英語虛擬語氣語法總結表格

A. 高考英語虛擬語氣用法總結

一.概念: 動詞虛擬語氣表示說話人的願望, 假設, 猜測, 建議, 請求, 意圖, 設想等未能或不可能成為事實的情況, 或者在說話人看來實現可能性很小的情況, 而不表示客觀存在的現實

二.虛擬語氣的表現形式: 通過句中謂語動詞的特殊形式來表現. 這些特殊形式與謂語動詞的某些時態相同, 但它們只表示語氣, 而不表示時態, 但含有一定的時間概念

虛擬語氣的用法

一.虛擬語氣在簡單句中的用法: 謂語動詞用原形或may +動詞原形

1.表示祝願

a. Long live our country.

b. May you succeed.

c. May you be happy all your life.

2.表示命令

a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的用法: (使用虛擬語氣的含條件句的復合句稱為真實條件句)

1.表示與現在事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語用動詞的過去式 (be動詞的過去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的謂語用should / would / could / might +動詞原形 (should多用於第一人稱, would多用於二三人稱, could / might可用於所有人稱)

a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.

b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.

c. If they didn』t take exercises every day, they wouldn』t be so healthy.

d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.

e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.

2.表示與過去事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語用had done形式, 主句的謂語用should / would / could / might + have done的形式

a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday』s exam.

c. If you had taken the teacher』s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

3.表示與將來事實相反的情況時, if從句的謂語形式是: ①.完全動詞過去式 (be的過去式通常用were); ②.should +動詞原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③種情況都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的謂語的形式是: should / would / could / might +動詞原形

a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.

d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.

三.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中用法的幾個變體:

1.條件從句省略if: 在書面語中, 如果條件從句中的謂語中有were, had, should等詞, 可將if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首

a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.

b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

2.省略條件從句或主句, 省略部分的含義仍有所體現. 省略主句時, 表示己不能實現的願望

a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).

b. I wouldn』t smoke (if I were you).

c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起該多好啊)

d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!

3.主從句時間不一致時, 主從句謂語動詞的形式取決於要表示的具體時間

a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.

b. If she hadn』t trained so hard, she wouldn』t be able to run so fast.

4.假設的條件不以條件從句, 而以其他方式如介詞短語、從句等表達出來, 這種句子稱為含蓄條件句

a. What would you do with a million dollars?

b. Without music, the world would be a ll place.

c. We could have done better with more money.

d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

四.虛擬語氣在as if / though從句中的用法:

1.表示與現在事實相反或對相在情況有所懷疑, as if / though從句謂語用過去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.

b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示與過去事實相反的情況, as if / though從句謂語用過去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

五.虛擬語氣在含even if / though從句的復合句中的用法:

在此類復合句中, 若表示與事實相反, 可用虛擬語氣形式. 主從句的謂語動詞形式與非真實條件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法:

如果表示說話人的看法, 想法或意見, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that從句中, 主語從句中可用虛擬語氣. 主語從句中謂語動詞用should do表示現在或將來情況, 用should have done表示過去情況

a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.

b. It is important that you should take the doctor』s advice.

c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.

七.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法:

1.在wish的賓語從句中, 通常表示不可能實現或沒有實現的願望, 常用虛擬語氣

①.wish的賓語從句用過去式, 表示現在或將來沒有實現或不可能實現的願望

a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.

b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.

c. I wish I could help you.

d. I wish I were young.

②.wish的賓語從句用過去完成式, 表示過去沒有實現或不可能實現的願望

a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.

b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.

③.wish的賓語從句若用would, 則一般表示請求, 對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變

a. I wish the prices would come down.

b. I wish you would help me.

c. I wish he would be more careful.

d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.

2.在動詞suggest (建議), advise (建議), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (堅持)後的賓語從句中, 謂語動詞常用( should )+動詞原形的虛擬語氣形式

a. I suggested that we should go there at once.

b. I demand that he should answer me at once.

c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.

d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.

與名詞suggestion建議 / advice 建議 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有關的從句(包括同位語從句和表語從句等)中的謂語也用 ( should ) +動詞原形

a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.

b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.

c. I was Bill』s suggestion that everybody should have a map.

d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.

八.虛擬語氣用在句型: It is time that(該做某事了)中: that從句中的謂語動詞用過去式

a. It is time we got up.

九.虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中: 表示但願, 要是就好了, 其中謂語形式與wish的賓語從句相同

a. If only he didn』t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn』t drive so fast.)

b. If only he had taken the doctor』s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor』s advice.)

c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)

十.虛擬語氣用在would rather / prefer後的that從句中: 表示現在或將來情況謂語動詞用過去時形式, 表示過去情況動詞用過去完成時形式

a. I would rather he came next Saturday.

b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.

c. I would rather that he painted the house blue

B. 求if虛擬語氣表格

C. 虛擬語氣語法總結

英語中虛擬語氣是說話的人表示假設或者難以實現的表達，可以用wish.hope.if引導，如:If there were no air, people would die.

D. 英語虛擬語氣具體語法。謝謝

虛擬語氣應該是強制性的知識點三個第一和第二單元。
下的虛擬語氣兩個常規測試點：

一，名詞性從句應該做的結構，應該被忽略。在名詞性從句，如果存在「命令，建議，要求，計劃」字，無論什麼名詞性從句時，需要使用虛擬語氣的。如：

他建議我們（應）完成任務的時間是賓語從句，提出了「建議」的意思。另一個例子是在表語從句中使用的詞：。

他的建議是，我們（應）完成任務的時間

在本節中，關鍵是要注意：如果句主語和被動動詞之間的關系，那麼他們會使用（應該）做結構，就像同樣的情態動詞的被動形式。如：

他下令任務（應該）按時完成

在虛擬語氣第二個條件狀語從句。子句和主句的動詞有嚴格的要求，具體如下：

子句，則主句

而現在正好相反：沒有/被會/可以/應該/可以做

和過去的相反的：做了會/可以/應該/可能有母鹿

和未來的相反：沒有/是做/應該做會/可以/應該/可以做

例如：如果當時你不幫我們，我們不能完成它的工作原理。

如果你沒有幫我們的話，我們就不能完成該項目。 （相對於過去）。

如果我是你，我會用另一種方法。

如果我是你，我會用另一種方式來做到這一點。 （現在的對面），短語，要注意，我用的是。盡管受試者是單數，一般假設語氣過去時，不能使用了。

這些是基本的規則，當然，還有很多其他的。如：

我希望....這種結構是賓語從句在名詞性從句，但它使用上述相同的虛擬語氣是不是和我在一起。這句話，時態的賓語從句走了一步過去。即：如果相反，與過去時，如果和過去相反，在過去使用時已完成，如果違反了現在和將來與過去的未來。

這樣的：我希望我是一隻鳥，現在相反

我希望我之前和過去相反..

要將所有沒有浪費了很多時間關於具體的，比較難，我建議你看看下面的語法書系統的通話效果會更好。

E. 高考英語虛擬語氣語法總結

虛擬語氣，對過去虛擬，從句用過去完成時

虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的一種願望，假設，懷疑，猜測， 建議等含義，虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。

If I were you, I'd take them away.

如果我是你的話，我就會帶走他們。

If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.

如果我碰見了李華，我就告訴了他了。

If I had time. I could come to help you.

如果我有時間，我會來幫助你的。

He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.

他建議說我們的班應該分成五個小組。

He speaks to us as if he had been there.

他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。

虛擬語氣的用法

1) 虛擬語氣用在簡單句中，表示祝願，命令。

May you be happy.

祝你幸福。

May you have a good time.

祝願你玩的痛快。

May the friendship between us last long.

祝願我們的友情天長地久。

Have a good journey!

祝願你旅途愉快！

You go out！

你出去！

2) 虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中。動詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等詞後面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣， 賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種願望，要求。

I wish she would be on my side.

我希望她能站在我一邊。

I wish I could help him.

我希望我能幫助他。

He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.

他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。

動詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 後面的從句中，"should" 可以省略。

The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

老師建議我們課後把黑板擦了。

He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.

他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。

3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。

在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 後面的從句中的謂語動詞用： should + 動詞原形

It's necessary that we should have a walk now.

我們有必要出去散散步。

It's natural that she should do so.

她這樣做是很自然的。

It's important that we should take good care of the patient.

重要的是我們要照顧好病人。

4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中。

虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的主句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時，動詞有三種時態形式，即現在，過去和將來。

與現在事實相反的：

條件從句 結果從句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 動詞過去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 動詞原形。 He (you,they) would + 動詞原形。

與過去事實相反的：

條件從句 結果從句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 過去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。He (you,they) would + have + 過去分詞。

If I were you, I should buy it.

如果我是你，我就買了它。

If I had time, I would study French.

如果我有時間，我會學習法語的。

If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.

如果她懂英語的話，她不會找我幫忙的。

If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.

如果你早一點起床，就會趕上火車的。

If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.

如果明天天氣好，我就去買東西。

有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題：

1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略 if，而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。

Were she younger, she would do it .

如果她年青點， 她就會乾的。

Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.

如果他知道她的地址，他會去看她的。

2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。

I could help you.

我本來可以幫助你。

If I had time.

我要有時間該多好啊。

She should have come to the party.

她應該來參加聚會。

If he had much more money.

如果他有更多的錢就能...。

3) 虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。

If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.

如果他們以前努力學習的話，現在乾的就會容易些。

If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.

如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會幹得這樣好。

F. 英語虛擬語氣的表格，高中范圍內的

G. 英語虛擬語氣的16種時態，他們長得都是啥樣子呀請老師發一張表格。

虛擬語氣和
動詞時態要
分開來!
不然混在一起
不好掌握

H. 英語 虛擬語氣語法

虛擬語氣
1、在非真實條件句中，謂語動詞用虛擬語氣。非真實條件有以下三類：
（1）與現在事實相反的非真實條件句，謂語動詞形式如下：
從句：過去時 主句：would/should/could/might+動詞原形。如
If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice.
如果我是你的話，我就請教老師。
（2）與過去事實相反的非真實條件句，謂語動詞形式如下：
從句：過去完成時 主句：would/should/could/ might +have+動詞過去分詞。如
If I hadn't taken the wrong bus, I wouldn't have missed the contest.
如果我沒有搭錯車，我就不會不參加競賽。
（3）與將來事實相反的非真實條件句，謂語動詞形式如下：
從句：過去時/should /were to +動詞原形 主句：would/should/could/might+動詞原形。如
If I had enough money next month, I would buy a of "The Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English".
如果我下個月有足夠的錢，我就會買一本《現代高級英語學習詞典》。
（4）混合時間條件句：主句和從句不一定用指同一時間的動詞。如
If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend.
假如我以前學過法語，現在就能給我們的法國朋友當翻譯。
（註：if從句與過去事實相反，用過去完成時；而主句與現在事實相反，用would+動詞原形。）
（5）含蓄條件句：有時假設的條件不通過條件從句來表示而含蓄在介詞短語或上下文中。如：
Without the warmth and light of the sun, the earth's vegetation would die almost immediately.
沒有太陽的熱量和光，地球上的植物幾乎會馬上死去。
2、虛擬語氣在某些從句中的應用：
（1）用於suggest, order, insist, demand等動詞後的賓語從句，如
We suggested that they (should)make a trip to Hong Kong next year.
我建議他們明年去香港旅遊。
（2）用於wish後的賓語從句
①與現在事實相反的願望
句型：主語+wish+從句（主語+過去時…）
I wish I were you.
但願我是你多好呀。
How I wish it wasn't raining!
現在要是不下雨該多好啊！ （我多麼希望現在不下雨。）
②與過去事實相反的願望
句型：主語+wish+從句（主語+過去完成時…）
I wish I had learned more.
我多麼希望我以前多學一些啊！
He wishes he hadn't made the big mistake.
他要是不犯那個大錯誤該多好啊！
③與將來的願望相反（願望難以實現）
句型：主語+wish+從句（主語+過去將來時…）
The last chance has been lost. How he wishes he could have another chance.
最後一次機會失去了，他多麼希望他能再有一次機會啊！
（3）用於as if (as though)引導的從句
在as if (as though)引導的從句中，如果談論的是不可能或不真實的情況，它們所引導的表示虛擬性比喻或方式的狀語從句要用虛擬語氣。動詞形式和wish後面的從句中動詞形式變化相同。
He speakes English as if he were an Englishman.
他說起英語好象他是個英國人似的。
They talked about the city as if (though) they had been there before.
他們談論那座城市，就好像他們以前去過那兒似的。
He stood up as if (though) he would speak.
他站起來好像要發言似的。
注意：當as if (though)引導的從句用於動詞seem, appear, look, sound, smell等後面時，as if (though)從句的謂語有時依句意需要，也可用陳述語氣，表示說話者認為有可能是事實的事。試比較：
It seems as if she knew me.
好像他早就認識我似的。 （事實上他不認識我。）
It seems as if she knows me.
好像他認識我。 （事實上他認識我的可能性很大。）
（4）用於in order that ,so that引導的目的狀語從句。如
The professor spoke slowly in order that the listeners could hear hem clearly.
教授說的很慢，好讓聽眾聽清楚。
（5）用於It is (high) time引起的從句。如
It is time we stopped this practice.
現在是結束這種做法的時候了。