了嗎? ----No. I haven』t fed it yet.沒有，我沒喂. 2.表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,一直持續到現在,也許還將繼續下去,可以和表示從過去某一時刻延續到現在的一段時間的狀語連用,即for +時間段,since+時間點/從句, in the last ten years等,謂語只可用延續性動詞.
解析： 1.英語動詞根據詞義可分為兩種,一種是延續性的,一種是終止性的,終止性動詞(也可稱為非延續性動詞,瞬間動詞,或點動詞),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,表示動作的發生與結束於一瞬間完成,不能再延續,所以它的現在完成時不能和表示延續的時間狀語連用,即不能與表示一段時間的狀語,for+時間段, since+時間點/從句連用,也不能用在how long引導的特殊疑問句中.
eg. I've left Shanghai for three days.(×) I've been away from Shanghai for three days.( √ ).
I left Shanghai three days ago. ( √ ) It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( √ )
2.初中英語課本中常見終止性動詞有:leave, go, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, become等.終止性動詞要表示持續時, 可用以下方法:
⑴.將時間狀語改為時間段 + ago,句中謂語動詞用一般過去時.
eg.我弟弟參軍兩年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.
⑵.若保留for+時間段,since+時間點/從句, 或用在 how long 句型中,則需將終止性動詞改為相應的狀態動詞或延續性動詞
★常見終止性動詞與延續性動詞(或狀態動詞)的對應關系如下：
come/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be in/at open-----be open
die------be dead close----be closed become---be borrow---keep begin/start-----be on put on----wear leave-----be away (from)
buy-----have fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over
catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army be a soldier
join the Party----be in the Party be a Party member
→My brother has been in the army for two years. →My brother has been a soldier for two years.
3.現在完成時中been to, gone to和been in/at been to去過某地,表示某人的一種經歷,可以和once, twice, already, ever, never等連用.
4.現在完成時中的 for 與 since
for + 時間段 與延續性動詞的現在完成時連用 since + 時間點/從句
I have kept the library book for a week.= I have kept the library book since a week ago. 5. It is /has been +一段時間 + since 從句.自從某事發生已有一段時間了. eg. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 注意:1.since 引導的從句中動詞用過去時
2.when 引導 的特殊問句不與現在完成時連用.
3.have got,has got 雖然是現在完成時,但have got=have has got==has
9. 初三英語，語法知識，
1 選C 這題有for three weeks表一段時間，動詞必須是延續性的。而go away是瞬間動詞不能與一段專時間連用，所以改成延續屬性的be away, be的現在完成時是has been.所以選C
2. A。 只要延續性動詞可以與一段時間連用。這題只有be動詞表狀態，為延續性類，BCD的動詞都是短暫性的。