⑴ 新目標九年級英語第四單元重點語法
虛擬語氣
一、概念
[Subjunctive Mood]
中文譯作"虛擬語氣"。它是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的某種假設、願望、懷疑、猜測、建議等含義。
二、語法結構
1.if結構（非真實條件句——表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況）
與..事實相反 If從句 主句
過去 Had done Would* have done
現在 Were/did Would* do
將來 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
例句：If there hadn』t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [過去]
If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [現在]
If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [將來]
備註：
（1）上表中』would*』可轉換為should、could、might。
（2) 如果為時間錯綜句的話，左右兩欄可互相搭配，排列組合。
例句：
He would still be alive today if he hadn』t taken that drug.
[與現在事實相反] [與過去事實相反]
(3) if可轉換為其他形式
例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn』t have been so successfully. [過去]
（=>可轉換為：If there hadn』t been your advice, we …）
Your notes are almost illegible (難以辨認的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [將來]
(=> 可轉換為：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)
I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[過去]
(=> 可轉換為：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)
2、wish結構
與..事實相反
過去 Had done
現在 Were/did
將來 Would
備註：可轉換為其他形式。
例句：He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [過去]
I wish I were a bird.
I wish he handn' done that.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
3、should結構
從句中用「should + 動詞原形」構成。而且should可以省去。用於此結構的動詞有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。
例句：The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud.
注意：當insist表示「堅持認為」、suggest表示「表明，顯示」時，不用虛擬語氣。
例句：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
4、would rather ＋從句
在這種結構中，從句的謂語動詞用過去形式表示虛擬。
例句：I would rather you did this instead of me.
5、主語從句中的虛擬語氣
1）It be + 形容詞 + that ．．．（should）．．．
用於該句型的形容詞是：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny,
strange, surprising ．
一些名詞也可以用於 在該結構中。如：a pity， no wonder．．．．
2）It be + 過去分詞 + that ．．．（should）．．．．
用於該結構中的過去分詞是表示「建議、請求、命令」等詞的過去分詞。如：desired， suggested， requested，
ordered， proposed等。
3）It is time（about time， high time）that ．．．（過去式動詞形式或should＋動詞原形）．．．．
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
6、表語從句、同位語從句中的虛擬語氣
在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有內涵的名詞後面的表語從句、同
位語從句中，要使用虛擬語氣。其謂語動詞應用：should＋原形動詞。另外連接從句的that不能省
略。
例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
三、使用范圍及判斷
1、虛擬語氣表示一種不能實現的假設。該語法主要用於if條件狀語從句。也可用於主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等。
2、if條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的判斷
判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思，看假設的條件是否能夠實現，能夠實現是真實條件句，不能使用虛擬語氣；假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句，要用虛擬語氣。
判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。通常有三種情況：①與過去事實相反。②與現在事實相反。③與將來事實可能相反。
3、「後退一步法」
後退一步法是指在准確地判斷了該句與哪一事實相反後，按虛擬語氣的後退一步法處理從句謂語動詞的時態。即：在非真實條件狀語從句中，謂語動詞按正常情況「後退一步」。也就是：
1）與過去事實相反，在從句中用過去完成時形式表示。
2）與現在事實相反，在從句中用過去一般時形式表示。
3）與將來事實可能相反，在從句中用過去將來時形式表示。
主句中則用情態動詞would, should, could 等加一個與從句一致的動詞形式。
例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn』t go out.
四、注意事項
1.if條件從句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，並使用倒裝語序。
2、在現代英語中if條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞如果是be其過去形式一般用were。
3、wish 後面賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，按「後退一步法」處理從句的謂語動詞。注意：與哪個事實相反，不能以主句的時態為判斷依據，而是根據從句的意義判斷。
⑵ 初三上冊英語第四單元語法總結
Unit 4
一、知識點
1、①give sb sth=give sth to sb
類似的詞還有:pass、lend、show、write、send等
②buy sb sth=buy sth for sb
類似的詞還有:make、draw、cook等
2、hundred 、thousand、mi11ion與數字連用不能用復數。
hundreds of、thousands of、mi11ions of中必須用復數。
3What if …… 如果……將會怎麼樣？（引導條件狀語從句、疑問句）
eg What if she doesn』t come? 她要是不來怎麼辦？
What if your parent don』t agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎麼辦？
What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎麼辦？
7、before 引導一個句子，為連詞。後跟短語或名詞等，則為介詞。
8、food 表示食品種類，一種食物時，為可數名詞
What does/do ×× look like? 問相貌。
She is tall.
What』s ×× like? 問「品質性格」。
She is outgoing.
12、 give a speech 做演講 have a speech聽演講 give a report 做報告have a report 聽報告
13、permission (n.) 允許，許可 permit (v.) 允許
Don』t read others』 diary without permission.
14、plenty of 充足的，相當多的。修飾可數或不可數名詞，只能用於肯定句。否定、疑問句中用 enough.
15、not……in the slightest=not……at all 根本不
16、company ①公司 ②一群人，一夥人
③ 陪伴
I would like your company if you are free tonight.
17、get along (with)=get on (with)
①進行，進展
eg The business is getting along very well. 生意進展的很順利。
How are you getting along with your English study? 你的英語學習進展的怎麼樣了？
②相處
eg Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老闆合得來嗎？
I』m getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同學們相處得很好。
18、would rather … than … （= would … rather than）寧願，而不願。
前後連接兩個動詞原形，否定形式為：would rather not do sth
①would rather … than … = prefer … to …
但prefer … to … 若連接兩個動詞，動詞應為v-ing 形式。
eg He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football.
②would rather 常單獨使用，表示「寧願做…」
eg He would rather watch TV at home.
③rather than = instead of 而不是
連接兩個並列成分，前後對稱。
eg I』d prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter.
I decided to write rather than telephone.
I like going out with you rather than with him.
She enjoys listening rather than speaking.
19、today、here、there、downstairs、upstairs、above、below做賓語修飾名詞，放在名詞之後
eg the weather today今天的天氣 people here這里的人們the man downstairs樓下的那個男的
the passage below 下面的這段話
22、the rest 其餘的，可指代可數或不可數名詞。The other(s) 只能指代可數名詞
23、come up with 提出或提出（答案、方法）等。類似於think of.
eg How would you come up with this idea? 你怎樣想出這個注意的？
My brother is a person who often comes up with good idea.我弟弟是個常常能想出好點子的人
24、offer 提供 offer sb sth 給××…… offer to sb sth 主動提出干……
二、短語
1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機構 2、medical research 醫學研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎麼樣？ 4、get nervous 緊張
5、take a big exam 參加大考 6、help with 有助於
7、in public 在公共場合 8、hardly ever 幾乎不
9、the whole school 全校 10、without permission 為經許可
11、be(make) friends with 與…交朋友 12、ask one』s permission 請求××的允許
13、introce…to… 把…介紹給… 14、invite…to do… 邀請…干…
15、social situations 社會環境 16、not… in the slightest 根本不，一點也不 17、right away 立刻，馬上 18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 對…友好 20、at lunch time 在午飯時間
21、a bit shy 有點害羞 22、English speech contest 英語演講比賽
23、represent the class 代表班級 24、come top 名列第一（前茅）
25、let … down 使…失望 26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron. 28、the rest of the students 其餘的學生
be sure to do 相信… 29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth
be sure +that 從句 在做某事方面有經驗
30、deal with 對付，處理 31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意見、建議 33、by accident 偶然地，無意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干… 35、an internet friend 網友
三、句子
1、He doesn』t know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否該帶禮物。
2、You shouldn』t worry about what other people say.你不應該考慮別人說什麼。
3、What will you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百萬美元，你會干什麼？
4、If I were you, I 『d take a small present.如果我是你，我會帶一個小禮物。
5、I』m too tired to do well.我太累了，沒考好。
6、Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗會帶來很多麻煩。
7、What are you like? 你是什麼樣的人？
8、I』d invite him/her to have dinner at my house.我會邀請他（她）到我家吃飯。
9、You enjoy the company of other people.你喜歡別人的陪伴。
10、I feel nervous talking in front of many people.我在眾人面前講話時感到緊張。
11、She always comes top in the school exams.她在學校的考試中總是名列前茅。
12、She doesn』t want to let her friends down.她不願讓朋友失望。
13、If I were you, I』ll get out of here.如果我是你，我會離開這里。
祝你學習進步，更上一層樓！(*^__^*)
⑶ 初一上冊英語第四單元語法知識 就是What can i do for you
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物/ 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事eg: i want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事eg: i want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和回----談話答
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事eg: he is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 evening newspaper 晚報
⑷ 初三上英語第四單元語法聚交翻譯
重要短語抄歸納： 1.go on vacation去度假 2.stay at home待在家裡 3.go to the mountains去爬山 4.go to the beach去海灘 5.visit museums 參觀博物館 6.go to summer camp去參觀夏令營 7.quite a few相當多 8.study for為……而學習 9.go out出去 。
⑸ 人教版新目標初二英語上第四單元的語法要點
far+from depend+onmust+V原ill為表語形容詞近義詞sickso mucha number of相當於many 許多的意思a small number of一少部分a large number of 一大部分the number of ....的數量around the word=all over the word全世界重點語句1.can I help you？2.how far is it from here?3.how long does it take?4.thank you very much 5.you are welcome6.how do you get to school重點語法1.by+交通工具名詞2.by+交通路線位置3.in+交通工具名詞4.on+限定詞+交通工具名詞5.take a、the+交通工具名詞6.ride+限定詞+交通工具名詞7.fly+to表示乘飛機；飛往8.表示步行去某地可用go to+某地+on foot，也可用walk to+某地9.not all譯為不都相當於all..not...10.leave for意為動身去...11.leave..for...意為離開去...12.It takes +一段時間+to do sth以為做某事花費某人多長時間
⑹ 九年級英語第四單元語法聚焦翻譯
One morning before class, when I was running into the classroom, I knocked over the ink bottle on the teacher's desk, and the red ink spilt ① on the desk. I was sure I would be scolded by the teacher. Just at that moment the bell rang and I went to my seat.
「Stand up!」 our monitor said loudly. I stood up and my legs were trembling.
「Who knocked over the ink bottle?」 Miss Ye, the teacher, asked. I kept silent. Many eyes were fixed upon me. Miss Ye walked to me and asked in a low voice,「Did you do it?」
「No, no, I didn't, 」 I said hurriedly②. My face turned red at once. I didn't know why I had told a lie.
「OK, I believe you.」 She patted me on the head and then began teaching.
I felt very sorry. I knew I was wrong. So I went to see Miss Ye in the afternoon.
「I'm sorry, Miss Ye,」 I said. 「This morning I told a lie.」
「I saw the whole thing through the window when I was outside the classroom, 」she said. 「But I didn't scold you. I knew you would come to tell me the truth because I believe you are an honest girl.」
I dropped my head without saying a word.
「I'm happy that you have come,」 she continued. 「You haven't made me disappointed.」
When I heard these words, tears filled my eyes.
課前的一個早晨，當我沖進教室的時候，我打翻了墨水瓶放在老師的書桌上，和紅墨水灑在桌子上。我確信我會被老師罵。就在這時，門鈴響了，我去我的座位。
「站起來！「我們的班長大聲說。我站起來，我的腿在顫抖。
「是誰打翻了墨水瓶？「葉老師問。我保持沉默。許多眼睛盯著我。葉小姐向我走來，低聲問，「你做了嗎？「
「不，不，我沒有，」我連忙說。我的臉變紅了。我不知道我為什麼要撒謊。
「好吧，我相信你。」她拍拍我的頭，然後開始教學。
我感到很抱歉。我知道我錯了。所以我去看葉小姐在下午。
「對不起，葉小姐，」我說。「今天早上我撒謊了。」
「我看到了整個事情的經過的時候，我在教室外面，」她說。「但我沒有罵你。我知道你會來告訴我真相，因為我相信你是個誠實的女孩。」
我把我的頭一句話不說。
「我很高興你來了，」她繼續說。「你沒有讓我失望。」
當我聽到這些話時，我的眼睛充滿淚水。
⑺ 初二英語上冊第四單元語法、重點
1.If 引導的條件狀語從句，because 引導的原因狀語從句和because of 引導的原因狀語。
2. 條件狀語從句里，回要注意if後的句子多用答一般現在時，而主句多用將來時。
3because引導的原因狀語從句有時候侯可以和because of + 片語進行轉換。
如： He was late because It rained heavily.
換成He was late because of the heavy rain.