1. 初三英語語法要點
第1章 名詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 可數名詞的單數如何考查?
考點2 可數名詞復數要注意哪些用法?
考點3 運用不可數名詞要注意什麼?
考點4 名詞前如何加數量詞?
考點5 名詞所有格有哪些特別用法?
考點6 名詞充當不同的句子成分時要注意什麼?
考點7 易混名詞辨析
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第2章 代詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 如何判斷人稱代詞的「格」與「性別」?
考點2 多個人稱代詞並列使用時,如何排列順序?
考點3 代詞it有哪些特殊用法?
考點4 如何區分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞?
考點5 反身代詞有哪些固定片語?
考點6 指示代詞有哪些特殊用法?
考點7 such和the same如何用作指示代詞?
考點8 如何區分wh0,whom,whose以及what和which?
考點9 區分幾組不定代詞
考點10 怎樣運用復合不定代詞?
考點11 如何運用關系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第3章 數詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 記憶基數詞有什麼規律?
考點2 記憶序數詞有什麼規律?
考點3 如何運用hundred,thousand,million,billion?
考點4 如何用英語表示分數?
考點6 序數詞前什麼時候不用the修飾?
考點7 如何表達時刻和日期?
考點8 「扎十歲」和「年代」怎麼表達?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第4章 冠詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 a,an如何區分?
考點2 不定冠詞a,an有哪些特殊用法?
考點3 如何區別a/an和one?
考點4 初中階段有哪些含有a/an的固定片語?
考點5 定冠詞the有哪些特殊用法?
考點6 初中階段有哪些含有the的固定短語?
考點7 什麼時候不用冠詞?
考點8 初中階段有哪些不加冠詞的固定短語?
考點9 某些片語,用不用冠詞,意思不同
考點10 冠詞在句中處於什麼位置?
考點11 如何用冠詞表示類別?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第5章 介詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 如何用at,in,on表示時間?
考點2 如何使用till/until和by表示間?
考點3 since和for有什麼區別?
考點4 表示一段時間的介詞有哪些?
考點5 地點介詞有什麼用法?
考點6 表示範圍的介詞in,Oil,to如巾區別使用?
考點7 表示方式的介詞有哪些?怎麼使用?
考點8 in和after,of和t0,except和besides有什麼區別?
考點9 初中階段有哪些介詞短語?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第6章 形容詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 形容詞可作主語或賓語嗎?
考點2 哪些形容詞只能用作表語?哪些只能作定語?
考點3 在哪些情況下形容詞作後置定語?
……
第7章 副詞
第8章 連詞
第9章 動詞分類
第10章 情態動詞及虛擬語氣
第11章 動詞時態及語態
第12章 非謂語動詞
第13章 簡單句
第14章 並列句和復合句
第15章 There be 句型及直接引語
第16章 主謂一致
參考答案
後記 「不考語法的時代」如何學語法
2. 初三英語的重要語法
初中英語語抄法主要就是那幾襲大項:名詞、數次、冠詞、連詞、代詞、時態、被動語態、定語從句、賓語從句等。建議你買一套黑馬英語初中語法及闖關練習,一套兩本書,淘寶賣的也比較便宜,那套書就是按照這幾類分類講解的,還配了練習題,個人覺得挺實用,挺清晰的,你可以看看然後做做題,希望對你有幫助。
3. 求初三英語重點語法內容!急!!!
一、詞類、句子成分和構詞法:
1、詞類:英語詞類分十種:
名詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、冠詞、動詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞(n.): 表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.
2、代詞(pron.): 主要用來代替名詞。如:who, she, you, it .
3、形容詞(adj..):表示人或事物的性質或特徵。如:good, right, white, orange .
4、數詞(num.): 表示數目或事物的順序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、動詞(v.): 表示動作或狀態。如:am, is,are,have,see .
6、副詞(adv.): 修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞,說明時間、地點、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠詞(art..):用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞。如:a, an, the.
8、介詞(prep.): 表示它後面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關系。如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、連詞(conj.): 用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感嘆詞(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello.
2、句子成分:英語句子成分分為七種:主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語、賓語補足語。
1、主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是「誰」或者「什麼」。通常用名詞或代詞擔任。如:I』m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2、謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態,回答「做(什麼)」。主要由動詞擔任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (傑克每天打掃房間)
3、表語在系動詞之後,說明主語的身份或特徵,回答是「什麼」或者「怎麼樣」。通常由名詞、代詞或形容詞擔任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是「什麼」。通常由名詞或代詞擔任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)
有些及物動詞帶有兩個賓語,一個指物,一個指人。指物的叫直接賓語,指人的叫間接賓語。間接賓語一般放在直接賓語的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他給我寫了一封信)
有時可把介詞to或for加在間接賓語前構成短語,放在直接賓語後面,來強調間接賓語。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他給我寫了一封信)
5、定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞、代詞、數詞等擔任。如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)
6、狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,通常由副詞擔任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、賓語補足語用來說明賓語怎麼樣或干什麼,通常由形容詞或動詞充當。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課)
☆同位語通常緊跟在名詞、代詞後面,進一步說明它的情況。如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同學湯姆在哪裡?)
3、構詞法:英語構詞法主要有:合成法、派生法和轉換法。
1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法:
(1)派生名詞:①動詞+er/or ②動詞+ing ③動詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly
3、轉換法:
(1)形容詞→動詞,如:dry(乾燥的)→dry(弄乾), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄乾凈),等等。
(2)動詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名詞→動詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什麼時候)→(當……時候),等等。
(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在裡面;在家),on(在…上)→(進行,繼續),等等。
4. 初三英語重點短語和語法
自己整理!!!!
5. 初三英語重點語法有哪些救急!!!!
老師上課會給你們劃重點的啊,這些都是的啊,你要用心把它記下來,或接班級英內語比較好容的同學的筆記抄一下,都很有用的。還有就是要給自己一個交流的環境,好的英語都是說出來的,niki一在線上的abc360跟著外國老師交流,這跟自己學是完全兩回事的,吸收特別好。
6. 初三英語語法要點有哪些請詳細點,謝謝!
第1章 名詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 可數名詞的單數如何考查?
考點2 可數名詞復數要注意哪些用法?
考點3 運用不可數名詞要注意什麼?
考點4 名詞前如何加數量詞?
考點5 名詞所有格有哪些特別用法?
考點6 名詞充當不同的句子成分時要注意什麼?
考點7 易混名詞辨析
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第2章 代詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 如何判斷人稱代詞的「格」與「性別」?
考點2 多個人稱代詞並列使用時,如何排列順序?
考點3 代詞it有哪些特殊用法?
考點4 如何區分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞?
考點5 反身代詞有哪些固定片語?
考點6 指示代詞有哪些特殊用法?
考點7 such和the same如何用作指示代詞?
考點8 如何區分wh0,whom,whose以及what和which?
考點9 區分幾組不定代詞
考點10 怎樣運用復合不定代詞?
考點11 如何運用關系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第3章 數詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 記憶基數詞有什麼規律?
考點2 記憶序數詞有什麼規律?
考點3 如何運用hundred,thousand,million,billion?
考點4 如何用英語表示分數?
考點6 序數詞前什麼時候不用the修飾?
考點7 如何表達時刻和日期?
考點8 「扎十歲」和「年代」怎麼表達?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第4章 冠詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 a,an如何區分?
考點2 不定冠詞a,an有哪些特殊用法?
考點3 如何區別a/an和one?
考點4 初中階段有哪些含有a/an的固定片語?
考點5 定冠詞the有哪些特殊用法?
考點6 初中階段有哪些含有the的固定短語?
考點7 什麼時候不用冠詞?
考點8 初中階段有哪些不加冠詞的固定短語?
考點9 某些片語,用不用冠詞,意思不同
考點10 冠詞在句中處於什麼位置?
考點11 如何用冠詞表示類別?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第5章 介詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 如何用at,in,on表示時間?
考點2 如何使用till/until和by表示間?
考點3 since和for有什麼區別?
考點4 表示一段時間的介詞有哪些?
考點5 地點介詞有什麼用法?
考點6 表示範圍的介詞in,Oil,to如巾區別使用?
考點7 表示方式的介詞有哪些?怎麼使用?
考點8 in和after,of和t0,except和besides有什麼區別?
考點9 初中階段有哪些介詞短語?
考點專練
提高練習
綜合測試
第6章 形容詞
中考預測
真題解析
語法脈絡
考點精講
考點1 形容詞可作主語或賓語嗎?
考點2 哪些形容詞只能用作表語?哪些只能作定語?
考點3 在哪些情況下形容詞作後置定語?
……
第7章 副詞
第8章 連詞
第9章 動詞分類
第10章 情態動詞及虛擬語氣
第11章 動詞時態及語態
第12章 非謂語動詞
第13章 簡單句
第14章 並列句和復合句
第15章 There be 句型及直接引語
第16章 主謂一致
參考答案
後記 「不考語法的時代」如何學語法
7. 初中英語語法重點有哪些
主要是賓語從句和狀語從句,如果說考的稍微難一些的話就是定語從句以及名詞性從句,一般考的話後兩者的難度不會很大.
賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語,從句放在主句之後,前後不用逗號分開.
賓語從句:
引導賓語從句的詞有:
連詞that(在口語中that常可省略),if,whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
連接代詞who,whom,which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
連接副詞when,where,how,why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有「是否」的意思,一般情況下兩者可以換用,但在介詞之後,
不定式之前,與or not連用,在句首或在引導表語從句,同位語從句時,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true.He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序.
5.賓語從句一定要注意時態呼應,即:當主句謂語動詞是過去式時,從句中謂語動
詞也要用過去范疇的時態,但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規律,其謂語的時態仍用一般現在時,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
8. 初三英文語法(要最詳細的~)
初三語法講義
一.動詞(一)名詞
名詞分類:可數名詞,不可數名詞可數名詞變復數
1. 在名詞詞尾加-s
girl, girls; table, tables; roof, roofs; school, schools
2.以o, s, sh, ch, x結尾的名詞,加-es
tomato, tomatoes; class, classes; watch, watches; bush, bushes
3.以o結尾加-s
piano, pianos; photo, photos
4.以輔音字母加y結尾的,去掉y,加-ies
baby, babies; family, families; university, universities
5.以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s
toy, toys; monkey, monkeys; guy, guys
6.以f或者fe結尾的,去掉f, fe加-ves
wife, wives; life, lives; wolf, wolves; calf, calves
7. 改變形式的復數
man, men; child, children; foot, feet; mouse, mice; tooth, teeth
8.單數復數形式一樣
fish, fish; sheep, sheep; deer, deer; swine, swine
9.特殊詞彙的復數
looker-on, lookers-on; passer-by, passers-by
不可數名詞沒有數的概念
名詞所有格
1.一般情況』s
2.表示時間、距離、城市、國家
today』s paper at arms』 length a mile』s journey
Beijing』s weather China』s economy
3.of表示所有格 4.雙重所有格
a friend of mine a child of hers
(二)代詞
人稱代詞 人稱 單數 復數 主格 賓格
第一人稱
I me we us
第二人稱
you you you you
第三人稱
he him
they them
she her
it it
物主代詞
單數復數第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱
形容詞性物主代詞
My Your His Her Its Our Your Their
名詞性物主代詞
Mine Yours His Hers Its Ours Yours Theirs
反身代詞人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數
myselfyourselfhimself herself itself
復數ourselvesyourselvesthemselves
相互代詞each other/one another
不定代詞another/other/others
(三)數詞
基數詞
One two three four five six…..Hundreds of 正確數詞+hundred 正確
Hundred of 錯誤數詞+hundreds 錯誤數詞+hundreds of 錯誤
序數詞First second third fourth….
分數1/3 one third2/3 two thirds
(四)冠詞不定冠詞
例句用於可數名詞單數形式前
usan is a scientist.Pass me an orange, please.
不特指某人或某物
A boy is looking for you.
We work five days a week.
表示「一」的數量,但沒有one強烈
We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow.
I have a mouth, a nose, two eyes and two ears.
用於固定片語中
A few, a little, a lot of, a moment ago
定冠詞
例句特指某人或者某物
Show me the photo of the boy.
雙方都知道的事物或人
Where are the new books, Jim?
They are on the small table.
上文提過的人或物
Ji Wei lives on a farm. The farm is not big.
獨一無二
The sun is bigger than the moon.
序數詞和形容詞最高級前
The first month of the year is January.
普通名詞構成的專有名詞前
The Great Wall
習慣用語
In the morning
On the left
零冠詞
用法
例句
專有名詞和不可數名詞前
China
名詞已經有定語this, that, my, your, some, any等
That letter is in her bag.
復數名詞表示一類人或物
My father and mother are teachers.
星期、月份、季節、節日前
It is Sunday today.
稱呼前
What colour are Mrs. Green』s shoes?
三餐和球類運動前
He went to school before breakfast this morning.
(五)介詞
多數考察為固定搭配,需要死記硬背
(六)形容詞與副詞
規則變化
構成方法
原級
比較級
最高級
單音節和少數雙音 節詞
一般在詞尾加-er/est
Cold
Strong
Fast
slow
Colder
Stronger
Faster
slower
Coldest
Strongest
Fastest
slowest
以字母e結尾的形容詞,在詞尾加-r/-st
Nice
large
Nicer
larger
Nicest
largest
重讀閉音節詞只有一個輔音字母時雙寫輔音字母,加-er/-est
Big
Thin
hot
Bigger
Thinner
hotter
Biggest
Thinnest
hottest
以輔音字母+y結尾的雙音節詞改y為i加-er/est
Easy
happy
Easier
happier
Easiest
happiest
部分雙音節詞
在詞前面加more/most
Delicious
Interesting
Easily
Carefully
More Delicious
More Interesting
More Easily
More Carefully
Most Delicious
Most Interesting
Most Easily
Most Carefully
不規則變化
原級
比較級
最高級
Good/well
Bad/badly/ill
Many/much
Little
far
Better
Worse
more
Less
Father
further
Best
Worst
Most
Least
Farthest
furthest
形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法
級
用法
例句
比較級
表示兩者的比較
Mr. King is taller than Mr. Read.
最高級
表示三者或者三者以上的比較
Whose drawing is the best of all?
She is the youngest in the class.
同級比較
I think science is as important as maths.
It is not as(so) warm today as yesterday.
二.動詞
(一) 時態
1.一般現在時
三單變形
情況
變化規則
例詞
一般情況
加-s
come, comes; learn, learns
以o,s,x,ch,sh結尾的詞
加-es
pass, passes; do, does
以輔音加y結尾的詞
變y為i加-es
fly, flies; cry, cries
2.現在進行時
現在分詞構成方法
情況及變化
例詞
一般情況,在動詞原形後加-ing
go, going; see, seeing
以不發音的e結尾的動詞去掉e加-ing
take, taking; live, living
以重讀閉音節結尾的詞,如果詞尾只有一個輔音字母,先把詞尾的輔音字母雙寫,再加-ing
plan, planning; cut, cutting; forget, forgetting
以ie結尾的詞變ie為y加-ing
die, dying; lie, lying; tie, tying
以ye和oe結尾的詞,直接加-ing
eye, eyeing; dye, dyeing
3.一般將來時
shall
will
be going to
4一般過去時
規則動詞過去構成
構成規則
原形
過去式
一般動詞在尾加-ed
look
play
start
looked
played
stared
結尾是e的動詞加-d
live
hope
use
lived
hoped
used
末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節,雙寫輔音字母,加-ed
stop
plan
trip
stopped
planned
tripped
結尾是輔音字母+y的動詞,變y為i加-ed
study
carry
worry
studied
carried
worried
詞尾 –ed的讀音
讀音
例詞
濁輔音和母音後
/d/
called borrowed
moved enjoyed
welcomed answered
清輔音後
/t/
finished helped
passed cooked
在t, d後面
/id/
wanted shouted
needed counted
5.過去進行時
was/were+現在分詞
6.現在完成時
have/has+過去分詞
用法一:表示從過去發生一直到現在,特點:用延續動詞,加段時間狀語
用法二:表示過去發生的事情而不用一般過去時,特點:不用延續動詞,不加段時間狀語
構成
7.過去完成時
時間軸:
--------------+--------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------à
A B C
過去的過去 過去 現在
(過去完成時態)
用法一:表示從過去發生一直到過去一時間,特點:用延續動詞,加段時間狀語
用法二:表示過去的過去發生的事情
8.過去將來時
不是考試的重點
(二) 被動語態
使用情況:不知道誰是主語
不強調主語
用來表示客觀的表達
構成:助動詞be+過去分詞
有些動詞主動語態中省略了不定式在變為被動語態時要講TO補充出來(非謂語動詞重點講解)
(三) 情態動詞
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)
dare/need
dare
肯定
否定
情態動詞
dare do
dare not do
實意動詞
dare/dares to do
do/does not dare to do
need
肯定
否定
情態動詞
need do
need not do
實意動詞
need / need s to do
do/does not need to do
may/can
may表示許可
can 表示自身能力
can/be able to區別
a) Can只有現在和過去兩個時態,be able to可以是任何時態
b) Can 不強調結果一定成功,be able to暗示結果一定成功
must表示必須,否定用needn』t
mustn』t表示禁止
(四) 非謂語動詞
1. 不定式to do
否定不定式為not to do
可以省略不定式to的詞
let/make/have/see/hear/watch/notice/feel/look at/listen to
注意:在以上詞出現在被動句中時要將to補充出來
2. 現在分詞與過去分詞
flying bird可以表達成the bird is flying.
broken arm可以表達成 the arm is broken
現在分詞強調過程,過去分詞強調結果
falling leaf/fallen leaf
boiling water/boiled water
3.動詞後加動詞的不同形式
(1)、加to doing
devote to doing/ get down to doing/ object to doing/ look forward to doing/ be used to doing
(2)、加to do
afford/agree/ask/attempt/choose/decide/hope/expect/intend/learn/manage/offer/plan/pretend/promise/refuse/wish
(3)、加doing
admit/appreciate/avoid/can』t help/stand/enjoy/escape/put off/risk/give up
(4)、加to do/doing都可以的但是意思有區別的
forget/remember/stop
(5)、加do/doing都可以但是意思有區別的
see/notice/hear
三.簡單句
(一) 反意疑問句
反意疑問句
反意疑問句用來表示提問者有一定的主見,但是沒有把握,希望對方來證實。
The weather here is very cold, isn』t it? Yes, it is.
You』re from Australia, aren』t you? yes, I am.
對反意疑問句回答,不管問題的提法如何,事實是肯定的就用肯定回答,否定的就要用否定的回答。
He isn』t going to the meeting, is he?
Yes, he is. 不,他要去的
No, he isn』t. 對,他不去
反意疑問句通常由一個陳述句和一個疑問句組成。當陳述句為肯定時,疑問句為否定;當陳述句為否定時,疑問句為肯定。但是以下幾個要注意:
1. 陳述部分主語 I, 疑問部分要用aren』t I
I am as tall as your sister, aren』t I ?
2. 陳述部分謂語是wish, 疑問部分要用may+主語
I wish to have a word with you, may I ?
3. 陳述部分用no, nothing, nobody ,never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時,疑問部分用肯定。
The Swede made no answer, did he?
4.有ought to的,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問部分用shouldn』t/oughtn』t+主語
He ought to know what to do, oughtn』t he?
5. 陳述部分有have to疑問部分用don』t+主語
we have to get there at eight tomorrow, don』t we?
6.陳述部分謂語是used to,疑問部分用didn』t+主語或者didn』t+主語
He used to take pictures there, didn』t he?
7.陳述部分有had better疑問句用hadn』t you?
You』d better read it by yourself, hadn』t you?
8.陳述部分有would rather疑問句用wouldn』t +主語
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn』t he?
9.陳述部分有.陳述部分有you』d like to疑問部分用wouldn』t+主語
You』d like to go with me, wouldn』t you?
10.感嘆句中,疑問部分用謂語+主語
What colours, aren』t they?
what a smell, isn』t it?
11陳述部分由neither…nor, either…or疑問部分根據實際邏輯意義而定
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
12. 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或者不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this疑問部分主語it
Everything is ready, isn』t it?
13.陳述部分為主語從句,疑問部分要根據情況而定
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn』t he?
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
I don』t think he is bright, is he?
14陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等疑問部分常用復數they
Everyone knows the answer, don』t they?
15.省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句,疑問部分用will you
don』t do that again, will you?
16.陳述部分是there be結構,疑問部分用there省略主語代詞
There is something wrong with your watch, isn』t here?
17.否定前綴不能視為否定詞
it is impossible, isn』t it?
18.Must表示推測時,根據其推測情況來確定
He must be there now, isn』t he?
(二)感嘆句
How cold it is today!
What a good idea!
(三)祈使句
肯定類型
Be careful!
Come in, please.
Let me have a look.
否定類型
Don』t be lazy.
Don』t throw the ball like that.
Let him not go there./ Don』t let her go there
四.復合句
(一) 定語從句
We all like Old Fish that is handsome.
先行詞 關系詞
關系代詞: which, who, whom, whose, that
關系副詞:when, why, where
1.先行詞指人,用who/whom
(1)who可以做主語、賓語、或者表語,但who之前不能有介詞
(2)whom只能做賓語或者表語,但在all of/many of加先行詞時後只能加whom
注意:who.whom做賓語可以省略
2.先行詞為物,用which
(1)which可以代單詞
(2)which可以代短語
(3)which可以代句子
3.that與which區別
(1)只能用that情況
先行詞有人有物
先行詞為 all, little, few, much, none, the first, etc
先行詞為不定代詞
先行詞前修飾詞為 any, only, every, no, some, much, few, little, the first, the best, the only, the on, the very, the right, the last
(2)只能用which情況
非限定性定語從句
關系詞前有介詞
4.whose表示所屬關系
(1)whose後加名詞
(2)可以代人可以代物
(3)先行詞加whose加名詞=先行詞加名詞 of which結構
介詞+關系代詞=關系副詞
關系代詞後加不完整句
關系副詞/介詞+關系代詞後加完整句
主系表: 主系表都有, 完整句
主系表缺一個,不完整句
主謂賓:謂語動詞為及物動詞:主謂賓都有,完整句
主謂賓缺一個,不完整句
謂語動詞為不及物動詞: 主+動詞+介詞+賓語,完整句
主+動詞,完整句
主+動詞+介詞,不完整句
(二) 狀語從句
時間狀語從句:when, before, after, while, since, as, till, as soon as, the moment….
地點狀語從句: where, wherever
條件狀語從句:if, unless, so long as, as long as, in case, if only, provided that….
原因狀語從句:because, since, as, now that
結果狀語從句:so, so that, so…that, such…that
讓步狀語從句:though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever
目的狀語從句: that, so that, so, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest
比較狀語從句:than, as…as, so…as
五.主謂一致
就近原則
or, nor, either or, neither nor, not only…but also
就前原則
as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except
集體名詞的主謂一致
people, cattle, youth, police+復數謂語
machinery, equipment, furniture+單數謂語
audience, committee, crew, family, government, army, enemy, group, staff, team, couple, band+可單可復
時間、地點等數量概念的主謂一致
謂語用單數
Ten miles is a long way to go.
a of b結構中的主謂一致
按照A來確定謂語
a pair of trousers is enough.
Two pair of trousers are enough.
以S結尾的主謂一直問題:地理名詞、群島山脈等風景、學科名詞
國家加單數謂語: the United States
地理名詞,群島山脈等風景加復數謂語: the West Indies, Himalayas, Straits of England
學科名詞加單數謂語: politics, economics
六.習慣用語
七.固定搭配
八.介詞搭配
(一) 介詞+名詞
against one』s will
at a loss
at one time
at home
at the same time
at work
at night
beside the point
by chance
by the way
by the end of
by all means
for the time being
for the sake of
from beginning to end
from time to time
in the end
in surprise
in trouble
in the street
in English
in a word
in the meantime
in vain
in need
in half
in no time
in a low voice
in the least
in public
in life
in a minute
in the eyes of
in time
in sight of
in place of
in detail
in a hurry
in any case
in case
in charge of
in bed
in addition to
in the course of
in particular
in time of
in return
in spite of
in reply to
in memory of
in honour of
in fear of
influence on
off hand
on guard against
on the ground
on the radio
on the way
on the right
on purpose
on strike
on account of
on sale
on the air
on time
out of work
out of order
on behalf of
on watch
on the whole
on show
on day
out of sight
out of repair
out of place
out of practice
out of date
out of breath
over the radio
to this day
thousands of
on the one hand, on the other hand
(二)形容詞+介詞
absent from
aware of
apart from
according to
anxious for
angry at
afraid of
busy with
careful of
cruel to
e to
different from
equal to
be familiar to sb
be familiar with sth
be famous for
far from
fond of
full of
fussy about
grateful for
good at
hard on
interested in
instead of
kind to
keen on
late for
opposite to
once for all
polite to
proude of
ready for
responsible for
short of
sorry for
strict with
thankful to
wrong with
(三)動詞+介詞
act on
answer for
agree to
agree with
agree on
arrive at
aim at
ask after
ask for
borrow from
believe in
belong to
break into
beat down on
begin at
base on
consist of
congratulate on
come to an end
compare with
compare to
care for
change for
change from to
clear up
catch up with
come across
come into
call up
call for
catch hold of
call on
depend on
do away with
disagree with
die of
die from
die for
devote to
engaged in
end with
fit in with
fail in
find out
give up
get over
get on
get on
get in touch with
get ready for
get in
go in for
grow up
give in
give lessons to
get up
go on
go all out
go through
go over
go down
go on with
go without
hand in
have nothing to do with
have something to do with
have a look at
head for
help with
have a word with
have words with
hope for
introce to
be inspired by
insist on
interfere with
join in
keep on
knock at
keep up with
long for
look up to
look up
learn by heart
leave for
look for
lie in
live on
laugh at
look down upon
look forward to
look through
meet with
make up one』s mind
make friends with
make room for
owe to
operate on
pay attention to
play with
put up
put off
point out
put up with
prevent from
persist in
put into practice
run out of
reply to
recover from
rely on
rob of
run over
result from
result in
set an example to
set about
set out
succeed in
speak of
supply with
share in
share with
settle in
see through
send for
stand by
stand for
stop from
spend on
show around
talk about
tide over
turn against
turn into
turn to
think of
think about
take care of
take off
turn out
turn round
turn up
take part in
to begin with
wait for
watch out for
write to
wake up
watch over
(四)過去分詞+介詞
be absorbed in
be burdened with
be connected with
be covered with
be crowded with
be dressed in
be engaged to
be equipped with
be experienced in
be filed with
be furnished with
be interested in
be joined to
be known as
be known for
be made into
be made up of
be married to
be pleased with
be prepared for
be regarded as
be satisfied with
be ashamed of
be tired of
be terrified at
(五)動詞+名詞+介詞
apply ones』 mind to
catch sight of
do harm to
do wrong to
feel pity for
fix one』s eyes on
form the habit of
get a good hold of
give advice on
have none of
have trust in
have difficulty in
have trouble in
have effect on
have mercy on
have the honour of
keep a record of
make fun of
make best use of
make an apology
make one』s way to
make preparations for
make a mistake about
pass a judgment on
set fire to
put one』s heart and soul into
shake hands with
take aim at
take the side of
throw light on
take pride in
take delight in
take a message for
(六)動詞+副詞+介詞
add up to
break away from
be up to
cut down on
come up to
do well in
drop in on
face up to
fit in with
fall back on
get though with
get down to
get along with
go out of
go on with
go back on
go out of
go in for
grow out of
go ahead with
keep away from
keep up with
live up to
make up for
make up with
make out of
think highly of
watch out for
work hard at
(七)動詞+介詞+名詞
arrive at a conclusion
burst into pieces
burst into tears
burst into laughter
come to the rescue
come into use
come into power
come into effect
come into light
come to a conclusion
get in a word
set to work take on a new look