『壹』 初一上冊英語重點語法
英語語法口訣21條：
1、英語的詞類
句子要由片語成，
英語詞類有十種：
句中成分用實詞，
名、代、動、副、數、形容：
冠、介、連詞和感嘆，
虛詞附加或溝通。
詞類功能掌握了，
造句之時好運用。
2、語序歌
主、謂、賓、表同漢語，
定語有同也有異。
狀語位置更特殊，
不能全和漢語比。
3、肯定句變一般疑問句
have和be提句首，
其它助詞Do開頭。
時間、人稱由do變，
動詞只把原形留。
謂語助詞有幾個，
第一助詞提句首。
4、肯定句變否定句
否定詞語加not，
放在be和have後。
其它要加動詞do，
do的後面加not，
時間、人稱由do變，
動詞原形總保留。
謂語若是助詞多，
not緊跟第一個。
5、名詞的所有格
名詞只變數，
不分主賓格。
人和動物類，
可變所有格。
撇（』）後加s，
相當漢語「的」。
時間、距離等，
也變所有格。
6、名詞變復數
單數變為復數式，
加上「s」統言之。
下列結尾名詞後，
要加「s」先加「e」：
發音[∫][t∫][s]和[z]，
或是輔音加「o」時。
有些名詞變復數，
詞尾變化要注意：
「y」前字母是輔音，
一律變「y」為「ie」；
遇到「f/fe」，
有時需要變「ve」
少數名詞不規則，
特別情況靠硬記。
7、時間名詞前所有介詞的速記
年月周前要用in，
日子前面卻不行。
遇到幾號要用「on」，
上午下午又是「in」。
要說某日上下午，
用on換in才能行。
午夜黃昏用at，
黎明用它也不錯。
at也在時分前，
說「差」用to，
說「過」要用past。
8、介詞用法歌
介詞加賓語，
才能有實意。
表、定、狀、賓、補，
片語在句里。
9、介詞順口溜
in 在……里，
out在……外，
在旁邊的是beside，
靠近的為by。
on在……上，
under在……下，
above在上頭，
below在底下。
10、be的用法歌
動詞be，變化大，
「I」用「am」「You」用「are」
Is用於它（it）、他（he）、她（she）
復數一定要用「are」，
切莫用錯鬧笑話。
11、動詞的時態
四種時間各四式，
聯想對比便於記。
時間現在和過去，
各自還有將來時。
一般、完成、進行式，
完成進行是四式。
四四共有十六種，
看來復雜掌握易；
除去have/be以外，
動詞變化有規律。
12、動詞形式的變化
動詞根本是原形，
變化形式有四種：
原形詞尾加「s」，
現在第三單人稱；
過去原形加「ed」，
過去分詞也相同；
原形加上「ing」，
現在分詞或動名。
原形詞尾加「s」，
如同名詞復數式。
若加「ed/ing」，
以下情況要注意：
詞尾有ie只加d，
Ing去掉無聲e；
詞尾ie變成y，
然後再加ing；
輔音之後y結尾，
Y要變i加ed；
現在分詞不變y，
直接加上ing；
詞尾重讀閉音節，
結尾輔音都雙寫，
r做結尾也一樣，
重讀音節r雙寫；
結尾字母若是「t」，
不是重讀也雙寫。
過去分詞過去式，
不按規則也有些。
13、動詞不定式不帶to的動詞
四看（notice，observe，see，watch），
三使役（have，let，make），
二聽(hear，listen to)，
一感覺（feel）。
按：在上述動詞後做賓語補語用的不定式不帶to。
14、非謂語動詞
動詞不做調話用，
不定、分調與動名。
to加原形不定式，
片語可做名、副、形。
分調現在和過去，
相當副詞和形容。
原形加上「ing」，
動詞具有名詞性。
15、基數詞變序數詞（之一）
基變序，有規律，
詞尾字母tdd。①
八減t，九減e，
f要把ve替。②
ty把y變成i，
記住山前有個e。③
① 指first、second、third。
② 指eight去掉t，nine去掉e，five和twelve去掉ve加上f。
③ 指twenty→twentieth等。
16、基數詞變序數詞（之二）
第一、二、三要全變，①
其餘「th」加後邊，②
「th」里有例外，
你需格外記明白：
八減t，九減e，③
字母f代ve，④
ty變tie。⑤
① one-first，two-second，three-third。
② four-fourth，seven-seventh，hundred-hundredth。.
③ eight-eighth ，nine-ninth。
④ five-fifth，twelve-twelfth。
⑤ twenty-twentieth，sixty-sixtieth。
17、There be的位置和用法
說明何時何地有，
there be在主語前。
隨著主語第一個，
be的形式做變換。
18、be going的用法
be going是助動詞，
後跟加to不定式。
說明「准備」或「就要」，
時間人稱只變be。
19、have+got
have作為動詞「有」，
情態動詞have；
have got慣用語，
got可有也可無。
若變否定疑問，
去掉got再加do；
或把have提句首，
not加在have後。
20、以or結尾的詞
售票員班長（照）鏡子，
蓖麻教授（找）醫生。
按：有些同學常把-or結尾的詞誤拼為-er結尾的詞。初中課本1-6冊只有六個以-or結尾的詞。它們是：doctor n.醫生（第一冊）；monitor n班長（第二冊）；conctor n.售票員（第四冊）；mirror n鏡子（第五冊）；castor n蓖麻（第六冊）；professor n教授（第六冊）。
21、以f（e）結尾的名詞復數
以f（e）結尾的名詞，在中學課本里，出現了不少。其名詞復數形式：有的直接在-f（e）後加s；有的要改-f（e）為ve再加-s；個別單詞上述兩種形式均可（如handkerchief→handkerchiefs或handkerchieves）。似乎不易記住這些規則，可只要記只下面這首順口溜，相信你就不會覺得難了。
妻子持刀去宰狼，
小偷嚇得發了慌；
躲在架後保己命，
半片樹葉遮目光。
按：順口溜中的黑體字是中學階段學過的九個以上-f（s）結尾的名詞：wife（妻子），knife（小刀），wolf（狼），thief（小偷），shelf（架子），self（自己），life（生命），half（一半），leaf（樹葉）。這九個詞變復數時，都是改-f（e）為ve再加-s。由self構成的復合詞，其變化與self相同（如myself→ourselves；yourself→yourselves；himelf，herself，itself→themselves）。
『貳』 初一英語重點句型.片語和語法
句子 This is....
That is...
What is...
What is that.... What color...
語法：主格 賓格 形容詞性物主代詞專 名詞性物主代詞
I me my mine
we us our ours
you you your yours
it it its its
he him his his
she her her hers
they them their theirs
主格做主語，賓格作賓屬語
『叄』 誰知道七年級上冊英語的語法和句型
新目標英語七年級上冊語法知識與句型總結 Review of Units 1~7 一. 考點歸納 1. Hello, Gina. Good morning. 嗨，吉娜。早上好。英文中常用的問候語及其回答：－Hello. －Hello. ―Hi. ―Hi. ―Good morning. ―Good morning. ―Good afternoon. ―Good afternoon. ―Good evening. ―Good evening. ―Good night. ―Good night.晚安。（晚上分別時） ―How do you do? 你好。（初次見面時互相問好） ―How do you do? 你好。 ―How are you? 你好嗎？（已相識者問對方好？）―Fine, thank you.好，謝謝。 2. Sorry, I』m late. 對不起，我遲到了。 sorry 「對不起」 用於引出某一過錯。 Excuse me. 「對不起」 用於引起對方的注意。例如： 1）I』m sorry I can』t speak English.對不起，我不會說英語。 2）Excuse me, is this your backpack?打擾一下，這是你的背包嗎？ 3. Nice to meet you! 很高興認識你！--Nice to meet you,too! 4. What』s this in English? 這個用英語怎麼說？ 1) 同義句：What』s the English for this? 2) 用什麼語言，介詞用in: 「in + 某種語言」. 例如： in English 用英語 in Chinese 用漢語 in Japanese 用日語 5. Let』s learn English. 讓我們學英語。（一） let』s = let us 讓我們Let』s learn English.讓我們學習英語吧。= Why not learn English?為什麼不學習英語呢？= What/How about learning English? 學習英語怎麼樣？（二） let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 例如：Let me play the guitar. 注意：1）let sb. do sth. 中的sb.若是代詞要用賓格形式。 Let she sing an English song. (×) Let her sing an English song. (√) 2）let sb. do sth.. 中的sb.即使是第三人稱單數後面的動詞仍用原形，例如： Let him plays soccer. (×) Let him play soccer. (√) 3）learn from 向……學習, 例如：Let us learn from Lei Feng.讓我們向雷鋒學習。 4 ) learn to do sth..學會干某事 例如： He learns to speak a little French.他學會說一點法語。 6. What color is this sweater? 這個毛衣是什麼顏色？ 1) 對顏色提問的兩種方法：What color …? = What』s the color of …? 例如： What color is your sweater? = What』s the color of your sweater?你的毛衣是什麼顏色？ What color are these pants? 這些褲子是什麼顏色？ 2) color是可數名詞，例如：I don』t like these colors.我不喜歡這些顏色。 7. What』s your name? 你叫什麼名字？ 1) 對姓名的幾種提問及回答： What』s your name? = May I have/know your name?My name is … = I』m … 2) 姓氏：family name / last name 名字： first name 全名：full name 8. Is this your dictionary? 這是你的字典嗎？答：Yes, it is. / No, it isn』t. 例如： Is that your brother』s backpack? --Yes, it is. / No, it isn』t. 9. Call John at 495-3539. 給約翰打電話495-3539。 Please call Gina, her phone number is 2684753.=Please call Gina at 2684753. 10. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感謝你的全家福照片。 1) Thanks. = Thank you. (√) 感謝你。 2) Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 為……而感謝你。例如： Thanks for your help.=Thanks for helping me. 感謝你的幫助。 3) the photo of your family=your family photo你的全家福照片 11. Here is my family photo. 這是我的全家福照片。 1)倒裝句式：副詞＋謂語＋主語（名詞）Here is your letter.這是你的信。介詞短語＋謂語＋主語（名詞） On the dresser is my photo. 介詞＋主語（代詞）＋謂語 Here you are. 給你。 2) Here is/ are... .常用於把某物遞給說話的對象 This is ... .也表示「這是……。」但通常用於介紹； 12. Please take these things to your brother. 請把這些東西帶給你弟弟。 take, bring, carry 和get的區別： 1)take 「帶走」，從近處帶到遠處，例如： Please take these books to your home after school.放學後把這些書帶回你的家。 bring 「帶來」，從遠處帶來，例如：Please bring me some books.請給我帶些書來。 2) get 「去拿來」，相當於go and bring，例如： Can I get my pen?我可以去把我的鋼筆拿來嗎？ 3) carry 」搬動」， 無方向，Can you help me carry this case?能幫我搬這個箱子嗎？ 13. I need my hat, my ID card, my notebook and my pencils. 我需要我的帽子，身份證，筆記本和鉛筆。 need v. 需要 1) need ＋ sth./sb. 「需要…」 例如：She really needs these books. 她真的需要這些書。 2) need to do sth. 「需要做……」 例如：I need to listen to some relaxing music.我需要聽一些令人放鬆的音樂。 14. There are some books in the bookcase. 書櫃里有些書。 There be 句型 1）構成及意義There be + n. + 某處. 在某處有什麼。例如：There is an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妝台上有一個鬧鍾。 There are some keys in the drawer.抽屜里有一些鑰匙。 2) 否定式 例如：There isn』t a baseball on the floor.地上沒有一個棒球。 There aren』t any books in the bookcase. 書櫃里沒有一些書。 3) 疑問句及回答例如：Is there an alarm clock on the dresser?.梳妝台上有一個鬧鍾嗎？Yes ,there is.是的，有。No, there isn』t.不，沒有。 4）There be句型的就近原則：若有兩個或兩個以上的主語是，謂語常與靠近它的那個主語一致。例如：There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table. There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table. 5)變疑問句或否定句時，應將原句中的some改為any。
『肆』 七年級英語上冊重點語法
1.形容詞和副詞的比較級
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞後+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音節詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最後一個字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規則變化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
2.祈使句：
Sit down please
Don』t sit down, please.
3. there be 結構
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑問句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn』t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren』t.
否定句： There isn』t …. There aren』t….
4.一般現在時：通常用 「usually, often, every day, sometimes」。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
5.現在進行時：形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
6.
重點的句型：
1.How many + 復數名詞 + are there ...?
此句型是一個特殊疑問句，意思是\"在......有多少......？\"多用來對可數名詞的數量提問。How many 後面要接可數名詞的復數形式。如：
How many apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少個蘋果？
2.. What about ...?
此句型意思是\"......怎麼樣？\"、\"......呢？\"，通常用來詢問情況或徵求意見、看法等。其中的about是介詞，後面可接名詞、代詞或動詞等。如：
What about that computer? 那台電腦怎麼樣？
My gloves are red. What about theirs? 我的手套是紅色的，他們的呢？
What about playing games after school? 放學後做游戲怎麼樣？
3. What time is it?/What\'s the time?
英語中，常用這兩個句型來詢問現在的時間，意思是\"什麼時間了？\"或\"幾點了？\"其答語一般用\"It\'s + 時間.\"其中的it指代時間，翻譯時可不譯，常在句尾加上please，以表示委婉的語氣。如：
What time is it, please? 請問現在幾點了？
-It's about a quarter past ten. 大約十點十五分。
4. What colour + be + 主語?
詢問某物的顏色，一般用以What colour 開頭的特殊疑問句，其答語通常用\"It\'s/They\'re + 表示顏色的形容詞\"。如：
-What colour is her blouse? 她的襯衫是什麼顏色的？
-It's light blue. 是淺藍色的。
5.Whose + 名詞 + be + 其它？/Whose + be + 名詞？
英語中常用這兩個句型來詢問某事物屬誰所有。如：
Whose cup is that? 那是誰的杯子？
Whose are these photos? 這些照片是誰的？
6. It's time for + sth. /It's time to do sth. / It's time for sb. to do sth.
這個結構意思都是\"該做某事了\"，\"到做某事的時候了\"。如：
It's time for school. 到上學的時候了。
It\'s time to have supper. 該吃晚飯了。
7. 選擇疑問句：選擇疑問句是用or連接詢問的兩部分，以供選擇，答案必須是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用Yes或No回答
一般提出兩種或兩種以上的可能,問對方選擇哪一種.其結構可用一般疑問句,也可用特殊疑問句.供選擇的兩部分用or連接,前者讀升調,後者讀降調.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
選擇疑問句的答語必須是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑問句演化來的選擇疑問句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑問句演化來的選擇疑問句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not構成的選擇疑問句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
8.另外，「to be + going + 動詞不定式」這個特殊的結構可表示在未來即將要進行的動作。
例：He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他將在明天告訴我。
練習題：
There are ____ water in the bottle.（B）瓶子里有一點水
There are ____ water in the bottle.（A）瓶子里沒水了
There are ____ students in the classroom.（D）教室里有幾個學生
There are ____ students in the classroom（C）教室里沒有學生
There are ____ apples on the trees.（D）有幾個蘋果長在樹上
選項統一為
A、little B、a little C、few D、a few
3. Of course,every one of us_1__to make friends like food---they are useful to us,and they can help us when we are _2__need._3__you can make as many friends of this kind as possible.
(1) A.want B.will want C.wants
(2) A.in B.on C.for D.of
(3) A.And B.But C.So D.Because
答案：CAC
4.Twenty minutes later,John_1__a tree.His leg was broken,and it hurt _2__.
Mr smith _3__to mend the chair.then he_4__himself with a hammer.
(1) A.fell over B.fell from C.fell down D.fell on
(2) A.all the day B.all day C.whole day D.all days
(3) A.starts B.started C.was starting
(4) A.damaged B.knocked C.hit D.cut
『伍』 人教版七年級英語上冊重點短語總匯,語法總結
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主語+doing? ….正在做什麼？
-主語＋be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例： －what are you doing?
-I』m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 為。。。而感謝
例：Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例：Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交際用語
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let』s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What』s he waiting for?-He』s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What』s he reading? He』s reading a newspaper.
1)現在在進行時的形式是：
助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式（也叫現在分詞），表示現在（說話的瞬間）正在進行或發生的動作。
2)現在進行時的肯定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現在分詞+其他
I』m watching TV.
3)現在進行時的否定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現在分詞+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)現在進行時的一般疑問句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現在分詞+其他?
Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isn』t/aren』t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 現在進行時的特殊疑問句形式:
特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現在分詞+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 動詞+ing形式(現在分詞)的構成.
1一般情況下在動詞詞結尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不發音的母音字母e結尾的動詞,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3詞尾如果是以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞.應該先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
Unit 6 It』s raning!
一、片語
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海邊
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球
be surprised 驚訝的
be surprised at sth./sb.對某人或某人感到驚訝
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放鬆
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天氣里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由於（做）某事而感謝某人
How』s it going? 近況如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起來像。。。
二、句型／日常交際用語
(1)-How』s the weather(+地點)? –It』s raining?
(2)-What』s the weather like?—It』s sunny./It』s cold and snowing.
(3)-How』s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV』s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn』t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、片語
look like 看起來像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直發
medium height/build 中等高度／身體
a little bit 一點兒…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼鏡
have a new look 呈現新面貌
go shopping 去購物
the captain of the basketball team 籃球隊隊長
Nobody knows me 沒有人認識我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He』s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don』t think he』s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I』m tall.I』m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在乾的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I』d like some noodles.
1.片語
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什麼尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 綠茶
phone number 電話號碼
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的種類
a kind of 一種…
some kind of 許多種…
a bowl of rice 一碗米飯
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三個桔子(可數)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可數)
some chicken 一些雞肉(不可數)
three chickens 三隻小雞(可數)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like mplings,I don』t lkee noodles.
三\日常交際用語
(1)—Can I help you?
--I』d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I』d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like後面還可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.
Unit 9 How was your weekend?
一、片語
do one』s homework 做某人的家庭作業
如：do my homework 做我的家庭作業
play +運動或棋類
如：play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +樂器 如：play the guitar 彈吉他
go to the movies 去看電影
do some reading 閱讀
study for the (math) test 准備（數學）考試
stay at home 呆家裡
go to summer camp 去夏令營
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜訪某人
go shopping 去購物
last month 上個月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 尋找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上／在下午／在晚上
play computer games 玩電腦游戲
It was time to do sth 該。。。的時候了
二、句型
（1）I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般過去時態
一般過去時態表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,動詞通常用一般過去式來表示,除動詞be的過去式was/were有人稱變化,其他都沒人稱的變化.
過去式的構成
(1) 一般情況下在動詞詞尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 詞尾是e的動詞加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一個母音字母加一個輔音結尾的重讀閉章節應雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞,要將y改為i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不規則動詞的過去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、片語
ptetty good 相當好；不錯
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有點無聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高興
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公園
the Great Wall 長城
the Palace Museum 故宮
Tian』an Men Square 天安門廣場
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示「愉快地做某事」，「做某事很有趣」
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.幫助某人做某事（to可省）
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬動) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.發現某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.發現某人做某事（整個過程）
Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?
一、片語
talk show 談話節目
soap opera 肥皂劇
sports show 體育節目
game show 比賽節目
think of 認為
how about… …怎麼樣？＝what about…
in fact 事實上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一個十三歲的男孩＝ The boy is thirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …談話
thanks for… 為…感謝
each student 每個學生
key ring 鑰匙鏈
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can』t stand 不能忍受
don』t mind 不介意／無所謂／不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
(3)—This is what I think.
(4)--I don』t mind what young people think of me!
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month』s magazine?
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don』t mind them/I can』t stand them/I don』t like.
(2)—How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?
如：What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don』t eat in class.
一、片語
school rules 學校規章制度
break the rules 違反規章制度
in the hallways 在過道
listen to music 聽音樂
in the music room 在音樂教室里
in the dining hall 在餐廳
sports shoes 運動鞋
gym class 體育課
after school 放學後
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o』clock 十點之前
make dinner 做飯
the children』s palace 少年宮
二、句型
(1)—Don』t arrive late for class.
(2)—We can』t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)—What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can』t.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don』t.
重難點精析
祈使句
通常用來表示命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構成通常有以下幾種形式。
1)Be型（即系動詞原型be+表語＋其他）。
如：Be quiet,please.
否定句Don』t + be+表語+其他。
如：Don』t be angry.
2)Do型（即系動詞原形＋賓語＋其他）。如：
Open you books,please.
否定句Don』t +實義動詞原形+賓語+其他。
如：Don』t eat in the classroom.
3)Let型（即Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他）如：
Let me help you.
Let』s go at six o』clock.
否定句一般在賓語後加not。如：
Let』 not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型（此種形式通常用於公共場合的提示語中，意為「禁止做某事「）如：
No smoking! 嚴禁吸煙！
No talking! 不許交談！
No passing! 禁止通行！
No parking! 不許停車
『陸』 初一英語上重點句型
Unit 1
A: Hello. What's your name?
B: My name's Gina.
A: I'm Jim. Nice to meet you.
B: Nice to meet you, too.
A: What's your phone number?
B: My phone number is 281-9176.
It's 281-9176.
Unit 2
A: Excuse me, what's this in English?
Starter unit 1 Good morning !
1. Good morning! 早上好！
2. Good afternoon! 下午好！
3. Good evening! 晚上好！
4. Good morning（afternoon/
Evening） to you! 你早上好！
5. ---How are you? 你好嗎？
---Fine, thanks/ thank you.
And you?好，謝謝。你呢？
Start unit 2 What』s this in English?
1. ---What』s this/that in English?
這個/那個用英語怎麼說？
---It』s a/an…那是。。。
2. ---How do you spell it/
How to spell it?
如何拼寫它呢？
---K-E-Y.
Start unit 3 What color is it?
---What color is it？
那是什麼顏色？
---It』s …
Unit 1 My name』s Gina.
Ⅰ.重點詞語：
1. my name 我的名字
2. your name 你的名字
3. last name/ family name 姓
4. first name/ given name 名
5. ID card 身份證
6. school ID card 學生卡
7. answer the questions 回答問題
8. telephone/phone number 電話號碼
9. address book 電話號碼薄
Ⅱ.重點句型：
1. ---What』s your name?你叫什麼？
---My name is…/I』m…我是。。。
2. Nice to meet you. / I』m glad
to meet you. 見到你很高興。
3. ---What』s your telephone/
phone number? 你的電話是多少？
---My telephone/ phone number is…
我的電話是。。。
4. ---What』s your family/last name?
B: It's an eraser.
A: How do you spell it?
B: E-R-A-S-E-R.
A: Is this your eraser?
B: No, it isn't. It's her eraser.
Unit 3
A: This is Mary.
B: Is she your sister?
A: No, she isn't. She is my friend.
B: Are these your parents?
B: Yes, they are.
Unit 4
A: Where's my backpack?
B; I don't know. Is it under the table?
A: No, it isn't. It's on the dresser.
A: Where are your keys?
B: They're in the drawer.
Unit 5
A: Let's play soccer.
B: That sounds good.
A: Do you have a soccer ball?
B: No, I don't.
But I have two tennis rackets.
A: Well, let's play tennis.
B: That sounds interesting.
A: Let's play soccer.
B: That sounds good.
A: Do you have a soccer ball?
B: No, I don't. But I have two tennis rackets.
A: Well, let's play tennis.
B: That sounds interesting.
Unit 6
A: What do you like for dinner?
B: I like broccoli.
A: Do you like tomatoes?
B: No, I don't. I don't like tomatoes and carrots.
A: Does your father like carrots?
B: Yes, he does.
Unit 7
A: Can I help you?
B: Yes, please. I want a sweater.
A: What color do you want?
B: Blue.
A: Here you are.
B: How much is it?
A: 20 dollars.
B: I'll take it. Thank you.
A: You're welcome.
Unit 8
①A: When is your birthday, John?
B: My birthday is March 21st.
It's March 21st.
A: How old are you?
B: I'm fifteen.
A: When is Tom's birthday?
B: His birthday is September 5th.
②A: What events do you have at your school?
B: We have music festival, sports meeting, basketball game, and so on.
A: Do you have a speech contest at your school?
B: Yes, we do.
A: When is the speech contest?
B: It's April 19th.
A: Do you have an Art Festival?
B: No, we don't.
Unit 9
A: Do you want to go to a movie?
B: Yes, I do.
A: What kind of movies do you like?
B: I like comedies and action movies.
A: Do you like thrillers?
B: No, I don't.
A: Why?
B: Because they are scary.
Unit 10
A: What club do you want to join?
B:I want to join the music club.
A: Can you play the guitar?
B: Yes, I can.
A: Can you play it well?
B: No, I can't.
Unit 11
A: When do you usually take a shower?
B: I usually take a shower in the evening.
A: What time do you take a shower?
B: I take a shower at seven o'clock.
A: What time does Tim go to bed?
B: He usually goes to bed at around nine-thirty.
Unit 12
A: What's your favorite subject?
B: My favorite subject is art.
A: Why do you like art?
B: Because it's very interesting.
A: Who is your art teacher?
B: My art teacher is Mrs. Jones.
A: When do you have art lesson?
初一下學期：
unit 1
pen pal 筆友 Australia 澳洲
Japan 日本 Canada 加拿大
France 法國 the United States 美國
Singapore 新加坡 the United Kingdom 英國
country 國家 Sydney 悉尼
New York 紐約 Paris 巴黎
Toronto 多倫多 Tokyo 東京
live 住 lauguage 語言
world 世界 in English 用英語
Japanese 日本人 French 法語
any 任何一個 dislike 不喜歡
Jodie 朱迪 Andrew 安德魯
Lucy 露西 King 金（姓）
Sam 薩姆 Julie 朱麗
Unit12
rule規則 hallway走廊;過道 classroom教室
fight打架;爭吵 Ms女士 outside外面的;在外部的
dining進餐;吃飯 hall大廳;禮堂 have to不得不;必須
else其他的;別的;另外的 sports shoes運動鞋 gym體育館
Dr醫生(縮寫) by到---之前;不遲於 wash洗;洗滌
later後來;以後 the Childen's Palace少年宮 notalking不許講話
loudly大聲地
句型免費給你12個單元
Unit 1
1. Where is your pen pal from?
--He』s from Australia.
=Where does your pen pal come from?
-- He comes from Japan.
Where are you from?
--I』m from the United States.
2. Where does she live?
--She lives in Paris.
3. What language does he speak？
--He speaks French.
4. Where is Toronto?
--It』s in Canada.
Unit 2
1.Is there a bank near here (in the neighborhood)?
--Yes, there is. It』s on Center Street.
/ No, there isn』t.
2. Where』s the supermarket?
--It』s across from the post office.
3. Go straight down New Street and turn right.
4. Turn left at Bridge Street.
5. There』s a pay phone on your left.
Unit 3
1. Let』s see the koalas.
--Why do you like koalas
--Because they』re very cute.
2. Why does he like elephants?
--Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where』re lions from?
-- They』re from South Africa.
4. What (other) animals do you like.
--I like dolphins.
Unit 4
1. What does she do?/ What』s her job?/What』s she?
--She is a doctor/reporter/bank clerk/waiter…
What do you do? –I』m a shop assistant.
2. Where does she work?
She works in a hospital/TV station/bank/restaurant.
3. What does she want to be ?
-- She wants to be a policewoman.
4. Why does he want to be a policewoman?
--Because it』s an exciting job.
Unit 5
1. What are you doing?—I』m watching TV.
2. What is he/she doing?—He/She is cleaning.
3.What are they doing?-They』re talking on the phone
4. Is Nancy doing homework?
--No, she isn』t. She』s writing a letter.
5. Do you want to go to the movies?
--Yes, I do./Sure./That sounds good.
6. When do you want to go
--Let』s go at 8:00.
7. Where is he eating dinner? (現在進行時)
--He』s eating dinner at home.
8. Where do people play basketball? (一般現在時)
--They play basketball at school.
Unit6
1. How』s the weather in Fuzhou?
=What』s the weather like in Fuzhou?
---It』s sunny and hot. (windy and cool)
2. How』s it going?
--Pretty good/Great/Not bad/Terrible/Just so-so.
3.What do you do when it』s raining?
--I stay at home and read a book.
現在進行時
1.含義：表示現在正在進行或一段時間正在進行的動作標志詞：now, look, listen等。構成：be +V-ing
2.V-ing 變化規則：
1）一般加 ing 如play---playing watch---watching
2)以不發音的e 結尾,去e 加ing. 如: take----taking
3）元+輔結尾,且是重讀閉音節的單詞,雙寫輔音字
母+ing. 如:run----running swim----swimming
3.句式1）肯定句: 主語+be +v-ing+其它.
如: I am reading a book.
2）否定句：直接在be後加not.
如：I am writing.→ I am not writing.
3）一般疑問句及回答：問句,直接把be提前,肯定回答:Yes,主語+be 否定回答: No,主語+be+not
如：Are you drawing ? ---Yes,I am./No, I』m not.
4）特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語+v-ing+其它
如：What is he doing? Where is he reading books?
新目標英語七(下)unit1~6單元重點短語及片語
unit1 1、be/come from:來自
2、live in Paris:住在巴黎
3、write to me soon:快點給我寫信
4、play sports:運動、鍛煉
5、speak a little French:講一點法語
6、like going to the movies with my friends： 喜歡和我的朋友去看電影
7、tell sb about...告訴某人關於、、、、、、
8、an interesting country: 一個有趣的國家
9、in November： 在十一月
10、speak a little French： 說一點法語
11、like playing sports：喜歡做運動
12、her favorite language：她最喜歡的語言
13、write to Tom：寫信給湯姆
14、Jolie』s pen pal：朱利的筆友
15、likes and dislikes:好惡、愛憎
unit2 1、打擾了Excuse me
2、散步 take a walk
3、玩的開心 have fun
4、向左/右轉 turn left/right
5、一個干凈又寧靜的超市 : clean and quiet supermarket
6、一直走 go straight
7、穿過公園 go through the park
8、在右邊 on the right
9、歡迎來中國 Welcome to China
10、參觀格林大道 visit Green Street
11、世界之旅的開始 the beginning of the world tour
12、買一些食品 buy some food
13、飯店隔壁 next to the restaurant
14、乘計程車 take/have a taxi / by taxi
15、沿著長街走 go down /along/up Long Street
16、穿過第六大道 go through Sixth Street
17、在新公園右轉 turn right at New Park
18、在大橋街 on Bridge Street
19、旅途愉快 have a good trip
20、去學校的路 the way to school
21、郵局:post office
22、公用電話:pay phone
23、第五大街 Five Avenue
24、中心街道 on Center Street
25、靠近… next to
26、在…對面 be across from
27、在…和…之間 between... and....
28、在一個安靜/繁忙的街道上on a quiet/busy street
29、在附近 near here=in the neighborhood
30、在你家附近near your home
31、在你的右邊 on your right
32、歡迎到…來 welcome to...
33、花園區 the Garden District
34、花園游覽the garden tour
35、步行穿過…take a walk through
36、經過…pass...
37、有花園的房子… a house with a garden
38、….的開頭 the beginning of...
39、一個玩的高興的好地方a good palce to have fun
40、在超市買些食buy some food in the supermarket
41、去我家的路 the way to my home
42、一個干凈的公園a clean park
43、一條安靜的街道a quiet street
44、一家舊旅館an old hotel
45、一個繁華的超市a busy supermarket
46、三個很臟的房間three very dirty rooms
unit3 1、let sb do sth.讓某人做某事:Let him go .讓他走吧。
2、kind of=a bit =a little 稍微、有點
3、有點有趣：kind of interesting 4、有點懶：kind of lazy
5、來自南非：be from South Africa
6、對某人友好：be friendly to sb
7、和某人友好相處：be friendly with sb
8、喜歡做某事（習慣性的）：like doing sth 9、喜歡做某事（偶爾一次的、未發生的）： like to do sth
10、保持安靜：be/keep quiet
11、在白天：ring/in the day
12、在晚上：at night=in the night
13、每天：every day
14、每天的、日常的：everyday
15、和朋友一起玩：play with one's friends
16、在白天睡覺：sleep ring the day
17、他12歲：He is twelve years old.
18、起床：get up
19、吃葉子：eat leavies
unit4 1、他是干什麼的？： What does he do?=what's he?=What's his job?
2、和某人一起工作：work with sb
3、在、、、、、、工做：work at/in.....
4、為、、、、、、工作：work for...
5、給某人某物：give sth to sb=give sb sth
6、從、、、、得到、、、、：get sth from ....
7、穿著白色的制服：wear a white uniform（狀態）
8、穿上你的衣服：put on your coat（動作）
9、有點危險：kind of dangerous
10、兩個小偷：two thieves
11、和某人交談：talk to/with sb
12、談論、、、、、：talk about sb/sth
13、問某人問題：ask sb questions
14、工作得晚：work late
15、做某事遲到：be late for sth.
16、出去就餐：go out to dinners
17、忙碌：be busy
18、忙於做、、、： be busy with sth=be busy doing sth
19、對、、、、、、、感興趣：be/become interested in....
20、一個有趣的工作：an interesting job
21、努力工作：work hard
22、艱苦的工作：hard work
23、一項適合你的工作：a job for you
24、給你提供一個工作：have a job for you
25、和演員一起工作：work with actors
26、打電話給晚報：call the Evening Newspaper
27、在醫院：in/at a hospital
28、很多，許多：a lot of=lots of
29、 想要做……：want to do...
30、招聘廣告：want ads
31、其他年輕人：other young people
32、參加校園劇的演出：be in the school play
33、需要一名醫生：need a doctor
34、售貨員，店員： sales assistant
35、警官：police officer
36、銀行職員：bank clerk
37、 害怕，恐怕…： be afraid of
38、電視台：TV station
39、警察局：police station
40、流行歌手：pop singer
41、重要人物；Very Important Person
42、出去：go out
43、校園劇：school play
44、盡可能快地：as soon as possible
45、晚報：evening newspaper
46、數錢：count money
47、有點兒危險：kind of dangerous
48、寫故事：write stories
49、運動教練：a sports coach
50、圖書管理員：a library assistant
51、在將來：in the future
unit5 1、看電視：watch TV
2、看書： read a book=read books=do some reading
3、看一隻小鳥
5、看電影：go to the movies
6、做家庭作業：do (one's)homework
7、那聽起來還不錯：That sounds good/nice.
8、寫信：write a letter
9、這個電視劇無聊： This TV show is boring/isn't interesting.
10、等候、、、、、：wait for....
11、等候某人做某事：wait for sb to do sth
12、游泳：swim=have a swim=go swimming
13、購物：shop=go shopping=do some shopping
14、在圖書館：in the library
15、 打籃球：play basketball
16、謝謝你的來信：Thanks for your letter.
17、謝謝某人做某事：thanks/thank sb for doing sth
18、在第一張圖里：in the first photo
19、一些圖片：some photos
20、在游泳池裡游泳：swim at the pool
21、下一張圖片：the next photo
22、在家裡：at home
23、和某人在一起：be with sb
24、最後一張圖片：the last photo
25、我的全家福：a photo of my family
26、打電話：talk on the phone
27、我的一些照片：some of my photos
28、電視節目:TV show
29、這是、、、、、:This is....（介紹人用）
unit6 1、今天雲南的天氣怎麼樣？：How's the weather in Yunnan today?= What's the weather like in Yunnan today?
2、做晚飯：cook dinnner/supper
3、玩電腦游戲：play computer games
4、你怎麼樣？（兩人見面時）How's it going?
5、相當好：pretty good
6、好天氣：fine/nice weather
7、在雨中：in the rain
8、一個有風的晚上：a windy night
9、環球節目：Around The World show
10、中央電視台：CCTV
11、陽光明媚的一天：a beautiful,sunny day
12、許多人：many/a lot of /lots of people
13、在度假：on vacation(介詞）
14、在度假：take a vacation（動詞）
15、多雲的：be cloudy
16、刮風的：be windy
17、熱的/冷的/溫暖的/涼爽的/潮濕的： be hot/cold/warm/cool/humid
18、拍照：take photos=take a photo
19、躺在沙灘上：lie on the beach 正 躺在沙灘上：be lying on the beach
20、一群學生：a group of students
21、這群孩子：this group of children
22、打沙灘排球：play beach volleyball
23、看上去很酷/漂亮/年輕：look cool/beautiful/young
24、驚訝：be surprised +從句
25、驚訝做、、、、:be surprised to do sth
26、對、、、、、感到驚訝：be surprised at....
27、在高溫下/在這么熱的天：in this heat
28、玩的高興：have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself
29、戴圍巾：wear scarfs
30、中央電視台世界各地節目： CCTV's Around The World show
31、確實很舒適 ：really very relaxed
32、彈吉他：play the guitar
七年級（下）（Unit7-12）
Unit7
1.short/curly/long/straight hair：短/卷/長/直發
2.medium height/build：中等高度/身材
3.look like：看起來象
4.the captain of the basketball team：籃球隊隊長
5.be a little bit quiet：有點兒少言寡語
6.stop doing sth.：停止做某事
7.like playing chess ：喜歡下棋
8.wear glasses：戴眼鏡
9.a pop singer：一個流行歌手
10.a new look：一個新的形象
11.black/brow/blonde hair：黑色/棕色/金黃色的頭發
12.last month:上個月
13.a woman with long black hair:一個有著長長金發的婦女
『柒』 七年級英語上冊重點語法及試題
1.形容詞和副詞的比較級
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞後+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音節詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最後一個字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把變i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規則變化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
2.祈使句：
Sit down please
Don』t sit down, please.
3. there be 結構
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑問句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn』t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren』t.
否定句： There isn』t …. There aren』t….
4.一般現在時：通常用 「usually, often, every day, sometimes」。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
5.現在進行時：形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
6.
重點的句型：
1.How many + 復數名詞 + are there ...?
此句型是一個特殊疑問句，意思是\"在......有多少......？\"多用來對可數名詞的數量提問。How many 後面要接可數名詞的復數形式。如：
How many apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少個蘋果？
2.. What about ...?
此句型意思是\"......怎麼樣？\"、\"......呢？\"，通常用來詢問情況或徵求意見、看法等。其中的about是介詞，後面可接名詞、代詞或動詞等。如：
What about that computer? 那台電腦怎麼樣？
My gloves are red. What about theirs? 我的手套是紅色的，他們的呢？
What about playing games after school? 放學後做游戲怎麼樣？
3. What time is it?/What\'s the time?
英語中，常用這兩個句型來詢問現在的時間，意思是\"什麼時間了？\"或\"幾點了？\"其答語一般用\"It\'s + 時間.\"其中的it指代時間，翻譯時可不譯，常在句尾加上please，以表示委婉的語氣。如：
What time is it, please? 請問現在幾點了？
-It's about a quarter past ten. 大約十點十五分。
4. What colour + be + 主語?
詢問某物的顏色，一般用以What colour 開頭的特殊疑問句，其答語通常用\"It\'s/They\'re + 表示顏色的形容詞\"。如：
-What colour is her blouse? 她的襯衫是什麼顏色的？
-It's light blue. 是淺藍色的。
5.Whose + 名詞 + be + 其它？/Whose + be + 名詞？
英語中常用這兩個句型來詢問某事物屬誰所有。如：
Whose cup is that? 那是誰的杯子？
Whose are these photos? 這些照片是誰的？
6. It's time for + sth. /It's time to do sth. / It's time for sb. to do sth.
這個結構意思都是\"該做某事了\"，\"到做某事的時候了\"。如：
It's time for school. 到上學的時候了。
It\'s time to have supper. 該吃晚飯了。
7. 選擇疑問句：選擇疑問句是用or連接詢問的兩部分，以供選擇，答案必須是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用Yes或No回答
一般提出兩種或兩種以上的可能,問對方選擇哪一種.其結構可用一般疑問句,也可用特殊疑問句.供選擇的兩部分用or連接,前者讀升調,後者讀降調.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
選擇疑問句的答語必須是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑問句演化來的選擇疑問句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑問句演化來的選擇疑問句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not構成的選擇疑問句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
8.另外，「to be + going + 動詞不定式」這個特殊的結構可表示在未來即將要進行的動作。
例：He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他將在明天告訴我。
練習題：
There are ____ water in the bottle.（B）瓶子里有一點水
There are ____ water in the bottle.（A）瓶子里沒水了
There are ____ students in the classroom.（D）教室里有幾個學生
There are ____ students in the classroom（C）教室里沒有學生
There are ____ apples on the trees.（D）有幾個蘋果長在樹上
選項統一為
A、little B、a little C、few D、a few
3. Of course,every one of us_1__to make friends like food---they are useful to us,and they can help us when we are _2__need._3__you can make as many friends of this kind as possible.
(1) A.want B.will want C.wants
(2) A.in B.on C.for D.of
(3) A.And B.But C.So D.Because
答案：CAC
4.Twenty minutes later,John_1__a tree.His leg was broken,and it hurt _2__.
Mr smith _3__to mend the chair.then he_4__himself with a hammer.
(1) A.fell over B.fell from C.fell down D.fell on
(2) A.all the day B.all day C.whole day D.all days
(3) A.starts B.started C.was starting
(4) A.damaged B.knocked C.hit D.cut
答案：BABC
『捌』 初一上冊英語重要句型和語法
買本初中語法手冊
『玖』 七年級上冊英語的語法知識
初一上冊英語語法
1.there be 句型 「有」指 「某地有某物」形式 ：there is, there are
例：There is some food in the fridge。冰箱里有一些食物。
There are many books on the desk. 桌上有許多書。
區分：there is 用於修飾單數名詞和不可數名詞 ，例如：a book , an egg, milk， ice-cream .......
there are 用來修飾可數名詞復數
如果要表達某處沒有某物 則要用there be 句型的否定形式，即在there be 後加not ,即 there be not
形式：there is not (there isn't) there are not (there aren't)
例： There isn't any milk in a glass。
There aren't any vegetables in the fridge.
若表示是否有，則要用 there be 句型的疑問句 即把be 提前 Be there 形式 Is there , Are there
例：Is there any milk in the glass?
Are there any vegetables in the fridge?
注意：這里涉及some any 的用法 some 用於肯定句中，any 用於否定句和疑問句中。但是在表示請求的
疑問句中，是想要得到肯定答復的，要用some。例：Would you like some milk?
對於there be 疑問句的回答：肯定：Yes,there is\are. No,there isn't\aren't.
2.have\has got 有 指某人有某物
例：I have a dog.我有一隻狗。
He has a sister and a brother.他有一個姐姐和一個弟弟。
區分 ：have\ has: have用來修飾第一人稱和第二人稱和第三人稱復數（I ，we ，they) has用來修飾第三
人稱單數（she, he , it ）
若表示某人沒有某物，則要用否定形式，即在have\has got 後加not 即have not (haven't)got ,has not
(hasn't)got.
例：I haven't got a sister but i have a brother.
She hasn't got bright eyes and long hairs.
某人是否有某物則要用have\has got的疑問形式，Have\Has +sb.\sth. + got
Have they got a picnic at weekends?
Has the dog got a host family?
回答：肯定：Yes, i \we \they have. Yes , she\ he \ it has.
否定：No , i \ we \ they haven't. No, she \he \it hasn't.
注意：there be 和 have got 的區別 兩者雖都指"有"，但側重點不同。
例：《1》There are some food in the fridge.
<2>The fridge has got some food.
雖然都是「冰箱里有食物」但（1）句側重於食物，（2）句側重於冰箱。
3.be(am is are)
用法：我用am 你用are is連著她他它，單數用is，復數用are
例：I am a stident. She is a beutiful girl. He is a child. It is a dog.
You are my teacher. They are my friends, The boys all are England.
be 的否定形式 直接加not 即 am not, are not , is not.
例：I am not an English. I am Chinese.
She isn't kind. They aren't my friends.
疑問形式把be提前 即 be+ 主語......？
例：Is he your father?
Are they going to have a party?
回答：肯定：Yes, I am. Yes,she \ he \it is. Yes , you \ we \ they are.
否定： No, I am not. No, she \ he \ it isn't. No , you \ we \ they aren't.
be的句式， 所用情況：
1》be + 形容詞（adj.). 例：I am very happy.
2> be+ 名詞（n.) 例：He is a boy.
3> be + 介詞短語 例：She is in the school.
4> be＋形容詞短語例： He is only 11 years old.
5> be+ 副詞 例：Class is over.
4. 情態動詞 can
can 可以 能夠，表示某人能做某事 用法：can+v.原 不能做某事，則用can 的否定形式：
cannot (can't)+v.原
can沒有人稱和數的變化,因此誰能（不能）做某事都能用can
若表示某人是否能做某事 則要用can 的疑問形式，即can+sb.……？
例：I can speak Chinese. I can't speak English. Can you speak English?
He can swim but he can't play football.
Can she play the piano?
疑問句回答 ：肯定：Yes, I \she \ you \ he \it \they \ we can.
否定：No, I \ she \ he \it \ you \ we \ they can't.
注意：can 表示「能力」時，指現在的能力，並不指過去或將來的能力。
5 . 情態動詞would 想 主要用於 would you like to ...句型中，表示邀請。
例：Would you like to go to school with me ?
回答一般有兩種形式：1 表示願意：I' like \ love to. 2 拒絕：Sorry, 原因。
注意：would like to 本身並不表示邀請， 而是想要。例：I would like to some books.
另外，表示邀請還能說：Let's...... Shall we...... What \ How about.......
還要注意邀請時詢問信息的表達方式：1）詢問時間：When is... 2) 詢問地點： Where is....
6 行為動詞的一般現在時
用法：
1.如果表示某人經常性或習慣性做某事，則要用行為動詞的一般現在時
He goes to school every day.
They eat dinner in the evening.
2.若表示某人現在的動態，也可用一般現在時。
I know him very well. 我和他很熟。
He likes English very much. 他非常喜歡英語。
若表示否定意義，若主語是第一人稱或第二人稱或第三人稱復數，只要在謂語動詞後加not，即do not
(don't) ，若主語是第三人稱單數，則要在謂語動詞後加does not (doesn't)
例：I don't go to school every day.
She doesn't goes to the shop every day.
You don' t sing vell well.
若表示是否經常做某事 則要用疑問意義，將do \ does 提前即可
例：Do you write a composition every day? 你每天寫一篇作文嗎？
Does it smell good? 它聞起來很香嗎？
注意：行為動詞的一般現在時中涉及了頻度副詞，用法：用於行為動詞之前，be動詞之後
常見的頻度副詞有：often ，always ， usually ， never ,seldom ，sometimes等
7.變法總結
名詞變復數（1）一般在詞尾加-s 例詞：bags, vegetables ， books
（2）以s , x , ch , sh 結尾的加-es 例詞: watches , boxes , buses ， brushes
(3)以o 結尾的加-es 例詞：兩人兩菜：heroes 英雄 negroes 黑人 tomatoes 西紅柿
potatoes 土豆
（4）以o 結尾的加-s 例詞：zoos , zeros
(5) 以 輔音字母+y 結把y 變 i 加-es 例詞：baby——babies ，city——cities
(6)以 f 或 fe 結尾 ，把f 或 fe變成 -ves 例詞：beaf——beaves ， life——lives
第三人稱單數變化形式和名詞變復數變化形式相同