Ⅰ 高中英語語法句型(全一點哦)
非謂語動詞
在句子中充當除謂語以外的句子成分的動詞形式叫做非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞分為三種形式:不定式,動名詞,和分詞(分詞包括現在分詞和過去分詞)。
1)不定式
時態\語態 主動 被動
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
2)動名詞
時態\語態 主動 被動
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
3)分詞
時態\語態 主動 被動
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
否定形式: not +不定式, not + 動名詞, not + 現在分詞
倒裝句之全部倒裝
全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和 一般過去時。常見的結構有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置於句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。
Here he comes. Away they went.
倒裝句之部分倒裝
部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞,則需添加助動詞do, does或did,並將其置於主語之前。
1) 句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
當Not until引出主從復合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。
注意: 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例題
1) Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 這是一個倒裝問題。當否定詞語置於句首以表示強調時,其句中的主謂須用倒裝結構。 這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的正常語序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2) Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型,我們知道為一倒裝句,答案在C,D 中選一個。
改寫為正常語序為,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 現在將not提前,後面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。
以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例題
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時,一般採用倒裝句(謂語前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意:只有當Not only… but also連接兩個分句時,才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置於句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個並列詞語,不可用倒裝結構。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
so, neither, nor作部分倒裝
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒裝。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.
典型例題
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案:B. nor為增補意思"也不關心",因此句子應倒裝。A錯在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不對且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。
注意: 當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時,不可用倒裝結構。意為"的確如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.
only在句首要倒裝的情況
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子為主從復合句,則主句倒裝,從句不倒裝
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
as, though 引導的倒裝句
as / though引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前 (形容詞, 副詞, 分詞, 實義動詞提前)。
注意:
1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。
2) 句首是實義動詞, 其他助動詞放在主語後。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語, 隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意:
讓步狀語從句中,有though,although時,後面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可連用。
其他部分倒裝
1) so… that 句型中的so 位於句首時,需倒裝。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2) 在某些表示祝願的句型中:
May you all be happy.
3) 在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動詞有were, had, should等詞,可將if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主語之前,採取部分倒裝。
Were I you, I would try it again.
典型例題:
1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案為D. 否定詞Not在句首,要求用部分倒裝的句子結構。
2) Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize
答案為B。
3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
解析:答案為B. 句中的nor引出部分倒裝結構,表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引導的倒裝句,表示前一情況的重復出現。其中, so用於肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。
名詞性從句
在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses)。 名詞從句的功能相當於名詞片語, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等,因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能,名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類:
連接詞:that,whether,if 不充當從句的任何成分)
連接代詞:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, which.
連接副詞:when, where, how, why
不可省略的連詞:
1. 介詞後的連詞
2. 引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
比較:whether與if 均為"是否"的意思。 但在下列情況下,whether 不能被if 取代:
1. whether引導主語從句並在句首
2. 引導表語從句
3. whether從句作介詞賓語
4. 從句後有"or not"
Whether he will come is not clear.
大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置於句末,用 it充當形式主語。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
名詞性that-從句
1)由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。 That只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔任任何成分,本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語,例如:
主語:That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他還活著全靠運氣。
賓語:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。
表語:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。
同位語:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近來誰也沒有見過他,這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。
形容詞賓語:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你對工作滿意我感到很高興。
2)That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that-從句置於句末,例如:
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整個計劃註定要失敗。
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系:
a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明顯……
b. It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句
It is believed that… 人們相信……
It is known to all that… 從所周知……
It has been decided that… 已決定……
c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常識
It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事實是……
d. It +不及物動詞+ that-分句
It appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
名詞性wh-從句
1)由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外,還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等,例如:
主語: How the book will sell depends on its author. 書銷售如何取決於作者本人。
直接賓語:In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家裡可以隨心所欲。
間接賓語:The club will give whoever wins a prize.
俱樂部將給得勝者設獎。
表語: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補足語:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什麼名字就取什麼名字。
同位語: I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什麼時候回來。
形容詞賓語:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她為什麼拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語: That depends on where we shall go.
那取決於我們去哪兒。
2)Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置於句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
還沒決定誰做這項工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他們何時結婚依然不明。
if, whether引導的名詞從句
1)yes-no型疑問從句
從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh-從句的功能相同, 例如:
主語:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。
賓語:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。
表語:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 問題在於我們是否應該借錢給他。
同位語:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他們調查他是否值得信賴。
形容詞賓語: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。
介詞賓語: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。
2)選擇性疑問從句
選擇性疑問從句由關聯詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。
Ⅱ 高中英語必須5的全部語法考點,和重點詞彙,句式,短語,固定搭配。。。求牛人解決!!!!
等到高考第一抄輪書發下來就有了,要知道,必修五再怎麼也是一本書啊,一本書總結,加例句講解,句式分析,要有多少啊,有多少人會為了這么幾分而去回答這么麻煩的問題,不如你哪些句式不大明白,再問,如果怕沒人答,可以問一些團隊,別的團隊不敢說,我們團隊看到了,一定會第一時間為您回答的
Ⅲ 高中英語語法包括什麼
一、關系代詞引導的定語從句
1、that 指人或物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
which 指物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語(作賓語時可以省略)
who 指人在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
whom 指人在從句中作賓語
whose 指人或物在從句中作定語
as 指人或物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
but 指人或物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
注意:指物時,whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which或 of which+the+名詞
2、as 的用法
(1)常用於下列結構:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意:the same…as 表示同一類,不同一個
the same…that 表示同一個
(2)as與which的區別
a、位置不同
as可放在主句後,主句前或主句中間;which只能放在主句後。
b、as起連接作用,表達說話人的觀點、看法,並指出主句內容的根據或出處,意為「正如,正像」。
Which相當於並列句,可以用and this來代替,意為「這一點,這件事』」。
注意:as常用於下列結構:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在從句中作主語時,which既可作系動詞be的主語也可作實義動詞的主語,而as只可作系動詞be的主語。
二、只用that不用which的情況
1、.先行詞為 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代詞時
2、先行詞被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修飾時.
3、 當先行詞是最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時。
4、 當先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾時。
5、當先行詞是數詞時.
6、 當先行詞既指人又指物時。
7、如有兩個定語從句,其中一個關系代詞已用which,另一個關系代詞則宜用 that。
8、主句是There be結構,修飾其主語的定語從句宜用that 作關系代詞。
9、被修飾成分為表語,或者關系代詞本身是定語從句的表語時,該關系代詞宜用that。
10、先行詞為what,關系代詞用that。
11、有時為了避免重復而使用that引導定語從句。
三、只用which不用that的情況
1、 當介詞放在關系代詞之前時。
2、 在非限制性定語從句中。
3、 當關系代詞指整個主句的概念時。
四、只用who不用that的情況
1、當先行詞是one, ones,anyone或those時。
2、there be 結構中。
3、當先行詞是人,後面有較長修飾語時。
4、為了避免重復或引起歧義。
5、當先行詞是I,you,he,they等時(常用於諺語中)。
6、先行詞是指成員的集體名詞。
7、who可以引導非限制性定語從句。
8、先行詞是擬人化的名詞。
9、先行詞指特定的人時用who,不指特定的人用that。
五、關系副詞引導的定語從句
1、when時間狀語
注意:It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略,從句用相應的完成時。
2、where 地點狀語
注意:當先行詞為模糊的地點時,如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名詞時用where.
3、why 原因狀語 先行詞為reason。
六、介詞與關系代詞
1、介詞如何確定
(1)依據定語從句中動詞的習慣搭配來確定
(2)依據先行詞的習慣搭配來確定
(3)根據意思來確定
(4)為了強調某一名詞,不定式前加上關系詞
2、關系代詞作介詞的賓語時,介詞的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介詞一起放在先行詞和從句之間,也可以把介詞放在從句中有關動詞的後面。
(2)含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開,介詞仍放在動詞的後面。
(3)關系代詞that在從句中作介詞賓語時,介詞不能放在它的前面,只能放在從句中有關動詞的後面。
(4)關系代詞whose也可以在從句中與它所修飾的名詞一起作介詞賓語。
3、「名詞/數詞/代詞+介詞+關系代詞」結構常見的形式有:名詞/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比較級/the+最高級…+of+which/whom。
七、定語從句中的主謂一致
1、關系代詞作從句的主語時,從句中謂語動詞的人稱和數要與先行詞保持一致,先行詞是句子時,從句的謂語動詞用單數形式。
2、「one of+復數名詞」位於關系代詞前作先行詞時,關系代詞在從句中作主語,從句的動詞通常用復數,但當one前有the,the only,the very等修飾時,從句的謂語動詞要用單數。
八、注意way和time後接定語從句的情況
1、當先行詞是way,且意為「方式、方法」時,引導定語從句的關系詞有下列三種形式:that/in which/不填。
注意:關系詞在從句中必須作狀語。如果關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語,按正常的定語從句分析。
2、當先行詞是time時,若time作「次數」講,應用that引導定語從句,that可省略;若time作「一段時間」講,應用關系副詞when或介詞at/ring+which引導定語從句。
Ⅳ 高中英語作文高級詞彙和短語總結
要想得高分,要盡可能時候比較高級的詞彙和比較復雜的語法結構。
具體很多語法比如從句、倒裝、強調。既簡單又使用。具體得根據你寫的文章的內容而定。但避免使用重復的句式,最典型的就是there be句型一用到底,老師特煩。
說幾個通用的吧!
過渡詞:
表示並列或遞進的過渡詞:
also,and,and then,too,in addition,furthermore,moreover,first,second,third,ect.
表示時間順序的過渡詞:
now,then,before,after,afterwards,ealier,later,soon,next,grallay,finally,etc.
表示空間順序的過渡詞:
near(to),far(from),in front of, behind,beside,soon,above,blew,to the right/left,around,outside,ect.
表示結果和原因的過渡詞:
because,since,so,as a result,for this reason,therefore,then,thus,otherwise,ect.
表示目的的過渡詞:
for this purpose,so that,ect.
表示解釋說明的過渡詞:
in fact,in this case,for example,for instance,ect.
表示總結的過渡詞:
finally,at last,in conclusion,as I have shown,in other words, in brief, in short, in general, on the whole,in a/one word,ect.
常用短語:
a series of一系列,一連串
above all首先,尤其是 after all畢竟,究竟
ahead of在...之前 ahead of time提前
all at once突然,同時 all but幾乎;除了...都
all of a sudden突然 all over遍及
all over again再一次,重新 all the time一直,始終
all the same仍然,照樣的 as regards關於,至於
anything but根本不 as a matter of fact實際上
apart from除...外(有/無) as a rule通常,照例
as a result(of)因此,由於 as far as ...be concerned就...而言
as far as遠至,到...程度 as for至於,關於
as follows如下 as if好像,彷彿
as good as和...幾乎一樣 as usual像平常一樣,照例
as to至於,關於 all right令人滿意的;可以
as well同樣,也,還 as well as除...外(也),即...又
aside from除...外(還有) at a loss茫然,不知所措
at a time一次,每次 at all絲毫(不),一點也不
at all costs不惜一切代價 at all events不管怎樣,無論如何
at all times隨時,總是 at any rate無論如何,至少
at best充其量,至多 at first最初,起先
at first sight乍一看,初看起來 at hand在手邊,在附近
at heart內心裡,本質上 at home在家,在國內
at intervals不時,每隔... at large大多數,未被捕獲的
at least至少 at last終於
at length最終,終於 at most至多,不超過
at no time從不,決不 by accident偶然
at one time曾經,一度;同時 at present目前,現在
at sb's disposal任...處理 at the cost of以...為代價
at the mercy of任憑...擺布 at the moment此刻,目前
at this rate照此速度 at times有時,間或
back and forth來回地,反復地
back of在...後面 before long不久以後
beside point離題的,不相乾的 beyond question毫無疑問
by air通過航空途徑 by all means盡一切辦法,務必
by and by不久,遲早 by chance偶然,碰巧
by far最,...得多 by hand用手,用體力
by itself自動地,獨自地 by means of用,依靠
by mistake錯誤地,無意地 by no means決不,並沒有
by oneself單獨地,獨自地 by reson of由於
by the way順便說說 by virtue of藉助,由於
by way of經由,通過...方法
e to由於,因為
each other互相 even if/though即使,雖然
ever so非常,極其 every now and then時而,偶爾
every other每隔一個的 except for除了...外
face to face面對面地 far from遠非,遠離
for ever永遠f or good永久地
for the better好轉 for the moment暫時,目前
for the present暫時,目前 for the sake of為了,為了...的利益
for the time being暫時,眼下 from time to time有時,不時
hand in hand手拉手,密切關聯 head on迎面地,正面的
heart and soul全心全意地 how about ...怎麼樣
in a hurry匆忙,急於 in case of假如,防備
in a moment立刻,一會兒 in a sense從某種意義上說
in a way在某種程度上 in a word簡言之,總之
in accordance with與...一致,按照 in addition另外,加之
in addition to除...之外(還) in advance預先,事先
in all總共,合計 in any case無論如何
in any event無論如何 in brief簡單地說
in charge of負責,總管 in common共用的,共有的
in consequence(of)因此;由於 in debt欠債,欠情
in detail詳細地 in difficulty處境困難
in effect實際上,事實上 in general一般來說,大體上
in favour of支持,贊成 in front of面對,在...前
in half成兩半 in hand在進行中,待辦理
in honour of為慶祝,為紀念 in itself本質上,就其本身而言
in line with與...一致 in memory of紀念
in no case決不 in no time立即,馬上
in no way決不 in order按順序,按次序
in other words換句話說 in part部分地
in particular特別,尤其 in person親自,本人
in place在合適的位置 in place of代替,取代,交換
in practice在實踐中,實際上 in proportion to與...成比例
in public公開地,當眾 in quantity大量
in question正在談論的 in regard to關於,至於
in relation to關於,涉及 in return作為報答/回報/交換
in return for作為對...報答 in short簡言之,總之
in sight被見到;在望 in spite of盡管
in step齊步,合拍 in step with與...一致/協調
in tears流著淚,在哭著 in the course of在...期間/過程中
in the distance在遠處 in the end最後,終於
in the event of如果...發生,萬一 in the face of即使;在...面前
in the first place首先 in the future在未來
in the least絲毫,一點 in (the)light of鑒於,由於
in the way擋道 in the world究竟,到底
in time及時 in touch聯系,接觸
in turn依次,輪流;轉而 in vain徒勞,白費力
instead of代替,而不是 just now眼下;剛才
little by little逐漸地 lots of許多
Ⅳ 高中生英語需要掌握多少單詞,句型,語法
基本來抄說,高中畢業襲生一般在畢業的時候要求的詞彙量是3500個,優秀的高中生要求是大於4000個。語法基本上都會學習到,推薦可以使用 《郭鳳高的英語語法實踐指南》。最後, 句型是沒有具體限定的,但是自己平時要多積累,因為積累句型不僅利於做題,閱讀,在翻譯題和作文中更是取得高分的法寶之一。望採納,謝謝。
Ⅵ 高中英語語法總結,以及一些必備的英語片語、詞彙和句型 [email protected]
時態和語態
一、 一般現在時:
1.概念:經常、反復發生的動作或行為及現在的某種狀況。
2.時間狀語: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用doesn't,同時還原行為動詞。
4.一般疑問句:把be動詞放於句首;用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用does,同時,還原行為動詞。
例句:. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others.
二、 一般過去時:
1.概念:過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態;過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為。
2.時間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本結構:be動詞,行為動詞的過去式
4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句:was或were放於句首;用助動詞do的過去式did 提問,同時還原行為動詞。She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 現在進行時:
1.概念:表示說話時正在進行的動作及行為或現階段持續的動作及行為。
2.時間狀語:now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本結構:am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 5.一般疑問句:把be動詞放於句首。
What are you doing now? He is reading this week.
四、 過去進行時:
1.概念:表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發生或持續進行的行為或動作。
2.時間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。 3.基本結構:was/were+doing
4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing. 5.一般疑問句:把was或were放於句首。
例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 現在完成時:
1.概念:過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,或從過去已經開始,持續到現在的動作或狀態。
2.時間狀語:so far, until now ,recently , lately, since…for…,in the past few years
,in recent….
3.基本結構:have/has + done 4.否定形式:have/has + not +done.
5.一般疑問句:have或has 放於句首。
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
六、 過去完成時:
1.概念:以過去某個時間為標准,在此以前發生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為並對此造成的影響或結果,即「過去的過去」。
2.時間狀語:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),by+點時間+過去時間,etc. 3.基本結構:had + done. 4.否定形式:had + not + done.
5.一般疑問句:had放於句首。
As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 一般將來時:
1.概念:表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態及打算、計劃或准備做某事。
2.時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本結構:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.
4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句:be放於句首;will/shall提到句首。
They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It will rain.
八、 過去將來時:
1.概念:立足於過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用於賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結構:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.
4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問句:was或were放於句首;would/should 提到句首。
He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
九.將來完成時:
1.概念:在將來某一時刻之前完成的動作或狀態
2.時間狀語:by the time of;by the end of+時間短語(將來);by the time+從句[將來]
3.基本結構:be going to/will/shall + have done
十.現在完成進行時:
1.概念:在過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態一直持續到說話為止
2.基本結構:have/has +been+doing
動詞的語態
一般用於強調承受者, 主語是謂語動詞的承受者。動詞的語態是和時態、非謂語動詞一起考,只是需要注意以下考點。
考點一:不能用於被動語態的動詞和片語
come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed
It took place before liberation.
考點二:下列動詞是主動表被動意義, 而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用。
lock ( 鎖 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 賣 ); read ( 讀 ); wear ( 穿 ); blame (責備);ride (乘坐); write ( 寫 );
Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。 The book sells well. 這本書很暢銷。
考點三:一些常用經典被動句型:
It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…, It is expected…stimated…,
這些句子一般翻譯為「據說……」,「人們認為……」, 而 「以前人們認為……」 則應該說:It was believed…, It was thought…
Ⅶ 求高一應該掌握的英語語法和詞彙及短語
1 一般現在時 用動詞原形
2 一般過去時 用動詞過去時
3 現在進行時 be + ving
4 過去進行時 was/were + ving
5 一般將來時 will + 動詞原形 或 be going to +動詞原形
6 過去將來時 would + 動詞原形 或 was/were going to +動詞原形
7 現在完成時 have/has + v過去分詞
8 過去完成時 had + v過去分詞
9 現在完成進行時 have/has been + ving
10 過去完成進行時 had been + ving
11 一般將來進行時 will be + ving
12 過去將來進行時 would be + ving
13 將來完成時 will have + v過去分詞
14 過去將來完成時 would have + v過去分詞
15 將來完成進行時 will have been + ving
16 過去將來完成進行時 would have been + ving
1.I do it every day.
(我每天做這樣的事。)
2.I did it yesterday.
(昨天我做了這件事。)
3.I shall/will do it tomorrow.
(明天我要做這件事。)
4.I am doing it now.
(現在我正在做這件事。)
5.I was doing it at that time.
(當時我正在做這件事。)
6.I shall/will be doing it at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
(明天早晨九時我會正在做這件事。)
7.I have done it already.
(我已把這件事做好了。)
8.I have done it before I went home yesterday.
(昨天我在回家之前就把那件工作做完了。)
9.I shall/will have done it before you come back tomorrow.
(明天在我回來之前我會把這件工作做好。)
10.I have been doing it for two days.
(這件工作我已做了兩天了。——說話時工作尚未做完,所以還得繼續做。)
11.I had been doing the work for two hours when the teacher came.
(老師來時那件工作我已做了兩小時了。——當時工作尚未完成,所以老師來了我還繼續在做。)
12.I shall/will have been doing it for an hour when you come to see me at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
(明天早上九時你來看我時,我會在做那件工作做了一小時。——當然尚未能做完,還得繼續做下去。)