海濤英語時態語法第4集視頻

A. 初中英語時態和短語以及語法

（一）be動詞。

1、be動詞包括am, are, is。

2、be動詞的用法。

am → 主語是單數第一人稱（即I）。e.g. I am…

be are → 單數第二人稱及所有復數。e.g. You are… The coats are…

is → 單數第三人稱及不可數名詞。 e.g. Your father is… The money is…

3、否定句式（即改否定句）：在be動詞之後+not, 句子其它部位不變。

e.g. He is not a teacher.

4、縮寫形式。

①主語+be，縮寫be第一個字母為 』，再與主語合並。

e.g. you are → you』re Jack is → Jack』s

② be+not否定形式的縮寫，縮寫not中「o」為 』, 再與be合並。

e.g. is not→isn』t are not→aren』t

③不能縮寫的情況：this is, these are, those are, am not及縮略的肯定回答。

e.g. Yes, I am. (I』m 誤)

5、含be動詞句子的疑問句型轉換。

①一般疑問句：將be動詞提前，其它照抄不變，最後+？，讀升調。（一般第一人稱改為第二人稱）

e.g. The man in the car is her father. → Is the man in the car her father?

I』m a middle school student. → Are you a middle school student?

②一般疑問句的肯否定回答。

肯定回答： Yes, 主語+be. 否定回答： No, 主語+be+not.

e.g. Is he old? Are you a new student? Is your father at home?

Yes, he is. Yes, I am. Yes, he is.

No, he is not.(isn』t) No, I』m not. No, he is not.(isn』t)

注意：①主語必須用代詞回答；②肯定回答不能縮寫；③回答第二人稱，用第一人稱回答。

③特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）。

1) 方法：將句子被提問(即被劃線)的部分改為相對應的疑問詞，然後置於句首，接著再將be動詞或情態動詞提前 (置於疑問詞之後)，其它部分照抄不變，最後+？(即疑問詞+一般疑問句？)

e.g. The man in a red cap is her brother. → Who is the man in a red cap?

I can sing English songs. → What can you do?

2) 注意：①被提問部分不能再寫。

②提問動詞(即提問做某事)，在改句子時注意還「do」，表示做什麼？

3) 相應的疑問詞。

1. 事物 → what e.g. That is a cat. → What is that?

2. 地點 → where He is at home? → Where is he?

3. 人 → who The man is his father. → Who is the man?

4. 怎樣(程度，方式) → how She』s fine. → How is she?

He can go to school by bus. →How can he go to school?

5. 年齡 → how old Our grandpa is 80. → How old is your grandpa?

6. 班級 → what class We are in Class 2, Grade 1. → What class are you in?

7. 數字 → what My phone number is 2212121→What』s your phone number?

8. 顏色 → what color His car is yellow. → What color is his car?

9. 時間 → what time I can get there at six. → What time can you get there?

when I can go with you on Sunday. → When can you go with me?

10. 價錢 → how much The bag is twenty yuan. → How much is the bag?

（二）代詞：

1、代詞的形式

第一人稱

第二人稱

第三人稱

單數

復數

單數

復數

單數

復數

主 格

I

we

you

you

he

she

it

they

賓 格

me

us

you

you

him

her

it

them

物主代詞

my

our

your

your

his

her

its

their

我(的)

我們(的)

你們(的)

你們(的)

他(的)

她(的)

它(的)

他們(的)

2、代詞的用法

①動作的發出者，代詞用主格，(一般在句首，動詞前)。 e.g. He often writes to me.

②動作的承受者，代詞用賓格，(一般在句末，動詞後、介詞後)。

e.g. Let』s ask him. Let』s play with them.

③物的主人，用物主代詞。(即代詞所有格)

形容詞性物主代詞後一定要帶物，不能單獨使用，一般用在名詞前。

e.g. This is their classroom. That is my bike. It is her red coat.

（三）所有格：表示物或人的「所屬」關系。

1、名詞所有格的形式：

① 名詞之後直接+』s e.g. Mary―Mary』s Kate―Kate』s

② 以s結尾的名詞只加 ' e.g. students―students』

2、以上形式一般只用於有生命的名詞，但也可用於表示時間、距離、國家、地點等無生命的名詞。e.g. today』s newspaper; an hour』s walk; China』s city

3、注意： ①表示兩者或多者共有，在最後一個名詞+ 』s。

e.g. Mike and Jim』s room.（共用，用單數）

②如果不是共有，指各有，則各詞都應+』s。

e.g. Mike』s and Jim』s rooms. (各有，用復數)

4、表示無生命的名詞所有格用of短語表示，但注意詞序與漢語習慣不同，形式為：名詞+of+名詞（前者屬於後者）。

e.g. the door of the room. 那房間的門 the picture of my family. 我的家庭的照片

5、注意：有時』s 結構可以轉化為of 短語。（對等）

e.g. his father』s friends → the friends of his father.

the girl』s new computer → the new computer of the girl.

the dog』s name → the name of the dog

但不是所有of 結構都有對等的』s結構。因為』s 只用於有生命的詞。

（四）名詞的數。

1、名詞的概念：名詞是指表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念名稱的詞，

如：teacher, school, morning, thanks, ty.

名詞按其所表示的事物的性質分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。

2、可數名詞。

1）可數名詞是指可以用數目計算是名詞，有單復數兩種形式。

可數名詞包括個體名詞：e.g. apple , student.

集體名詞：e.g. class people

2）用法： ① 單數名詞前可用a, an修飾；

② 之前可以直接用數詞；

③ 之前可用a lot of, lots of，many, some等修飾；

④ 提問其數量用How many + 復數名詞；

3）可數名詞的復數形式： 英語名詞復數的構成有規則變化和不規則變化兩種形式。

A 規則變化：

① 一般在單詞的結尾直接+s； book ― books

② 如果單詞以s, x, ch, sh等結尾，+es； bus ― buses

③ 若以輔音字母+y結尾，變y為i+es； city ― cities story ― stories

④ 以f或fe結尾，變f或fe為ves；wife ― wives knife ― knives

⑤ 以o結尾， tomato — tomatoes； photo— photos；

⑥ 兩個名詞用在一起構成合成名詞變復數時，只把合成名詞的主體名詞變成復數。 e.g. banana trees

⑦ 但是以woman, man等名詞與其後面的名詞構成合成名詞變復數時，裡面所含的成分全部要變成復數。three women teachers

B 不規則變化：

① 單復數同形 Chinese中國人 Japanese日本人

② 只作復數 trousers clothes chips thanks people(人們)

③ 特殊變化：

man―men woman―women foot―feet child―children

3、不可數名詞。

1）不可數名詞是指不可以用數目計算是名詞，它一般沒有復數形式。

不可數名詞包括物質名詞：broccoli. 抽象名詞：work, homework.

2）用法：① 不用a, an修飾；

② 前面可用a lot of, lots of, much, some, a little等修飾；

③ 作主語時，都視為單數；

④ 提問其數量時用How much；

e.g. How much money do you have?

（五）祈使句：

1、祈使句表示請求，命令，建議等，它沒有主語（其實是省略了主語you），

以動詞開頭，動詞要用原形，句末用「！」或「.」，讀降調。有時為了使語氣比較委婉，常在句首或句末加上please.在句末時要用逗號隔開。

e.g. Sit down, please! Let』s go to school.

2、祈使句的否定形式：

一般在句首加Don』t. e.g. Play the piano. → Don』t play the piano.

（七）一般現在時。

1、一般現在時的用法：

①表示現在的狀態或特徵，謂語動詞一般是be。

e.g. They are at work. She is very old.

②表示經常性或習慣性動作，謂語動詞一般是實義動詞。

e.g. We go to school from Monday to Friday.

③表示主語具備的性格和能力。

e.g. I like swimming. Do you speak English?

④普遍真理。e.g. Two plus four is six. The earth goes around the sun.

2、一般時態（一般現在時）的謂語形式。

①動詞be 的人稱變化： （略）

②實義動詞的變化：主語為單數第三人稱，實義動詞應+s或es。

(其變化類同於名詞的復數形式)

主語為其他人稱時，實義動詞不變。

3、一般現在時的句型變化。

1）be動詞的句式：（略）

2）實義動詞的句式：改否定句及疑問句都應藉助助動詞do或does。

(當主語為單數第三人稱時，用does, 同時應將其後的謂語動詞還原形)。

① 改否定句：在實義動詞之前+don』t或doesn』t.

e.g. We go to school on Sundays. → We don』t go to school on Sundays.

He does his homework after supper.

→ He doesn』t do his homework after supper.

② 改一般疑問句：在句首添加Do或Does，其他照抄，最後加問號。

e.g. They speak English. → Do they speak English?

He goes home at five every day.

→ Does he go home at five every day?

③ 一般疑問句的肯否定回答。

Yes, 主語do. No, 主語don』t. Yes, 主語does. No, 主語doesn』t.

e.g. Do they speak English? Does he go home at five every day?

Yes, they do. Yes, he does.

No, they don』t. No, he doesn』t.

④ 改特殊疑問句：疑問代詞＋一般疑問句？(do/does＋其他？)

e.g. I like to eat apple. What do you like to eat?

He goes to school every day. Where does he go every day?

4、often, five days a week, every day, on Sundays, sometimes等表示頻度的狀語通常位於be動詞之後，實義動詞之前，若句子出現頻度副詞，通常用一般現在時。

B. 怎麼練習英語口語

怎麼練習英語口語?首先，我們要知道的是，口語這們技術，更多的是一門肌肉記憶，想要學好口語，周圍的環境是至關重要。就好像小時候我們學習的母語一樣。而你想要學習純正的英語口語的，可以來我們試試阿西吧的外教【點擊領取】，我們一直立志於打造一個完美的學習環境，採用的也是一對一的沉浸式教學，專業的外教老師，更能夠保證你的純正口語。

而想要成功的學習英語口語，這兩個方法是可行的：

方法一，找聲音

尋找那些純正的英語發音，像是英語電影，動畫，故事，新聞，這些都可以，不過我更推薦故事，現在很多年的英語口語成功者都是在這種狀態下學會的，大家同樣也使用，而唯一需要的，大概就是堅持了。

方法二，找一個外國朋友，甚至到國外生活一段時間。

不要覺得這很誇張，我可以很負責任的告訴你，這是學習英語最快，也是最正確的方法。人類是隨著環境而改變的生物，你沒有相關的環境，即使你強行的學習。出來的也只是傳說中的中國英語。所以，言盡於此，想要學習英語的，或者想要選擇英語學習機構的。都可以參考上面的兩種方法。

如果你想要免費獲取全網最齊全的英語資源，歡迎網路搜索：阿西吧官網論壇 。專注於打造中國英語學習資源分享網站。內容十分豐富，包含少兒英語、英語口語聽力、英語四六級、新概念、商務英語等免費資源下載。

C. 初中英語語法大全

1 (see 、 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比較級 and 比較級） 表示越來越怎麼樣
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 贊成某人
5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界
7 along with同……一道，伴隨…… eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹
8 As soon as 一怎麼樣就怎麼樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的東西） eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什麼
12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……歲時 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的開始
15 at the end of +地點/+時間 最後；盡頭；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什麼有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 現在進行時 2 將來時
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能夠…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能夠干什麼 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐懼，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允許做什麼
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應該被允許看電視
23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 為什麼而生某人的氣
25 be as…原級…as 和什麼一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高
26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠離 28 be away from 從……離開
29 be bad for 對什麼有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生於 31 be busy doing sth 忙於做什麼事 be busy with sth 忙於……
32 be careful 當心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什麼不一樣
34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好
36 be from = come from 來自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 裝滿……的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原） 將來時
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長, 善於……
41 be good for 對什麼有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高興做某事
43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處
Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處
44 be in good health 身體健康
45 be in trouble 處於困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣
47 be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的氣
50 be made from 由……製成(製成以後看不見原材料)
51 be made of 由……製成(製成以後還看得見原材料) 52 be not sure 表不確定
53 be on a visit to 參觀 54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎
55 be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊傑
57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 嚴於做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什麼
65 be sure 表確定 66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大腦（老師）
68 be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通過考試
69 be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語
70 be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什麼一樣 73 be used to doing sth 習慣做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早He is used to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺
74 be worth doing 值得做什麼 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句
76 because+句子 because of +短語
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什麼開始什麼
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 兩者之間
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借給……什麼東西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎麼去車站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我幾個周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……為止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 關心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什麼不關心國家的未來
85 catch up with sb 趕上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地
87 come in 進88 come over to 過來
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦法嗎？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考慮做什麼 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什麼不考慮去瀘州？
92 dance to 隨著……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞
93 decide to do sth 決定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的調查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做錯 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意……
99 each +名（單）每一個…eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡 102 escape from 從……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監獄里逃跑出來 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來 105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什麼
106 far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 發現做某事怎麼樣
108 find sb/sth +adj 發現什麼怎麼樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名詞）
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完，被（別人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(頭發被剪了）
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫拔掉了）
114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處 117 get ready for = be ready for為什麼而准備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 從某處得到某物 121 give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物 123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續做這件事 125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上學（用於專業的）go to the school 去學校（不一定是上學） 127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事
129 have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會 130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談
131 have been doing 現在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方）……去過某過地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地還沒回來
133 have fun +doing 玩得高興 134 have sth to do 有什麼事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業要做 I have nothing to do 我沒什麼事情做
135 have to do sth 必須做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什麼事情有麻煩
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(時間)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用處
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 幫助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什麼的看法
145 if : 是否＝wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能准時到達
146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般時態）＋條件語態從句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最後
150 in the north of… 什麼在什麼的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東 ）

D. 初中英語語法

定義
動名詞是一種兼有動詞和名詞特徵的非限定動詞。它可以支配賓語，也能被副詞修飾。動名詞有時態和語態的變化。

解釋：動詞的ing形式如果是名詞，這個詞稱動名詞。

一、動名詞的作用
動名詞具有名詞的性質，因此在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、定語等。

1、作主語
Reading is an art. 讀書是一種藝術。
Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山是真有趣。
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在這種工作條件下工作不是愉快而是痛苦。

動名詞作主語，有時先用it作形式主語，把動名詞置於句末。這種用法在習慣句型中常用。如：
It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 灑掉的牛奶哭也沒用。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 勸說這樣的人加入真是浪費時間。
It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上這種擁擠的車真難。
It is fun playing with children. 和孩子們一起玩真好。
There is no joking about such matters. 對這種事情不是開玩笑。

動名詞作主語的幾種類型
動名詞可以在句子中充當名詞所能充當的多種句子成分。在這里僅就動名詞在句子中作主語的情況進行討論。
動名詞作主語有如下幾種常見情況：

1. 直接位於句首做主語。例如：
Swimming is a good sport in summer.

2. 用 it 作形式主語，把動名詞(真實主語)置於句尾作後置主語。
動名詞做主語時，不太常用 it 作先行主語，多見於某些形容詞及名詞之後。例如：
It is no use telling him not to worry.
常見的能用於這種結構的形容詞還有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。
注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容詞不能用於上述結構。

3. 用於「There be」結構中。例如：
There is no saying when he'll come.很難說他何時回來。

4. 用於布告形式的省略結構中。例如：
No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ).
No parking.
5. 動名詞的復合結構作主語
當動名詞有自己的邏輯主語時，常可以在前面加上一個名詞或代詞的所有格，構成動名詞的復合結構(——這時，名詞或代詞的所有格做動名詞的邏輯主語)。動名詞的復合結構也可以在句中作主語。例如：
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
6.例詞
shopping fishing cycling這些都是很常見的動名詞
二、動名詞作主語與動詞不定式作主語的比較
動詞不定式和動名詞都可以用作主語。在意義上相近。但動名詞多用來表示泛指或抽象動作，不定式多用來表示特指或具體動作。比較：
Smoking is not good for health.
It is not good for you to smoke so much.

注意：
1)在口語中，用動名詞作主語位於句首的較不定式多見。
2)在「It is no use...」，「It is no good...」，「It is fun...」，「It is a waste of time...」等句型中，通常用動名詞作真實主語：
It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that.
*It is no use/good/a waste of time to talk about that.

3)在疑問句中，通常用動名詞的復合結構，而不用不定式的復合結構作主語：
Does your saying that mean anything to him?
*Does for you to say that mean anything to him?

4)在「There be」句型中，只能用動名詞，而不能用不定式作主語：
There is no telling what will happen.
It is impossible to tell what will happen.

5)當句子中的主語和表語都是非限定動詞時，要遵循前後一致的原則，主語和表語在形式上要求統一：
Seeing is believing.
*To see is to believe.

2、作賓語
（1）作動詞的賓語
某些動詞後出現非限定性動詞時只能用動名詞作賓語，不能用不定式。常見的此類動詞有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can』t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如：
They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他們繼續走，說個不停。
I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海灘上走真是樂事。

（2）作介詞的賓語
We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我們正考慮為下學期制定新的計劃。
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我們休息呢還是開始幹活？

（3）作形容詞的賓語
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 這種曲子很值得多聽幾遍。
We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我們正為馬上到來的運動會忙著做准備。

3、作表語
動名詞作表語時句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的名詞或what引導的名詞性從句。表語動名詞與主語通常是對等的關系，表示主語的內容，主語、表語可互換位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任務就是擦窗戶。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)

4、作定語
動名詞作定語往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。如：
a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading
a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping

二、動名詞的邏輯主語
帶有邏輯主語的動名詞稱為動名詞的復合結構。當動名詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致時，要在動名詞之前加上物主代詞或名詞所有格，這便構成了動名詞的復合結構。其中物主代詞（名詞所有格）是邏輯上的主語，動名詞是邏輯上的謂語。動名詞復合結構在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等，分別相當於一個主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句。如：

Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他來幫忙鼓舞了我。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.)
Jane』s being careless caused so much trouble. 簡這么粗心惹來了不少麻煩。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)
What』s troubling them is their not having enough food. 煩擾他們的是食物不足。 (=What』s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)

在口語中，如果動名詞復合結構作賓語，其中的物主代詞常用人稱代詞賓格，名詞所有格常用名詞普通格來代替，但在句首作主語時不能這樣來代替。如：
Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的電腦介意嗎？
The father insisted on his son』s/his son going to college. 爸爸堅決要求兒子上大學。
Mary』s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 瑪麗病了，使她媽媽很著急。
His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽煙使他一家人非常生氣。

在下列情況下動名詞的邏輯主語必須用名詞的普通格或人稱代詞賓語：
a.無命名詞
The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 這個嬰兒被猛烈的關門聲吵醒。
b. 有生命名詞但表示泛指意義
Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你聽說過婦女練拳擊嗎？
c. 兩個以上的有生命名詞並列
Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你記得你父母和我都告訴過你這事嗎？

三、動名詞的時態和語態
動名詞的時態和語態如下：

時態
主動語態
被動語態

一般式
writing
being written

完成式
having written
having been written

其否定形式是在doing前加上not

1、動名詞一般式表示的動作通常是一般性動作，即不是明確地發生在過去、現在或將來的動作，或是與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生的動作。如：
I hate talking with such people. 我討厭與這樣的人說話。
Being careless is not a good habit. 粗心不是一個好習慣。

2、動名詞的完成式表示的動作發生在謂語動詞動作之前。如：
I don』t remember having met him before. 我記不得以前見過他。
Thank you for having taking so much trouble to help. 謝謝你費力幫忙。

3、動名詞的邏輯主語同時也是動名詞動作的承受者，動名詞用被動語態。
（1）它的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發生，或在其前發生。如：
I don』t like being laughed at in public. 在公共場合下，我不喜歡被別人嘲笑。

（2）它的完成式表示的動作發生在謂語動詞之前。如：
I am very pleased at your having been honoured with a medal. 我很高興你能獲得這樣的獎牌。

（3）在某些動詞，我們常用動名詞的一般式表示完成式，盡管動作發生在謂語動詞動作之前，這似乎是一種強大的習慣。如：
Excuse me for being late. 我來晚了請你原諒。
I don』t remember ever meeting somewhere. 我記不得原來在什麼地方見過。
Thank you for giving us so much help. 謝謝給我們這么大的幫助。

（4）在多數情況下都避免使用動名詞被動語態完成式，而用一般式代替，以免句子顯得累贅，尤其是在口語中。如：
I forget once being taken (having been taken ) to the city zoo. 我曾被帶到過這個動物園，可我忘了。

（5）動名詞被動語態一般式與現在分詞被動語態一般式同形，但無進行意義，being不可省略。如：
She is afraid of being taken to the public. 她怕被領到大眾面前。

四、常見題型：
1） 動名詞做主語時，謂語動詞為單數
2） 在動名詞和不定式中，作為介詞的賓語是動名詞
3） 動名詞的否定直接在其前加否定詞，通過代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語
例：
I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.
A．you to call B．you call C．you calling D．you』re calling（Key：C；換成your calling也對）
4） 有些詞後只能接動名詞
admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can』t help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
5） 另外還有一些接-ing形式的常用說法
it』s no good; it』s no/little/hardly any/ use; it』s not/hardly/scarcely use; it』s worthwhile; spend money/time; there』s no; there』s no point in; there』s nothing worse than; what』s the use/point...
6） 有些詞後面加不定式和動名詞均可
remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean後面均可用不定式和-ing形式，但意義截然不容。
例：
remember to do/doing：
①I remembered to post the letters.（指未來/過去未來將要做的動作）
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.（我記得做過這個動作）
forget與remember的用法類似。
regret的用法：
①I regret to inform you that…（我很遺憾地通知你……）
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.（為了「二十年前的離開」而遺憾。）
try to（努力）與try +–ing（試驗）：
①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day.

五、動名詞與現在分詞的同與不同
動名詞它在形式上與現在分詞相同，都是在動詞原形的詞末加-ing。在現代語法中，這兩種形式同視為"-ing形式"。 這兩種形式的另一個相同之處是：它們都是由動詞變化而成的，它們都保留了動詞的某些特徵，它們都能帶自己的賓語、狀語，而構成動名詞短語或是現在分詞短語去擔當句子成分。例如：
Speaking in the public , he will surely be very cheerful .
（現在分詞短語，作狀語）他在公眾場所講話時總是興高采烈的。
She hates speaking in the public.
（動名詞短語，作賓語）她不喜歡在公眾場所講話。

區別：
1､動名詞和現在分詞都可以用於系動詞之後作表語,區別方法是:
①作表語的動名詞與主語指的是同一件事,此時系動詞相當於「是」,通常把主語和表語的位置互換,語法和意思不變,例如:
My hobby is swimming.可改為Swimming is my hobby.(可將原句中的主語與表語位置互換)

②現在分詞作表語主要用以說明主語的性質,不能與主語互換位置,例如:
The story is interesting .不可改為:Interesting is the story.

2､動名詞和現在分詞都可以用作定語來修飾名詞,兩者的區別在於:
動名詞修飾名詞時主要表示該名詞的用途,而現在分詞修飾名詞時性質､狀態或動作等｡試比較:
①a swimming boy和a swimming suit
前者的意思是「一個正在游泳的男孩」,即a boy who is swimming ,現在分詞swimming 表示被修飾名詞boy的動作;而後者的意思是「游泳衣」,即a suit for swimming , 動名詞swimming表示suit 的用途｡

②a sleeping child 和 a sleeping car
前者的意思是「一個正在睡覺的孩子」,即a child who is sleeping ,現在分詞sleeping 表示被修飾名詞 child 正處於的狀態;而後者的意思是「卧車(被用來睡覺的車廂)」,即 a car which is used for sleeping ,動名詞 sleeping 表示car 的用途｡
被動語態
一、 被動語態的用法：

1. 一般現在時的被動語態構成：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞

Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

I am asked to study hard.

Knives are used for cutting things.

2. 一般過去時的被動語態構成：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞

A new shop was built last year.

Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.

3. 現在完成時的被動語態構成：has / have + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞

This book has been translated into many languages.

Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.

4. 一般將來時的被動語態構成：will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞

A new hospital will be built in our city.

Many more trees will be planted next year.

5. 含有情態動詞的被動語態構成：情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞

Young trees must be watered often.

Your mistakes should be corrected right now.

The door may be locked inside.

Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.

6. 現在進行時的被動語態構成：am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞

Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→

My bike is being repaired by Tom now.

They are planting trees over there. →

Trees are being planted over there by them.

7. 不定式的被動語態：to + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞

There are two books to be read. →

There are twenty more trees to be planted.

二、 怎樣把主動語態改成被動語態?

把主動語態改為被動語態非常簡單，可以遵循以下幾個步驟：

1. 先找出謂語動詞；

2. 再找出謂語動詞後的賓語；

3. 把賓語用作被動語態中的主語；

4. 注意人稱、時態和數的變化。

例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.

2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.

3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far.

4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now.

6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.

三、 使用被動語態應注意的幾個問題：

1. 不及物動詞無被動語態。

What will happen in 100 years.

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2. 有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。

This pen writes well.

This new book sells well.

3. 感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態中不帶to ，但變為被動語態時，須加上to 。

例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something

see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4. 如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態時，直接賓語(物)作主語，那麼動詞後要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定,或是間接賓語加被動語態再加只接賓語。

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. 或是I was given a book by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. 或是i was shown a ticket by him.

My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 或是Lwas bought a new bike by my father.

5. 一些動詞短語用於被動語態時，動詞短語應當看作一個整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。

We can』t laugh him. →He can』t be laugh by us.

He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.

The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.</CA>

E. 求英語高手人工翻譯三段話 注意時態和語法！別拿在線翻譯糊弄人哦，那都沒時態

I love to watching happy camp Every Saturday, I like the host wich is hejiong(何炅）, he cultural level is high,Also his reaction capacity is good,his the most important host in happy camp. Then I also like XieNa, her wacky and savage really attracted me, she made most of the punchline
. Finally, there are clever d jia, lovely WuXin, silly HAITAIO海濤,
給你翻譯了一半下面太懶了 呵呵 我也超喜歡看快本！版！！！！！ 最喜歡何炅和謝娜權！！ 每個星期我還會逼我同學看！！