英語時態總結表格16語法表

Ⅰ 跪求一份詳細的英語16種時態表（包括系表結構呀）

我來給你貼個表:

動詞吋態表

Ⅱ 英語16種被動時態總結

動詞的時態

一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。
時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。

一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。
時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth"到……時間了""該……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了""早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed.你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示'寧願某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：
一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)

注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情態動詞 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?

used to/be used to
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk.(過去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現在習慣於散步)
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看 出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。

一般將來時
1)shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2)be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。
The play is going to be proced next month。
c. 有跡象要發生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3)be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4)be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

be going to/will
用於條件句時， be going to表將來
will表意願
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排)

一般現在時表將來
1）下列動詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2）倒裝句，表示動作正在進行，如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3）在時間或條件句中。
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等後。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.

用現在進行時表示將來
意為："意圖"、"打算"、"安排"、常用於人。常用詞為 come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。
I'm leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week?

現在完成時
現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態，其結果的確和現在有聯系。動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。

比較過去時與現在完成時
1）過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2）過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3）現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
舉例：
I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

用於現在完成時的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時.
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
典型例題
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時。
注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
（錯）I have received his letter for a month.
（對）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(現在我仍在這里工作。)
小竅門：當現在完成時+一段時間，這一結構中，我們用下面的公式轉化，很容易就能排除非延續動詞在完成時中的誤使。
1)(對) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(錯) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.

since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraate student.

延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1) 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結 果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。
He has completed the work.他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)
I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
2)用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"
He didn't come back until ten o'clock.
他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o'clock.
他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現在完成時。

過去完成時
1） 概念：表示過去的過去
----|-----------|-----------|---->其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前那時現在
2） 用法
a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3)過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
典型例題
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前，因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去，用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點，表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下，when所引導的動作發生。因此前一句應用過去進行時。
注意：had no … when還沒等…… 就……
had no sooner… than剛…… 就……
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.

用一般過去時代替完成時
1)兩個動作如按順序發生，又不強調先後，或用then，and，but 等連詞時，多用一般過去時。
When she saw the mouse，she screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2 ) 兩個動作相繼發生，可用一般過去時；如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3)敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

將來完成時
1) 構成will / be going to do sth.
2) 概念
a. 狀態完成：表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。
b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經完成的動作或一獲得的經驗。
They will have been married for 20 years by then.
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.

現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法：
a. 表示現在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
b. 習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(說話時並未在寫，只處於寫作的狀態。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
c. 表示漸變的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。
You are always changing your mind.
典型例題
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態，應用進行時，由於沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應用完成時，瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。

不用進行時的動詞
1) 事實狀態的動詞
have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue
I have two brothers.
This house belongs to my sister.
2) 心理狀態的動詞
Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate
I need your help.
He loves her very much.
3 ) 瞬間動詞
accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.
I accept your advice.
4) 系動詞
seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn
You seem a little tired.

過去進行時
1） 概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。
2） 過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。
3) 常用的時間狀語
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
典型例題
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
read； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，後跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

將來進行時
1) 概念：表示將來某時進行的狀態或動作，或按預測將來會發生的事情。
She'll be coming soon.
I'll be meeting him sometime in the future.
注意：將來進行時不用於表示"意志"，不能說 I'll be having a talk with her.
2）常用的時間狀語
Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening
By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach.

英語教師團真誠為您解惑

Ⅲ 英語各個時態用表格總結出來，詳細點，謝謝！

本想做成表格記起來更方便，但出來以後行列對不齊，看起來困難，所以成這樣錯了，一共只有十種被動時態。完成進行時的被動時態一般不用，被動意義用完成

Ⅳ 求16個關於英語時態的表格

16個時態中，常用的有12個：一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、過去將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、將來進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、將來完成時、現在完成進行時和過去完成進行時。其他時態很少單獨使用.
1、一般現在時
通常以動詞原形表示。主語為第三人稱單數時，用現單三形式。
動詞be和have(表示「擁有」)各人稱的單數形式為：
第一人稱單數 第二人稱單數 第三人稱單數
Have Have Have Has
Be Am Are is
一般現在時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：
動詞be 與 have（表示「擁有」）：否定式直接把not放在動詞之後，疑問式直接把動詞放在主語之前，見下表：
否定式 疑問式
Be Have Be Have
I am not (I』m not)… I have not (haven』t)… Am i…? Have i…?
You are not (aren』t)… You have not (haven』t)… Are you…? Have you…?
He is not (isn』t)… He has not (hasn』t)… Is he …? Has he …?
動詞be 的否定疑問式和簡單回答：
否定疑問式 肯定回答 否定回答
Am I not (aren』t i)…? Yes, you are. No, you aren』t
Are you not (aren』t you)…? Yes, I am. No, I』m not.
Is he not (isn』t he)…? Yes, he is. No, he isn』t
動詞be 與 have(表示「擁有」)：否定式直接把not放在動詞之後，疑問式直接把動詞放在主語之前，見下表：
否定式 疑問式
Be Have Be Have
I am not (I』m not)… I have not (haven』t)… Am i…? Have I …?
You are not (aren』t)… You have not (haven』t)… Are you …? Have you…?
He is not (isn』t)… He has not (hasn』t)… Is he …? Has he …?
動詞have(表示「擁有」) 的否定疑問式和簡單回答：
否定疑問式 肯定回答 否定回答
Have I not (haven』t i)…? Yes, you have. No, you haven』t.
Have you not (haven』t you)…? Yes, I have. No, I haven』t.
Has he not (hasn』t he)…? Yes, he has. No, he hasn』t.
注意：have 作為行為動詞則只能按照行為動詞的規則變化。
行為動詞（以study為例）一般現在時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答（注意要加助動詞do/does）
否定式 疑問式
I do not (don』t) study Do I study
You do not (don』t) study Do you study
He does not (doesn』t) study Does he study

否定疑問句式 簡單回答（肯定/否定）
Do I not (Don』t I) study…? Yes, I do. No, I don』t.
Do you not (Don』t you) study…? Yes, you do. No, you don』t.
Does he not (Doesn』t he) study…? Yes, he does. No, he doesn』t.
2、現在進行時
由助動詞be ＋ 現在分詞構成。其中be有人稱和數的變化，有三種形式：第一人稱單數用am, 第三人稱單數用is, 其他用are。
現在進行時的否定式是：直接在助動詞be後面加上not；疑問式是：把助動詞be提到主語之前。以study 為例：
否定式 疑問式
I am not studying Am I studying?
You are not studying, Are you studying?
He is not studying. Is he studying?
5、一般過去時
一般過去時通常由動詞過去式表示。一般過去時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式要用助動詞do 的過去式did, 同時注意實義動詞要用原形。以study 為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：
否定式 疑問式
I did not (didn』t) study…. Did I study…?
You did not (didn』t) study…. Did you study…?
He did not (didn』t) study…. Did he study…?

否定疑問式 簡單回答 （肯定/否定）
Did I not (Didn』t I) study…? Yes, you did. No, you didn』t.
Di you not (Didn』t you) study…? Yes, I did. No, I didn』t.
Did he not (Didn』t he) study…? Yes, he did. No, he didn』t.
6、過去進行時
由助動詞be 的過去式 ＋ 現在分詞構成。其中be有人稱和數的變化，第一、第三人稱單數用was，其他用were.
1）過去進行時動詞主要表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行或持續進行的動作。過去進行時經常與過去時配合使用。例如：
This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 昨天這個時候，我們正在上英語課。
The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.  老師在給我們上課時，湯姆走進教室。
While we were having supper, all the lights went out. 我們吃飯的時候，燈滅了。
He was reading while she was setting the table. 她擺桌子時，他在讀書。
It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天漸漸黑下來了。風勢增強了。
2）過去進行時動詞常用always, continually, frequently 等詞連用，表示過去經常發生的行為。這種用法表明帶有的感情色彩。例如：
The two brothers were frequently quarreling when they were young. 兩兄弟小時候常吵架。
In Qing Dynasty, China was always making concessions to western powers. 清朝時，中國總是對西方列強妥協。
7、過去完成時
一律用had + 過去分詞構成。
用法：
1）表示發生在過去某一時間或動作之前的事情，即「過去的過去」。用過去完成時，必須有一個過去的時間或動作來作參照，說明在此之前某事已發生。如果兩個動作都是在過去發生的，先發生的用過去完成時，後發生的用一般過去時。例如：
She told me she had been there three times before. 她告訴我她以前到過那裡三次。（「去過」發生在「告訴」之前）
How long had he taught here by the end of last term? 到上學期末為止，他在這里教學多長時間啦？ （「教學」發生在上學期末結束之前）
When we arrived, the football match had already begun. 我們到的時候，足球賽已經開始了。
She had visited China twice before she came this year. 她今年來中國之前已訪問過中國兩次了。
2）過去完成時動詞可以表示過去某一時刻之前發生的動作或呈現的狀態，這一動作一直持續到過去這一時刻或將繼續下去。例如：
By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years. 到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了。
By six o』clock they had worked for eight hours. 到六點為止，他們已工作八小時了。
When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time. 我到上海時，他在那裡很長時間了。
3）過去完成時動詞常用於間接引語和虛擬語氣，我們以後會詳細講述。
4）此外，過去完成時常用於 no sooner…than… 和 hardly(scarcely) …when… 這兩個句型，前面部分用過去完成時，後面部分用一般過去時。例如：
No sooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. = He had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. 他剛偷到錢包就被當場抓獲。
Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured. = Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured. 薩達姆還沒有意識到在發生什麼事情就被抓獲了。
8、過去完成進行時
had been + 動詞的現在分詞。
用法：表示一直持續到過去某個時間的行為動作，此行為動作或剛結束、或還沒結束（可以從上下文看出）。這一時態經常與一般過去時一起使用。例如：
When he came in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of hours. 他進來的時候，我一直在努力修理電視機好幾個小時了
The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days. 道路很危險。雨一直下了兩整天。
They were tired because they had been digging since dawn. 他們累了，因為從天亮開始他們就一直在挖。
The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike. He had been hoping for one for a long time. 那男孩得到一輛新山地自行車很高興。很長時間來他一直希望有一輛。
9、一般將來時
一般將來時動詞表示將來發生的動作或情況。主要有以下幾種表現形式：
（1）shall/will + 動詞原形
表示單純的將來，不涉及主語的主觀意願。第一人稱I, we用shall 或will，其餘用will. 其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：
否定式 疑問式
I shall/will not study…. Shall I study…?
You will not study…. Will you study…?
He will not study…. Will he study…?

否定疑問式 簡單回答（肯定/否定）
Shall I not (shan』t i) study…? Yes, you will. No, you won』t.
Will you not (Won』t you) study…? Yes, I shall/will. No, I shan』t/won』t.
Will he not (Won』t he) study….? Yes, he will. No, he won』t.
例如：
I shall be twenty years old next year. 我明年二十歲。
The sky is black. I think it will rain. 天黑下來了。我想可能會下雨。
You will meet him at the station this afternoon. 你下午會在車站碰到他。
The train will arrive soon. 火車快要到了。
When shall we see you next time? 我們下次什麼時候能看見你呢？
He probably won』t go with us.  他大概不能和我們一起去。
注意：
1）shall, will的縮寫形式為』ll, 如I』ll, you』ll, he』ll 和she』ll等。
2）will 用於第一人稱時，可以表示將來的意願、決心、允諾、命令等；shall用於第二、三人稱時，可以表示說話人的將來的意願。例如：
I will give you a new pen for your birthday. 我將送你一支新鋼筆作為生日禮物。（允諾）
I will take the college entrance examination. 我將參加大學入學考試。（決心）
Shall I open the window?  我打開窗戶好嗎？（徵求允諾）
You shall have the book as soon as I get it. 我一拿到書就給你。（說話人的允諾）
The enemy shall not pass.  決不讓敵人通過。（說話人的保證）
I will do my best to help you.  我願意盡力幫助你。（意願）
Nobody shall be late for the meeting. 任何人開會都不能遲到。（說話人的命令）
（2）be going + 動詞不定式
1）這種結構表示主體現在打算在最近或將來要做某事。這種打算往往是事先考慮好的。例如：
My brother is going to learn English next year.  我哥哥准備明年學英語。
I am going to meet Tom at the station at six. 我六點鍾要到火車站去接湯姆。
She is not going to be there.  她不會到那兒去的。
When are you going to finish your work?  你的工作什麼時候做完？
He is going to stay a week.  他准備呆一星期。
We are going to call a meeting to discuss it. 我們准備開個會來討論一下。
2）這種結構還可以表示說話人根據已有的跡象認為非常可能即將發生某事。例如：
Look at these black clouds？it is going to rain. 看這些烏雲？要下雨了。
I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪。
I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.  恐怕我要得重感冒。
10、將來進行時
shall/will be + 現在分詞
用法：將來進行時動詞表示在將來某一段時間內將會發生的動作。
This time next week we shall be working in that factory. 下星期這時候，我們將在那個工廠勞動。
When I get up tomorrow morning, my mother will be getting breakfast for me. 當我明天早晨起床時，我媽媽將在為我准備早飯。
I will be seeing him next month.  我下個月將要見他。
Tomorrow we will be going to the village fair.    我們明天去趕集。
We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.  七月份我們要去海邊度假。
一般將來時與將來進行時都表示將來，那麼如何區別一般將來時和將來進行時呢？將來進行時不表示個人意願，強調主觀上感覺某事即將發生，並對這一事情有著期待，感情色彩較濃，強調動作。一般將來時主要是對某一事情即將發生做一個事實性的說明或陳述，強調事實或意願。
11、過去將來時
（1）由should/would + 動詞原形構成。第一人稱用should; 第二、三人稱用would。美國英語所有人稱一律用would. should/would 的簡略形式為』d, 如I』d, you』d; would not 和should not的簡略形式分別為wouldn』t 和shouldn』t.
（2）過去將來時表示從過去某時間看將要發生的事情，多用在賓語從句中。還可以表示過去的傾向或過去經常發生的事情。如：
They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. 他們問我是否很快要去廣州。
She told me she would come again next week. 她和我說她下周還來。
I told him to leave immediately, but he wouldn』t. 我告訴他馬上離開，但他不。
He』d play the violin when he was in low spirits. 他情緒低落的時候，就拉小提琴。
When I was in college, I would find a part-time job ring the summer holidays every year to earn my tuition. 我上大學的時候，每年暑假都找份臨時工掙學費。
（3）其他表示過去將來時的結構：
12、將來完成時
shall/will + have + 過去分詞
用法：將來完成時動詞主要表示在將來的某一時刻或將來的某一時刻之前完成的動作，這一動作也可能繼續進行。例如：
By seven o』clock this afternoon we shall have got to Shanghai if the train keeps good line. 如果火車運行正常，我們今天下午七點就到上海了。
Before bedtime Xiao Ming will have completed his work. 到上床睡覺的時候，小明會做完他的工作（或作業）。
By February next year this foreign expert will have been here on this job for five years. 到明年二月，這個外國專家在這兒做這項工作就滿五年了。
By Sept. 2008 Beijing will have held/hosted the Olympic Games.  到2008年9月，北京將舉行完了奧運會。