1. 初二所有英語語法的整理
反義疑問句(The Disjunctive Question)又叫附加疑問句。它表示提問人的看法,沒有把握,需要對方證實。反義疑問句由兩部分組成:前一部分是一個陳述句,後一部分是一個簡短的疑問句,兩部分的人稱時態應保持一致。
1. 陳述部分肯定式+疑問部分否定式
2. 陳述部分否定式+疑問部分肯定式
They work hare, don』t they?
She was ill yesterday, wasn』t she?
You didn』t go, did you?
He can』t ride a bike, can he?
請注意以下句型的反義疑問句的用法:
1. 當陳述部分的主語是I , everyone, everything, nobody 時,後面的疑問句應表示為:
I am a student, aren』t I
Everyone is in the classroom, aren』t they?
Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn』t it?
Nobody will go, will they?
2. 當陳述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定詞時,後面的疑問句則表示為:
There are few apples in the basket, are there?
He can hardly swim, can he?
They seldom come late, do they?
3. 當陳述部分是I think 加從句時,疑問句應和從句的人稱時態保持一致。
I think chickens can swim, can』t they?
I think Lucy is a good girl, isn』t she?
I didn't think he was happy, was he?
4. 陳述部分有had better 時,疑問句應用hadn』t開頭:
you』d better get up early, hadn』t you?
5. 當陳述部分是祈使句時,疑問句要根據語氣來表達:
Let』s go out for a walk, shall we?
Let us go our for a walk, will you?
Turn on the radio, will you?
6. 反義疑問句的回答用yes, no, 但是,當陳述部分是否定形式時,回答要按事實。如:
They don』t work hard, do they? 他們不太努力工作,是嗎?
Yes, they do. 不, 他們工作努力。/No, they don』t. 對, 他們工作不努力。
一、反意疑問句的一般情況
1.當陳述部分的主語是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代詞時,附加疑問句的主語非正式文體中往往they用。(也可以按語法一致原則用單數。)
2.當陳述部分以one不定代詞做主語時,附加問句的主語在正式常場用one,非正式場合用he。
3.當陳述部分的主語是不定式、動名詞、從句、this或that,附加疑問句的主語用it。(是those, these則用they)
4.當陳述部分的主語是表示物的不定代詞everything, anything, nothing等,附加問句的主語用 it。
5.陳述部分帶有否定詞或半否定詞,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑問句的動詞要用肯定形式。
6.如果陳述部分中的否定詞僅帶有否定的前綴或後綴,那麼該陳述句應作肯定句處理,附加疑問句應用否定形式。
二、常見句型的反意疑問句
7.當陳述部分是there be 存在句型時,附加疑問句的主語也用there。
8.感嘆句的附加疑問句,其謂語要求用否定句。
9.祈使句後面的附加疑問句問題
A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑問句只能用will you。
B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑問句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let開頭的祈使句要注意:
1.Let』s 在意義上包含談話的對方在內,表示提出建議或徵求對方意見,其反意疑問句往往用shall we。
2. Let us 在意義上一般不包含談話的對方在內,表示請求對方允許做某事的含義,let 有allow的意思。附加疑問部分用will you。
3. Let me 開頭表示請求,附加疑問句用will you,或用may I。
三、復合句的反意疑問句
10.當陳述部分是一個(帶that引導賓語從句的)主從復合句時,附加疑問句的主謂要和主句的主謂保持對應關系。但是, 當陳述部分的主語是:I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等結構時,附加疑問句的主語和謂語要和從句的主語,謂語保持一致關系。而且要注意到否定的轉移問題。
11.當陳述部分是I』m sure that,;we are sure;I』m afraid that;We are sure that;I feel sure that 等後面跟賓語從句時,反意疑問句與後面的賓語從句一致。
12.當陳述部分是並列句時,附加疑問句的主謂語要和離它最近的句子的主謂保持對應關系。
四、關於情態動詞的反意疑問句
13.陳述部分中有have一詞,且表示「所有」含義時,附加疑問句部分既可用have也可用do。
14.陳述部分中有have to,附加疑問句部分用do。
15.含有ought to 的反意疑問句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
16.陳述部分有used to,附加疑問句部分可用used 也可以用did 。
17.陳述部分有needn』t時,附加疑問句部分用need但有時也可用must。
18. 陳述部分有must,且表示「必須」時,附加疑問句部分用mustn』t,如果表示「必要」則用needn』t。
19.陳述部分中是mustn』t表示「禁止」時,附加疑問句部分用must。
陳述部分中的must表示「一定」、「想必」等推測意義時,附加疑問句部分而是根據陳述部分的謂語動詞或其助動詞來定。
20.陳述部分是I wish, 表示詢問或徵求意見,附加疑問部分用may I。
21.弄清陳述句中的』d rather = would rather;』d better = had better附加疑問句部分前者用would,後者用had。
其它特殊結構的反意疑問句
22.陳述部分的主語是each of...結構時,附加疑問句在強調整體時用they,當作個別時用he。
23.陳述部分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做並列主語,附加疑問部分根據其實際邏輯意義而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
24.陳述部分是:I』m ....結構,附加疑問句一般用aren』t I?
25. 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
26. 陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
27. 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
28. 帶情態動詞dare或need的反意疑問句,疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
當dare, need 為實義動詞時,疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
2. 人教版初二英語第二單元知識點和語法
Unit 2 What's the matter?
重點語法:詢問別人如何感覺
了解人體器官和部位的英文名稱
了解一些常見病的英文名稱
告訴別人應該怎樣做和不應該怎樣做
例句:A: What's the matter?(怎麼了?)
B: I'm not feeling well.(我感覺不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。)
A: When did it start?(什麼時候開始的?)
B: About two days ago.(大約兩天前開始的。)
A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦,這很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你應該躺下休息。)
B: Yes, I think so.(是的,我是這么認為的。)
A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康復。)
重點短語: have a cold 患感冒
shouldn't = should not
be stressed out 緊張的;有壓力的
a few 有些;幾個(針對可數名詞)
a little [bit] 有些;幾個(針對不可數名詞)
at the moment 此刻;現在
What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the problem? 怎麼了?
lie down and rest 躺下休息
see a doctor 看病
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
listen to 聽
for example 舉個例子
be good for 對……有益
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事(對某人來說)……(加形容詞)
get tired 感到疲倦
stay healthy 保持健康
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人
need to do sth. 需要做某事
3. 初二英語語法重點是什麼
. 初二語法重點: 人稱代詞
主格: I we you she he it they
賓格: me us you her him it them
形容詞性物主代詞:my our your her his its their
名詞性物主代詞: mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容詞和副詞的比較級
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞後+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音節詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最後一個字母,再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變i,再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規則變化:
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可數詞的復數形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可數名詞(單復數形式不變)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
5. 縮略形式
I』m = I am you』re = you are she』s = she is he』s = he is
it』s = it is who』s =who is can』t =can not isn』t=is not etc
6. a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
7. Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示時間: at six o』clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8. 基數詞和序數詞
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9. Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10. be 動詞
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑問句: Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren』t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren』t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn』t.
11. there be 結構
肯定句: There is a …
There are …
一般疑問句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn』t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren』t.
否定句: There isn』t …. There aren』t….
12. 祈使句
Sit down please
Don』t sit down, please.
13. 現在進行時.通常用「now」.
形式: be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14 一般現在時。通常用 「usually, often, every day, sometimes」。
形式:
肯定句:
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day
初二下學期要接觸到得語法點:1.過去進行時;
2.using adjectives;
3.直接引語改間接引語;
4.using although and though;
5.object clauses with that after know, think, believe, etc.
6.if 的從句
4. 初二英語主要語法,越詳細越好。很急!!!
這一部分歸納一些易混易錯的詞彙用法:
1、each和every這兩個都是形容詞時用法基本一樣,都修飾其後的單數名詞,只不過each強調個體,every更注重整體概念。所修飾的名詞做主語時謂語動詞為單數。注意each還是代詞,構成短語eachof+名詞或代詞(復數形式),every沒有這種用法,因為它只是形容詞。例:
Hegaveeachofusanicepresent.★each是形容詞還有一個用法,那就是修飾side時,當修飾表兩邊的名詞side時,指的是兩邊的任何一邊,同樣的用法有:
oneachsideoftheroad=oneithersideoftheroad=onbothsidesoftheroad
2、anumberof和thenum鄄berof
anumberof和alotof的用法接近,意為「大量的」,相當於一個形容詞修飾其後的復數名詞,另一個形式是numbersof。
.很多人英語說得好。
thenumberof是不可數名詞number的用法,of…是number的定語,意為:「…的數量」,of後邊加可數或不可數名詞。thenumberof…做主語時謂語動詞為單數。
例:.五班的學生人數是56。
3、
sometimes和sometime是副詞,
sometime和sometimes是time構成
的短語。
sometimes———表頻率的副詞,意為「有時」,常用在一般現在時中。例:
Shesometimesgoestobedlate.sometime———不定副詞,意為「某
個時候」,和表將來或過去的時間狀語連用,如:
.下周的某個時候他回來。
IsawMarysometimeyesterday.昨
天的某個時候我看見Mary了。
time是不可數名詞時當「時間」講,可數名詞時當「次數」講。sometime意為「一些時間」,sometimes意為「一些次」。
4、none和noonenone意為「沒有人或沒有物」,指三者以上,反義詞是all。常與of構成短語「noneof…」,做主語時謂語動詞可以是單數(一個都不),也可為復數(全都不)。
Noone相當於nobody,意為「沒有人」,只指人不指物,沒有of短語。用who,what提問的句子分別用noone(no-body),nothing來回答,用howmany,howmuch提問用none來回答。例如:---Wholivesinthenexthouse?---______.A、None
B、NoC、Not
D、Noone---Howmanystudentsarethere
inyourclassroomnow?---______.A、None
B、NoC、NothingD、Noone根據以上講解不難找出它們的答案:D和A。
5、副詞的用法副詞主要有三類用法,都很重要,必須掌握。
(1)副詞修飾其後的形容詞或副詞,來加強程度。
常用的有:very,too,so,quite,rather,
just等,常被考的有even,enough,much。
alittle這個短語也可相當於一個副詞起這樣的作用。
★even除了修飾形容詞和副詞的原級之外,常修飾它們的比較級,如:evenworse。
★enough特殊在於它在所修飾的形容詞和副詞之後,如:fastenough或healthyenough。
★much只修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級,如:muchbetter,muchmoreim-portant。
(2)副詞修飾其前的行為動詞,意為「……地(做)」。
同學們在「詞型轉換,四選一的完型填空和綜合填空」這三類題型中遇到副詞修飾其前行為動詞的判斷能力的考查最多。哪些副詞有這樣的用法要在平時的學習和練習中不斷積累。例如:Pleasegetupearlytomorrow.…早(早地)起床
「Whydoyousayso?」askedMrSmithangrily.…生氣地問
(3)表頻率、狀態或時間的副詞,常放在句中,也可在前或後。
這類副詞有:always,sometimes,usually,often,never,just,almost,hardly,still等,如:.副詞在句中的
位置是:助動詞之後,行為動詞前。除了以上主要用法之外,還有表疑問的副詞when,where,why,how;表相關地點或方向的副詞here,there,in-
side,outside,far等;表時間的ago,soon,
now,long,already,just,yet,ever,before,
today等。
熱身訓練1、It』sraining_______.Wehaveto
.A、badly
B、hardlyC、stronglyD、heavily2、We』ve______finishedthefinalexams.Let』shaveawonderfulday.A、just
B、neverC、ever
D、yet3、LinTaodidrather______in
therace.Jimdideven______.A、good,betterB、badly,morebadlyC、well,worstD、badly,worse4、It』squitecoldnow,butsheis______wearingashortskirt.A、already
B、everC、yet
D、still5、「Pleasekeep______intheli-
brary,」thelibrariansaidtous______.A、quiet,quietB、quietly,quietlyC、quietly,quietD、quiet,quietly
解題思路及答案第一題選D。修飾行為動詞rain,表「雨下得大」的固定搭配。
第二題選A。never,ever和yet能用在肯定句的只有ever,意為「曾經」,與題意不符。
第三題選D。副詞修飾謂語動詞did,而且又被其前的副詞rather和even修飾來加強程度,rather只修飾原級,even常修飾比較級,badly的比較級是worse,符合以上要求的只有D。
第四題選D。A、B、C都是用在現在完成時中的副詞,still常用在句中,表持續。
第五題選D。keep是系動詞後加形容詞,然後是副詞修飾行為動詞
said。
5. 深圳八年級英語上第二課的語法是什麼
八年級上英語語法點滴
1) leave的用法
1.「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什麼時候離開上海的?
2.「leave for+地點」表示「動身去某地」。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五,愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.「leave+地點+for+地點」表示「離開某地去某地」。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你為什麼要離開上海去北京?
2) 情態動詞should「應該」學會使用
should作為情態動詞用,常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等,有「竟會」的意思,例如:
How should I know? 我怎麼知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什麼來得這么晚?
should有時表示應當做或發生的事,例如:
We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點:
1. 用於表示「應該」或「不應該」的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。
2. 用於提出意見勸導別人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服,你最好去看醫生。
3. 用於表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞,都可以指人或事物,但是what僅用來詢問職業。如:
What is your father? 你父親是干什麼的?
該句相當於:
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如:
---Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背後的那個男孩。
2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物沒有范圍的限制;而 Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范圍的限制。如:
What color do you like best? (所有顏色)
你最喜愛什麼顏色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范圍)
你最喜愛哪一種顏色?
3. what 與 which 後都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如:
Which pictures are from China?
哪些圖片來自中國?
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些:
always(總是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,經常)
sometimes(有時候)
never(從不)
2.頻度副詞的位置:
a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞後面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.
大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天經常在7:10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾,用來表示強調。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有時我步行回家,有時我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時,主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如:
Never have I been there.
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day 作狀語,譯為「每一天」。如:
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7:10去上學。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語,譯為「日常的」。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯後在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活動是什麼?
6) 什麼是助動詞
1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞(Auxiliary Verb)。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞(Main Verb)。
助動詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨使用,例如:
He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。
(doesn't是助動詞,無詞義;like是主要動詞,有詞義)
2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用,可以用來:
a. 表示時態,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結婚。
b. 表示語態,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎?
d. 與否定副詞not合用,構成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘記做過某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著,它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經關了燈了。 ( 已做過關燈的動作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。 (to come動作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著,即關燈的動作沒有發生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示燈已經關上了,而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do 記得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 記得做過某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
記著放學後去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點,表示客觀形式的形容詞,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法:
用介詞後面的代詞作主語,用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語,造個句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如:
You are nice. (通順,所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的,不通,因此應用for。)
9) 對兩個句子的提問
新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢,現在採取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提問:1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然,學生多了更多的回答角度,也體現了考試的靈活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問:1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用,結構為「so+形容詞+a/an+名詞」。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用,結構為「such+a/an+形容詞+名詞」。如:
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。如:
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如:
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如:
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如:
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
5.在以下結構中:
enjoy doing sth 樂於做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
go on doing sth 繼續做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 寧願做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
practice doing sth 練習做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
miss doing sth 錯過做某事
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he, she, it」代替的。如:
he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名詞的復數構成的幾種形式
名詞復數的構成可分為規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
I 名詞復數的規則變化
1.一般在名詞詞尾加-s。如:
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---desks tree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x結尾的名詞,詞尾加-es。如:
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o結尾的某些名詞,詞尾加-es。如:
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以輔音字母加-y結尾的名詞,將-y變為-i,再加-es。如:
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe結尾的名詞,將-f或-fe變為-v,再加-es。如:
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是:
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名詞復數的不規則變化
1.將-oo改為--ee。如:
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.將-man改為-men。如:
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加詞尾。如:
child---children
4.單復數同形。如:
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示「某國人」的單、復數變化。即「中日瑞不變英法變,其它國把-s加後面」。如:
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。如:
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers 14) 雙寫最後一個字母的-ing分詞
初中階段常見的有以下這些:
1.let→letting 讓
hit→hitting 打、撞
cut→cutting 切、割
get→getting 取、得到
sit→sitting 坐
forget→forgetting 忘記
put→putting 放
set→setting 設置
babysit→babysitting 臨時受雇照顧嬰兒
2.shop→shopping 購物
trip→tripping 絆
stop→stopping 停止
drop→dropping 放棄
3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅遊
swim→swimming 游泳
run→running 跑步
dig→digging 挖、掘
begin→beginning 開始
prefer→preferring 寧願
plan→planning 計劃
15) 肯定句變否定句及疑問句要變化的一些詞
1.some變為any。如:
There are some birds in the tree.
→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是,若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中,some可以不變。如:
Would you like some orange juice?
與此相關的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進行相應變化。
2.and變為or。如:
I have a knife and a ruler.
→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
3.a lot of (=lots of)變為many或much。如:
They have a lot of friends.(可數名詞)
→They don't have many friends.
There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可數名詞)
→There isn't much orange in the bottle.
4.already變為yet。如:
I have been there already.
→I haven't been there yet.16) in與after
in 與 after 都可以表示時間,但二者有所區別。
1.in 經常用於將來時的句子中,以現在為起點,表示將來一段時間。如:
He will leave for Beijing in a week.
一周後他會動身去北京。
2.after 經常用於過去時的句子中,以過去為起點,表示過去一段時間。如:
He left for Beijing after a week.
一周後他動身去了北京。
不過,如果after後跟的是具體的時刻,它也可用於將來時。如:
We will finish the work after ten o'clock.
十點後我們會完成工作的。
3.注意區分以下的in的用法。
I'll visit him in a week.
一周後我會去拜訪他。
I'll visit him twice in a week.
一周內我會去拜訪他兩次。
17) 不定冠詞a與an的使用
1.a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。如:
There is a "b" in the word "book".
單詞book中有個字母b。
類似的字母還有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。
She has a small knife.
她有一把小刀。
2.an 用於以母音音素開頭的單詞前。如:
There is an "i" in the word "onion".
單詞onion中有個字母i。
類似的字母還有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。
Do you have an umbrella?
你有一把雨傘嗎?
3.以母音字母開頭的單詞前面不一定都用an;以輔音字母開頭的單詞前面也不一定都用a。如:
a useful book
a universe
a one-letter word
an hour
an uncle
an umbrella
an honest person
18) 如何表達英語中的「穿、戴」?
英語中表示「穿、戴」的表達方法有好幾種,常見的有以下這些:
1、put on 主要表達「穿」的動作。如:
He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。
You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。
2、wear 主要表示「穿、戴」的狀態。如:
The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴著一副眼鏡。
The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿著一條紅色的短裙。
3、dress 可作及物動詞,有「給......穿衣」的意思,後接「人」,而不是「衣服」。如:
Please dress the children right now.請立即給孩子們穿上衣服。
dress 也可作不及物動詞,表示衣著的習慣。如:
The woman always dresses in green.那位婦女總是穿綠色的衣服。
4、be in 表示穿著的狀態。如:
John is in white today.約翰今天穿白色的衣服。
The man in black is a football coach.19) a little, a few 與 a bit (of)
a little, a few 與 a bit (of) 都有「一些、少量」的意義。他們的區別在哪裡呢?
1. a little 意為「一些、少量」,後接不可數名詞。如:
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一點水。
還可以接形容詞。如:
He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。
2. a few 意為「一些、少數」,後接復數的可數名詞。如:
There are a few people in the room. 房間里有一些人。
3. a bit 意為「一點兒」,後接形容詞。如:
It's a bit cold. 有點冷。
a bit of 後接不可數名詞。如:
He has a bit of money. 他有一點兒錢。
4. a little 表肯定意義,little 表否定意義;a few 表肯定意義,few 表否定意義。如:
There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一點兒汽水。
There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里幾乎沒有汽水了。
I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中國朋友。
Few people like him. 幾乎沒有人喜歡他。
5. a little = a bit of, 後接不可數名詞;
a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 後接形容詞,意為「有點兒」。
20) 關於like的用法
like 可以作動詞,也可以作介詞。
1、like 作動詞,表示一般性的「愛好、喜歡」,有泛指的含義。如:
Do you like the color?你喜愛這種顏色嗎?
like 後可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接動詞的-ing分詞(like doing sth),有時意思不盡相同。如:
She likes eating apples.她喜愛吃蘋果。(習慣)
She likes to eat an apple.她喜愛吃一粒蘋果。(平常不喜歡吃)
like 與 would 連用,後接不定式,表示願望或客氣的請求。如:
Would you like a cup of tea?您願意喝杯茶嗎?
「喜歡某人做某事」可以用結構「like sb to do sth/doing sth」。如:
They all like me to sing/singing English songs.他們都喜歡我唱英文歌。
2、like 作介詞,可譯成「像......」。如:
She is friendly to us like a mother.她對我們友好,就像母親一樣。
It looks like an orange.它看起來像個桔子。
3、區分以下句子:
A. What does he look like?
B. What is he like?
A句譯為「他長相如何?」指一個人的外貌特徵;而B句譯為「他人怎麼樣?」指人的性格特點。
C. The boy like Peter is over there.
D. A boy like Peter can't do it.
A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。
21) stop to do sth 與 stop doing sth
1. stop to do sth 意為「停下來去做某事」 2. stop doing sth 意為「停止做某事 與它們相反的句式是:go on to do sth 「繼續做某事(與剛才一事不同)」和 go on doing sth 「繼續做某事(與剛才同一件事)」。
22) tell, speak, say 與 talk
1. tell 意為「告訴、講述」,指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講述一件事。如:
tell sb sth 意為「告知某人某事
tell sb to do sth 意為「告訴某人去做某事
2. speak 意為「說話、講話」,後面主要接語言 speak to 意為「和.....講話、談話」
speak of 意為「提到、說起」。如:
The book speaks of my hometown.
那本書提到我的家鄉。
3. talk 意為「談話、講話」,如果只有一方對另一方說話時,一般用 talk to;如果雙方或多方交談,多用 with。
6. 初二英語語法歸納
1. look pretty 看上去漂亮的
1. taste salty 嘗起來鹹的
2. feel tight 感覺有些緊
3. smell sour 聞上去酸的
4. sound noisy 聽上去吵鬧的
5. so much food 這么多食物
6. get the food ready把食物准備好
7. can』t wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
8. hear from sb. 收到某人的來信
9. shake hands 握手
10. last message 上個信息
11. be proud of sb. 為某人自豪
12. have a party 開聚會
13. the first time 第一次
14. family member 家庭成員
15. say hello to sb.與某人問好
16. have a try 試一試
17. introce sb. to sb.把某人介紹給
18. get angry with sb. 對某人生氣
19. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事.
20. be excited about doing sth.做某事感到興奮
21. do something wrong 做錯事
22. ride a bicycle 騎自行車
23. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
24. make cookies 做小甜餅
25. What』s the matter with you? 你怎麼了?
26. What』 she like? 她為人怎樣?
27. What does she look like? 她長的怎樣?
feel (感覺,摸起來)
sound(聽起來)
look(看上去)
28.主語+感官動詞(連系動詞) seem (好象) +adj.
smell(聞起來)
taste (吃起來)
keep (保持)
become / get/ turn (變得)
Mole 8
1. around town 環城之行
2. go along 沿著---走
3. turn left/ right into---向左/右轉
4. on the corner of (在街道)拐角處
5. between---and---在----和----之間
6. on the left of---在---的左邊
7. opposite the market 在市場的對面
8. by boat 乘船
9. take boat 乘船
10. on a clear day 在晴朗的日子裡
11. the way to -------的路
12. the best way 最好的方法
13. get off 下(車, 船)
14. go past 走過
15. go for a walk 散步
16. buy things you need 買你需要的東西
17. go swimming 去游泳
18. get something to eat 買些吃的東西
19. be full of 裝滿了---
20. most of 大多數
21. at the ticket office 在售票處
22. follow it on the map
23. Where is the park?
How can I get to the park?
Can you tell me the way to the park?
Is there a park near here?
Do you know the way to the park?
Mole 9
1.瀕危動物: animals in danger
2.需要做某事: need to do
3.沒有喝水: without drinking
4.了解: learn about…
5.令人驚奇的事情:: the surprising thing
6.很吃驚地干某事: be surprised to do sth
7.干某事很悲傷: It』s sad to do sth
8.為了…而殺死: kill…for…
9.停止捕殺很難: It』s hard to stop killing
10.沒有地方住: no places to live in
11.沒有足夠吃的食物no enough food to eat
12.這水不好喝: The water isn』t good to drink
13.帶走它: take it away
14.住在森林裡: live in the forests
15.決定不做某事: decide not to do
16:變得很嚴峻: become very serious
17.以…為生: live on…
18.照顧: look after (them, her…)
19.有足夠住的地方:enough places to live in
20.越來越少的土地居住 less and less land to live on
21.制定計劃: make a plan
22.生長得更好:grow better
23.最著名的科學家: the best-known scientist
24.以 而聞名: be famous for…
25.的標志(象徵) the symbol of…
26.想起 think of…
27.考慮: think about (it)
28.例如: for example / such as…
29.幾乎沒有熊貓 very few pandas.
30.也,同樣 as well as…
31.你真是太好了干某事 It』s really nice of you to do sth…
32.向某人展示某物show sb about sth..
33.干某事的一個計劃: a plan to do sth…
34.設計海報 design a poster
35.保持…干凈: keep sth clean
36.保持地球的干凈: keep the Earth clean
37.砍伐森林: cut down the forests
38.污染河流: pollute the rivers
39.為某人而工作: work for sb
40.在野外: in the wild
41.究竟 : on earth
42.聽到那個消息很難過:I』m sorry to hear that.
43.使得某人發狂: make sb mad
44: 把它變臟: make it dirty
45. 查找它: find it out
46.和平地生存:live in peace.
47.自然保護區: nature reserve
48.最後: at last
49.干某事是有趣的: It』s interesting to do
50.需要保護: need to protect…
51.變得稀少: become rare
52.最瀕危的動物之一one of the animals most in danger
53.出生: be born
54.由於許多不同的原因:for many different reasons
Mole 10
1. offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事
2. watch a performance of 看----的演出
3. the center of the neighbourhood 居住地的中心
4. say goodbye to sb. 向某人說再見
5. the Qing Dynasty 清朝
6. the Anti-Japanese War 抗日戰爭
7. send sb. to some place 送/派某人去某地
8. the Teacher』s School 師范學校
9. from – to – 從----到----
10. be named 被命名為
11. people』s artist 人民的藝術家
12. great Master of Language 語言大師
13. folk music 民歌
14. magic shows 魔術表演
15. at the teahouse 在茶館
16. enjoy sth. 從某事得到樂趣
17. the twentieth century 二十世紀
18. give a wonderful welcome 熱烈歡迎
19. take place 發生
20. make them study hard 使他們努力學習
21. fall in love with sb. 與某人相愛
22. marry sb. 娶了/嫁給某人
23. the best part of the film 電影最好的部分
24. the name of ----的名字
25. more than one meaning 不止一個意思
26. the same dream 相同的夢想
27. Beijing Children』s Art Theatre 北京兒童藝術劇院
28. a gold medal 金牌
29. somebody else 別的人
30. a well-known poet 著名的詩人
31. a writer for TV, opera and drama 一位集電視劇,歌劇及戲劇創作於一身的作家
32. finish doing sth 結束做某事
33. be good for 對---有利
34. understand their children better 更好的了解孩子
35. manage to do sth. 設法做成某事
36. make a decision 做出決定
Mole 11
1. The Spring Festival 春節
2. at the moment 現在
3. depend on 根據---而定/ 依靠
4. find out 找出,查明
5. choose carefully 仔細挑選
6. the places to see 要看的地方
7. in winter 在冬天
8. change colour 改變顏色
9. in the northwest 在西北
10. remember to do sth 記得干某事
11. freezing cold 非常冷
12. from time to time 時常
13. take an umbrella 帶把雨傘
14. for a long time 長時間
15. on holiday 度假
16. best of all 最好的是
17. start to do sth. 開始做某事
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【應掌握的片語】
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after = take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports鍛煉
8. eating habits 飲食習慣
9. take more exercise 做更多的運動
10. the same as 與什麼相同
11. be different from 不同
12. once a month一月一次
13. twice a week一周兩次
14. make a difference to 對什麼有影響
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though雖然
17. most of the students=most students
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物
19. as for至於
20. activity survey活動調查
21. do homework做家庭作業
22. do house work做家務事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 對什麼有益
26. be bad for對什麼有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 盡量做某事
30. come home from school放學回家
31. of course = certainly = sure當然
32. get good grades取得好成績
33. some advice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36.be stressed緊張的,有壓力的
37. take a vacation 去度假
48.get back 回來
Unit 2 What』s the matter?
【應掌握的片語】
1. Have a cold 感冒
2. sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 並駕齊驅,齊頭並進
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts
= I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What』s the matter? 怎麼了?
= What』s the trouble (with you)?
= What』s your trouble?
= What』s wrong (with you)?
= What』 the matter (with you)?
=What has happened to you?
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what』s up?
6. sore throat 咽喉痛
7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙醫
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶
11.That』s a good idea 好主意
12.That』s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我認為如此
14. I』m not feeling well. 我覺得不太舒服
= I』m not feeling fine/all right.
= I』m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.
= I don』t feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don』t know 我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力盡
18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors傳統中醫
21. a balance of yin and yang陰陽調和
22. you have too much yin.你陰氣太盛
23. to eat a balance diet飲食平衡
24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay healthy 保持健康
=keep healthy=keep in good health
= keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代詞) 玩得高興,過得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time
= have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like dong sth
practice doing sth.練習做某事,
mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth.完成某事,
give up doing sth.放棄做某事,
can』t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,
keep ding sth. 堅持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. )
be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事
be used to doing sth.習慣於做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.為..做貢獻
go on doing sth. 繼續做某事
forget doing sth.忘記做某事
remember doing sth. 記得做某事
spend....(in) doing sth. 花(時間)來做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做...)來更願意(做...)
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 東道家庭
30. Conversation practice會話練習
31. I』m sorry to hear that.聽到此事我很難過
初二語法復習
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree.
完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
更詳細的語法可以看這里:)
http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm
7. 初二英語語法知識
見課本後面的語法講解和注釋就可以了。
8. 初二英語 語法
of是人的復品質,for指事情制
判斷方法:如果能加of,那麼sb is +adj一定是成立的
例如 It is kind of you(you are kind成立)
It is difficult for you to solve the problem.(you are difficult不成立)
這樣理解吧
9. 初二英語重點語法
一、一般現在時
★ 一般現在時指經常性或習慣性的動作或狀態,常和often, usually, always, sometimes, every…等時間狀語連用。肯定句謂語動詞用動詞原形(單三+s), 否定句用don』t /doesn』t +動詞原形,疑問句用Do/Does…+動詞原形?
e.g. Tom does his homework every day. 湯姆每天都做家庭作業。
否定句:Tom doesn』t do his homework everyday. 湯姆每天都不做家庭作業。
疑問句:Does Tom do his homework everyday 湯姆每天都做家庭作業嗎?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn』t. 是的。(不,不做。)
二、現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法
1.表示說話時正在進行的動作
常和now 連用,有時用一個look、listen ,來表now 這一時間概念。
*Look! A train is coming .看,火車來了。
*Listen! He is playing the piano.聽,他在彈琴。
2.表示現階段正在進行的動作
但不一定是說話時正在進行。常和at present ,this week ,these days…等時間狀語連用。
*What lesson are you studying this week?你們本周學哪一課了?(說話時並不在學)
3.現在進行時有時可用來表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作
即是說可以用來代替將來時,但此時,一般要與表示將來時的時間狀語連用,而且僅限於少量動詞。如:go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep
*Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津嗎?
*How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你們有多少人下周要來參加晚會? 三、一般將來時
█一般將來時
1.be going to+ 動詞原形~
對於將要發生的事,或打算、計劃、決定要做的事情時,皆以be going to + 動詞原形的句型來表示。
因此此句型有be動詞,所以是否用am, is, are ,決定於主語。
1.肯定句:主語+be (is, am, are) going to +動詞原形
I am going to play football next Sunday.
下周日我打算踢足球。
◇He is going to travel around the world. 他計劃周遊世界。
◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 他們打算在校門口見面。
◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了。
2.否定句:主語+be (am, are, is) not going to +動詞原形
We are not going to have any classes next week. 下周我們不上課。
◇I』m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算當老師。
◇He isn』t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不準備去看他哥哥。
3.疑問句:Be (Am, Is, Are) +主語+ going to + 動詞原形
◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你長大了,打算當一名醫生嗎?
Yes, I am. 是的,我打算當。
No, I』m not. 不,我不打算當。
will 同be going to 的用法相同
以今天為起點的所有將來時間,如:
this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/
tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening ,
the day after tomorrow / next week ,
next Wednesday / next month,
next September / next year.
★ 「be going to + 動詞原形」 表示計劃、打算、將來發生的動作,常和this afternoon (今天下午),this evening = tonight (今晚),tomorrow (明天),tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) (明早,午,晚),the day after tomorrow(後天),next Sunday (下個星期天), next week (下周), next month (下個月), next year (明年)等的時間狀語連用,前不加任何介詞。另外,動作性動詞go ,come 和leave 等的現在進行時表示一般將來時動作。
謝謝採納哦~!
10. 初二英語上的所有語法點
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動詞)+ do
eg :I like watching monkeys jump
2 (比較級 and 比較級) 表示越來越怎麼樣
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)
4 agree with sb 贊成某人
5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣
6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界
7 along with 同……一道,伴隨……
eg : I will go along with you 我將和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 學生同老師們一起種樹
8 As soon as 一怎麼樣就怎麼樣
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的東西) eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什麼
12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……歲時 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的開始
15 at the end of +地點/+時間 最後;盡頭;末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什麼有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表:1 現在進行時 2 將來時
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能夠…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能夠干什麼 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth ) 恐懼,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允許做什麼
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應該被允許看電視
23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 為什麼而生某人的氣
25 be as…原級…as 和什麼一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高
26 be ashamed to
27 be away from 遠離
28 be away from 從……離開
29 be bad for 對什麼有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生於
31 be busy doing sth 忙於做什麼事 be busy with sth 忙於……
32 be careful 當心;小心
33 be different from…… 和什麼不一樣
34 be famous for 以……著名
35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好
36 be from = come from 來自
eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 裝滿……的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38 be glad+to+do/從句
39 be going to + v(原) 將來時
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長, 善於……
41 be good for 對什麼有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高興做某事
43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處
Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處
44 be in good health 身體健康
45 be in trouble 處於困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣
47 be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的氣
50 be made from 由……製成(製成以後看不見原材料)
51 be made of 由……製成(製成以後還看得見原材料)
52 be not sure 表不確定
53 be on a visit to 參觀
54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎
55 be quiet 安靜
56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊傑
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59 be sorry to hear that
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 嚴於做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學生對自己不嚴格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什麼
65 be sure 表確定
66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher ) 我相信我的大腦(老師)
68 be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通過考試
69 be sure to do sth 一定會做某事
eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學好英語
70 be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕……
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什麼一樣
73 be used to doing sth 習慣做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習慣早起 He is used to sleeping in class 他習慣上課睡覺
He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他習慣努力工作
74 be worth doing 值得做什麼
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句
76 because+句子 because of +短語
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什麼開始什麼
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 兩者之間
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借給……什麼東西 )
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen )
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打擾你,但是你能告訴我怎麼去車站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我幾個周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……為止
83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 關心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什麼不關心國家的未來
85 catch up with sb 趕上某人
86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地
87 come in 進來
88 come over to 過來
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦法嗎?
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考慮做什麼 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什麼不考慮去瀘州?
92 dance to 隨著……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞
93 decide to do sth 決定做某事
94 do a survey of 做某方面的調查
95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做錯
97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
98 Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意……
99 each +名(單)每一個…… eg : Each student has many books 每一個學生都有一些書
100 end up +doing
101 enjoy +doing 喜歡
102 escape from 從……逃跑
eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人從監獄里逃跑出來
Some gas is escaping from the pipe 有一些氣體從管子里冒出
103 expect to do sth 期待做某事
104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來
105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什麼
106 far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home
107 find +it +adj +to do 發現做某事怎麼樣
108 find sb/sth +adj 發現什麼怎麼樣? eg : I find the book interesting
109 finish 完成+doing(名詞)
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人
111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door
112 from…to… 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完,被(別人)做……
eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(頭發被剪了)
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了(被牙醫拔掉了)
114 get a part-time job = find a part-time job
115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處
117 get ready for = be ready for 為什麼而准備 eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math
118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻煩
119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 從某處得到某物
121 give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物
123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續做這件事
125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上學(用於專業的) go to the school 去學校(不一定是上學)
127 good way to 好方法
128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事
129 have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會
130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談
131 have been doing 現在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方)……去過某過地方 have gone to …(地方) 去了某地還沒回來
133 have fun +doing 玩得高興
134 have sth to do 有什麼事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業要做
I have nothing to do 我沒什麼事情做
135 have to do sth 必須做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什麼事情有麻煩
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(時間)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用處
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 幫助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什麼的看法
145 if : 是否=wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會
He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能准時到達
146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般時態)+條件語態從句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去瀘州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃,他們會讓我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢,我就要去英國
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最後
150 in the north of… 什麼在什麼的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東 )
由動詞開頭構成的短語、片語很多。復習時應分類處理:
一、動詞+介詞
1.look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…
2.listen to…聽……
3.welcome to…歡迎到……
4.say hello to …向……問好
5.speak to…對……說話
此類短語相當於及物動詞,其後必須帶賓語,但賓語無論是名詞還是代詞,都要放在介詞之後。
二、動詞+副詞
「動詞+副詞」所構成的短語義分為兩類:
A.動詞(vt.)+副詞
1.put on 穿上 2.take off脫下 3.write down記下
此類短語可以帶賓語,賓語若是名詞,放在副詞前後皆可;賓語若是人稱代詞,只能放在副詞的前面。
B.動詞(vi)+副詞。
1.come on趕快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家
4.come in進來 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立
此類短語屬於不及物動詞,不可以帶賓語。
三、其它類動詞片語
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介詞短語聚焦]
「介詞+名詞/代詞」所構成的短語稱為介詞短語。現將Unitsl-16常用的介詞短語按用法進行歸類。
1.in+語言/顏色/衣帽等,表示使用某種語言或穿著……。
2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示「在……排/隊/班級/年級」等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示「在上午/下午/傍晚」等一段時間。
4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示「在書桌/鉛筆盒/卧室里」。
5.in the tree表示「在樹上 (非樹本身所有)」;on the tree表示「在樹上(為樹本身所有)」。
6.in the wall表示「在牆上(凹陷進去)」;on the wall表示「在牆上(指牆的表面)」。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上學)/at home(在家)應注意此類短語中無the。
8.at + 時刻表示鍾點。
9.like this/that表示方式,意為「像……這/那樣」。
10.of短語表示所屬關系。
11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名詞等,表示方位、處所。
12.from與to多表示方向,前者意為「從……」,後者意為「到……」。
另外,以下這些短語也必須掌握。如:on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one』s bike等。
[重點句型大回放]
1.I think…意為「我認為……」,是對某人或某事的看法或態度的一種句型。其否定式常用I don』t think…,
2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意為「把……給……」,動詞give之後可接雙賓語,可用這兩種句型;若指物的賓語是人稱代詞時,則只能用give it/ them to sb.
3.take sb./ sth. to…意為「把……(送)帶到……」,後常接地點,也可接人。
4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意為「一個是……;另一個是……」,必須是兩者中。
5.Let sb. do sth. 意為「讓某人做某事」,人後應用不帶to的動詞不定式,其否定式為Don』t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let』s 與Let us的含義不完全相同,前者包括聽者在內,後者不包括聽者在內,
6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意為「幫助某人做某事」,前者用不定式作賓補,後者用介詞短語作賓補,二者可以互換.
7.What about…?/How about…?意為「……怎麼樣?」是用來詢問或徵求對方的觀點、意見、看法等。about為介詞,其後須接名詞、代詞或V-ing等形式。
8.It』s time to do…/ It』s time for sth. 意為「該做……的時間了」,其中to後須接原形動詞,for後可接名詞或V-ing形式。
9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意為「喜歡做某事」,前一種句型側重具體的一次性的動作;後一種句型側重習慣性的動作,
10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意為「讓某人(不要)做某事」,其中ask sb.後應接動詞不定式,
11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意為「把某物給某人看」,該句型的用法同前面第2點。
12.introce sb. to sb. 意為「把某人介紹給另一人」;introce to sb.則是「向某人作介紹」。
001. a bottle/glass/cup… of 一瓶/茶杯/玻璃杯
002. a few 一些
003. a kind of 一種;一類
004. a little 一點;少量
005. a lot of…(lots of…) 許多的
006. a moment later 片刻之後
007. a number of 若乾的;許多的
008. a pair of 一雙;一副
009. a piece of 一塊(張;片;只)
010. all day(long) 整天;一天到晚
011. all kinds of 各種各樣
012. all one』s life 一生;終生
013. all over 到處;結束
014. all over the world 全世界
015. all right 行了;好吧;(病)好了
016. all the same 仍然
017. all the time ①一直;始終②老是(美國英語)
018. arrive at/in 到達某地
019. as…as… 一樣
020. as…as one can(=as…as possible) 盡量
021. as soon as 一就
022. at breakfast 早餐時
023. at first 起先;開始的時候
024. at home 在家
025. at last 最後;終於
026. at night 在夜裡
027. at noon 在正午
028. at once 立刻;馬上
029. at school 在學校上課
030. at the back of 在……的後面
031. at the head of 在……的前面
032. at the moment 此刻
033. at the same time 同時
034. at this time of (the) year 在(一年中)這個時節里
035. at times 時常;有時
036. at work 在工作
037. be able to do sth. (= can+V.) 能夠
038. be angry with sb. 生某人的起 be angry at/about sth. 生某事的氣
039. be born 出生
040. be different from… 和……不同
041. be full of 充滿著……
042. be good at 善於 be bad at拙於
043. be good for 對……有益的 be bad for 對……有害的
044. be in hospital 生病;住院 be in the hospital 在醫院
045. be late for 遲到
046. be like 像
047. be made of (be made from) ……制的;用…….製成的
048. be/get ready 准備好
049. be sure 肯定;確定
050. break down ①(機械)損壞②拆散(某物)
051. by+交通工具 搭乘某交通工具
052. by the way 順便一提
053. by then 到那時
054. catch (a) cold; have a cold 感冒
055. change one』s mind 改變想法(注意)
056. come back 回來
057. come down 下來
058. come from ①出生於②來自於
059. come in 進入;進來come out 出來
060. come over 過來;順便來訪
061. come around (走)過來(繞行而來)
062. day after day 日復一日地;天天
063. do(es) +V.ing 做某事
064. do sport 運動;參加(體育)運動
065. does well ①做得很好②成功③成績很好
066. each other 互相
067. eat up 吃完
068. either…or… 不是……就是
069. enjoy oneself 過得愉快
070. fall behind 落後;跟不上
071. fall off ①跌落;掉下②(質或量)下降
072. far away 遙遠
073. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
074. feel tired 感到疲勞
075. find out 查明;發現;了解
076. from now on 從今以後;今後
077. from … to … 從……到……
078. get back ①返回②取回
079. get down ①下來;落下②記下來
080. get dressed 穿衣服
081. get home 大家
082. get into ①進入②搭乘(計程車)③陷入(壞的情況)
083. get off ①下車②起飛
084. get on ①上車②生活
085. get on (with…)= get along (with…) ①生活②與(某人)相處③(活動)有進展
086. get out of ①從......出來②從計程車(轎車)下來
087. get ready to do sth. 准備做某事
088. get up ①起床②起立
089. get warm (long) 變暖和(長)
090. give a call 給……打電話
091. give back 歸還;送回
092. go back 回去
093. go for a walk 散步
094. go home 回家
095. go on 繼續
096. go shopping 去購物
097. go to bed 睡覺(並未入睡)
098. go to school 上學
099. go to sleep 入睡;睡著
100. go to the cinema 看電影
101. grow up 成年;長大成人
102. half an hour 半小時
103. have a drink of 喝一點……
104. have good time 玩得很高興;過得愉快
105. have a look (at) 看一看
106. have a match 比賽have a test 測驗
107. have a meeting 開會
108. have a rest 休息
109. have a swim 游泳
110. have a talk 談話
111. have a walk 散步
112. have a wash 洗(手,臉等)
113. have breakfast 吃早飯
114. have lessons/classes 上課
115. have lunch 吃午飯
116. have sport 進行體育活動
117. have supper 吃晚飯
118. have to 不得不;必須
119. hear from+sb. 收到某人的來信
120. hear of 聽說
121. help sb. with sth 在某事上幫某人help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事
122. hold a meeting (= have a meeting) 舉行會議
123. hold on ①等一等(別掛電話)②堅持;持續
124. hour after hour 一小時又一小時地;持續地
125. how long ①(時間)多長;多長②(長度)多長
126. how many/much 多少/多少(錢)
127. how often 多久;多常
128. how old 幾歲;多大(年紀)
129. hundreds of 數百
130. hurry of 匆匆離去;趕快去
131. hurry up 趕快