⑴ 初中英語里所有介詞的用法
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介詞(preposition):也叫前置詞。在英語里,它的搭配能力最強。但不能單獨做句子成分需和名詞或代詞(或相當於名詞的其他詞類、短語及從句)構成介詞短語,才能在句中充當成分。
介詞的種類:
(1)簡單介詞:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, ring, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2)合成介詞:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3)短語介詞:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to
(4)分詞介詞:considering, reguarding, including, concerning
介詞短語:
構成 例句 介詞+名詞 We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 介詞+代詞 Could you look for it instead of me? 介詞+動名詞 He insisted on staying home. 介詞+連接代/副詞 I was thinking of how we could get there. 介詞+不定式/從句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介詞的用法:
一、介詞to的常見用法
1.動詞+to
a)動詞+ to
adjust to適應,
attend to處理;照料,
agree to贊同,
amount to加起來達…,
belong to屬於,
come to達到,
drink to為…乾杯,
get to到達,
happen to發生在某人身上,
hold to緊握,
lead to通向,
listen to聽,
occur to想起,
object to反對,
point to指向,
respond to回答,
refer to參考;指的是…;涉及,
reply to回答,
see to負責,
stick to堅持,
turn to求助,
write to給某人寫信。
b)動詞(+sth.)+to+sb.
announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對某人表達, mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議,speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。
c)動詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加, compare to比作, carry to運送至, devote to致力於,introce to介紹給, invite to邀請參加, join to連接到, leave to委託給,rece to下降至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to
be alive to覺察;曉得,
be attentive to注意;留心,
be awake to知曉,
be blind to缺乏眼光,
be close to緊挨著,
be common to對某人來說很普通,
be contrary to違反;反對,
be devoted to致力,
be deaf to不願意聽,
be equal to有…的力量,
be exposed to暴露;遭受,
be fair to對…公平,
be familiar to對某人來說熟悉,
be grateful to對某人心存感激,
be good to對…有好處,
be harmful to對…有危害,
be important to對…重要,
be kind to友好對待,
be known to周知於,
be married to嫁給,
be moved to轉移到,
be near to靠近,
be necessary to對…有必要,
be opposite to在對面,
be opposed to反對,
be pleasant to合某人之意,
be proper to專屬,
be polite to禮貌待人,
be rude to粗暴對待,
be relative to與…有關,
be strange to不習慣,
be similar to類似,
be suitable to適合,
be true to忠實,
be thankful to感激,
be useful to對…有用,
be used to習慣。
3.to+名詞構成的片語
to a degree在某種程度上, to date到現在為止,to one』s feet跳起來,to one』s mind照…看來, to one』s surprise使…吃驚,to one』s taste符合胃口, to oneself獨自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
二、at的常見用法 at構成的片語比較多,要細心區分。
1.動詞+ at
arrive at抵達,call at訪問某地, catch at(it)當場抓住, come at攻擊, fire at向…開火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而視, grieve at憂傷,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at對…高興,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射擊, stare at怒目而視,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at顫抖,wonder at吃驚,work at工作。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ at
be angry at惱怒於, be alarmed at對…保持警覺,be astonished at對…吃驚, be bad at不擅長, be clever at對某事很靈巧,be delighted at高興,be disgusted at厭惡, be disappointed at對…失望,be good at擅長, be impatient at對…不夠耐心, be mad at狂熱於,be pleased at對…感到高興, be present at出席, be satisfied at滿意,be surprised at吃驚, be shocked at對…非常震驚,be terrified at受到…的恐嚇,be quick at對…很機敏。
3.at+名詞構成的片語
at a distance在一定距離,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一點也不,at any cost不惜一切代價,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手頭,at heart在內心裡,at home在家;無拘束,at last最後,at least至少,at most最多,at once馬上,at present目前。
三、介詞on的常見用法
on的用法比較重要,本文介紹它的一些常見用法:
1.動詞+on
a)動詞+ on要認真區分下面一些片語
act on對…有作用, bring on促使;導致, call on拜訪某人,count on依賴, carry on執行,depend on取決, feed on以…為生,figure on料想;推斷, go on繼續,have on穿著, insist on堅持,keep on繼續, lean on依賴, live on以…為生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(電源), take to喜歡;養成;輕易學會,turn on接通(電源), work on操作, wait on侍候。
b)動詞+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)
base on以…為基礎, congratulate on恭賀, fix on固定, have mercy on憐憫,have pity on憐惜, keep watch on監視, spend on把時間、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容詞+on的片語
be dependent on依賴, be hard on對某人苛刻,be impressed on對…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on對…嚴格。
3.on+名詞構成的片語
on board乘(車,飛機),on call聽候召喚, on ty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on foot步行,on guard在崗,on hire僱用,on holiday度假
四、介詞in的常見用法
1.動詞+in
a)動詞+ in
believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;產生;帶來, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收獲, hand in上繳, involve in涉及, lie in在於, result in導致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in捲起;訂閱, turn in歸還當局。
b)動詞+sb./time/money+ in
help sb. in幫助某人做某事, spare time/money in勻出時間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時間或錢做某事,waste time/money in浪費時間或錢做某事。
2. be +形容詞+ in
be active in活躍於,be absorbed in專心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生於,be concerned in牽涉, be clothed in穿著, be disappointed in對…失望,be diligent in勤於, be experienced in在…有經驗, be employed in任職於,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的專家, be excellent in在…優秀,be interested in對…有興趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in遲緩, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精於,be strict in嚴於, be weak in弱於。
3. in +名詞
in advance提前,in all總共,in balance總而言之,in bed卧床,in body親自,in brief簡明扼要,in case萬一, in charge主管,in danger有危險, in debt負債, in despair失望,in force大量地;有效,in full全部地, in flower開花,in general一般說來,in itself本身, in love戀愛, in order井然有序, in person親自,in public公開地, in progress有進展, in practice從實踐上看, in rags穿著破衣,in research探索, in return作為報答,in ruins一片廢墟,in short總之,in theory從理論上看, in trouble有麻煩, in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時, in turn按順序, in vain白白地,in view看得見。
五、介詞from的常見用法
from的用法可不能小瞧,你不一定知道下面這些片語意義。
1.動詞+from
a)動詞+ from
come from來自,date from追溯, depart from違背, die from死於, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂掛, hear from收到來信,learn from向某人學習, return from自某地返回,rise from自…冒出, result from起因於, suffer from忍受。
b)動詞+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place
borrow from向…借, choose from選自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不準做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移動;除去, save from保全;拯救, separate from分離開來,stop from阻止。
2. be +形容詞+ from
be absent from缺席,be different from與眾不同, be far from更不用說, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…製成, be tired from因…而疲倦。
3.from…to…
from bad to worse每況愈下,from beginning to end自始至終,from cover to cover從頭到尾,from China to Peru到處,from day to day一天一天地,from door to door挨家挨戶,from end to end從頭至尾,from first to last自始至終,from hand to mouth勉強糊家,from head to foot從頭到腳,from mouth to mouth廣泛流傳,from sun to sun從日出到日落,from start to finish從頭開始,from top to toe從頭到腳,from time to time不時地,from top to bottom徹底地。
六、介詞for的常見用法
1.動詞+for
a)動詞+for
account for解釋;說明, answer for對…負責,apply for申請;請求,apologize for為…而道歉, beg for請求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for報名參加, fight for為…而戰, hope for希望,inquire for查詢;求見, leave for離開某地到另一地, look for尋找, long for盼望,mistake for誤認為, plan for計劃做某事, prepare for為…作準備,provide for為…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for競選, stand for象徵,search for搜尋, send for派人去請, speak for陳述意見、願望, take for當作, wish for希望, wait for等待。
b)動詞+sb.+ for +sth.
ask for要求得到,blame for因…責備, excuse for寬恕, forgive for諒解, pardon for原諒,pay for花錢買, praise for稱贊, punish for對…進行懲罰,push for催逼,reward for酬謝, thank for對…表示謝意。
2. be +形容詞+for
be anxious for急於做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害於,be convenient for便於, be good for利於, be famous for以…出名,be fit for適合於, be grateful for對…心存感激, be impatient for對…不耐煩,be late for遲到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准備,be sorry for為…而後悔, be responsible for對…負責,be suitable for適合於, be unfit for不適合, be useful for對…有作用。
3.for+名詞構成的片語
for all盡管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain確切地,for company陪著,for ever永遠,for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免費,for fun為了好玩,for good永遠,for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life終身,for long長久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure為了消遣,for reason因為…理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short簡稱,for sport好玩,for sure確切地。
4.動詞+副詞/名詞+for構成的短語
be in for將遇到,make up for彌補,go in for從事,look out for提防,take sth. for granted把…當作理所當然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天賦。
介詞口訣:
介詞的用法
早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、點與分。
年、月、年月、季節、周,陽光、燈、影、衣、冒in。
將來時態in...以後,小處at大處in。
有形with無形by,語言、單位、材料in。
特徵、方面與方式,心情成語慣用in。
介詞at和to表方向,攻擊、位置、惡、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、農場、值日on,關於、基礎、靠、著論。
著、罷、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
特定時日和「一……就」,on後常接動名詞。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驢、馬、玩笑on,cab,carriage則用in。
at山腳、門口、在當前,速、溫、日落、價、核心。
工具、和、同隨with,具有、獨立、就、原因。
就……來說賓譯主,對、有、方狀、表細分。
海、陸、空、車、偶、被by,單數、人類know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介詞省略已習慣。
over、under正上下,above、below則不然,
若與數量詞連用,混合使用亦無關。『
beyond超出、無、不能,against靠著,對與反。
besides,except分內外,among之內along沿。
同類比較except,加for異類記心間。
原狀because of,、 owing to、 e to表語形容詞
under後接修、建中,of、from物、化分。
before、after表一點, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成時,ago過去極有限。
since以來ring間,since時態多變換。
與之相比beside,除了last but one。
復不定for、找、價、原,對、給、段、去、為、作、贊。
快到、對、向towards,工、學、軍、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虛擬,復合介詞待後言。
ing型由於鑒,除了除外與包合。
之後、關於、在......方面,有關介詞須記全。
in內to外表位置,山、水、國界to在前。
⑵ 初中英語各種介詞、副詞等用法技巧
介詞(preposition):也叫前置詞。在英語里,它的搭配能力最強。但不能單獨做句子成分需和名詞或代詞(或相當於名詞的其他詞類、短語及從句)構成介詞短語,才能在句中充當成分。
介詞的種類:
(1)簡單介詞:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, ring, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2)合成介詞:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3)短語介詞:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to
(4)分詞介詞:considering, reguarding, including, concerning
介詞短語:
構成 例句 介詞+名詞 We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 介詞+代詞 Could you look for it instead of me? 介詞+動名詞 He insisted on staying home. 介詞+連接代/副詞 I was thinking of how we could get there. 介詞+不定式/從句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介詞的用法:
一、介詞to的常見用法
1.動詞+to
a)動詞+ to
adjust to適應,
attend to處理;照料,
agree to贊同,
amount to加起來達…,
belong to屬於,
come to達到,
drink to為…乾杯,
get to到達,
happen to發生在某人身上,
hold to緊握,
lead to通向,
listen to聽,
occur to想起,
object to反對,
point to指向,
respond to回答,
refer to參考;指的是…;涉及,
reply to回答,
see to負責,
stick to堅持,
turn to求助,
write to給某人寫信。
b)動詞(+sth.)+to+sb.
announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對某人表達, mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議,speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。
c)動詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加, compare to比作, carry to運送至, devote to致力於,introce to介紹給, invite to邀請參加, join to連接到, leave to委託給,rece to下降至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to
be alive to覺察;曉得,
be attentive to注意;留心,
be awake to知曉,
be blind to缺乏眼光,
be close to緊挨著,
be common to對某人來說很普通,
be contrary to違反;反對,
be devoted to致力,
be deaf to不願意聽,
be equal to有…的力量,
be exposed to暴露;遭受,
be fair to對…公平,
be familiar to對某人來說熟悉,
be grateful to對某人心存感激,
be good to對…有好處,
be harmful to對…有危害,
be important to對…重要,
be kind to友好對待,
be known to周知於,
be married to嫁給,
be moved to轉移到,
be near to靠近,
be necessary to對…有必要,
be opposite to在對面,
be opposed to反對,
be pleasant to合某人之意,
be proper to專屬,
be polite to禮貌待人,
be rude to粗暴對待,
be relative to與…有關,
be strange to不習慣,
be similar to類似,
be suitable to適合,
be true to忠實,
be thankful to感激,
be useful to對…有用,
be used to習慣。
3.to+名詞構成的片語
to a degree在某種程度上, to date到現在為止,to one』s feet跳起來,to one』s mind照…看來, to one』s surprise使…吃驚,to one』s taste符合胃口, to oneself獨自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
二、at的常見用法 at構成的片語比較多,要細心區分。
1.動詞+ at
arrive at抵達,call at訪問某地, catch at(it)當場抓住, come at攻擊, fire at向…開火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而視, grieve at憂傷,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at對…高興,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射擊, stare at怒目而視,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at顫抖,wonder at吃驚,work at工作。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ at
be angry at惱怒於, be alarmed at對…保持警覺,be astonished at對…吃驚, be bad at不擅長, be clever at對某事很靈巧,be delighted at高興,be disgusted at厭惡, be disappointed at對…失望,be good at擅長, be impatient at對…不夠耐心, be mad at狂熱於,be pleased at對…感到高興, be present at出席, be satisfied at滿意,be surprised at吃驚, be shocked at對…非常震驚,be terrified at受到…的恐嚇,be quick at對…很機敏。
3.at+名詞構成的片語
at a distance在一定距離,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一點也不,at any cost不惜一切代價,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手頭,at heart在內心裡,at home在家;無拘束,at last最後,at least至少,at most最多,at once馬上,at present目前。
三、介詞on的常見用法
on的用法比較重要,本文介紹它的一些常見用法:
1.動詞+on
a)動詞+ on要認真區分下面一些片語
act on對…有作用, bring on促使;導致, call on拜訪某人,count on依賴, carry on執行,depend on取決, feed on以…為生,figure on料想;推斷, go on繼續,have on穿著, insist on堅持,keep on繼續, lean on依賴, live on以…為生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(電源), take to喜歡;養成;輕易學會,turn on接通(電源), work on操作, wait on侍候。
b)動詞+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)
base on以…為基礎, congratulate on恭賀, fix on固定, have mercy on憐憫,have pity on憐惜, keep watch on監視, spend on把時間、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容詞+on的片語
be dependent on依賴, be hard on對某人苛刻,be impressed on對…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on對…嚴格。
3.on+名詞構成的片語
on board乘(車,飛機),on call聽候召喚, on ty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on foot步行,on guard在崗,on hire僱用,on holiday度假
四、介詞in的常見用法
1.動詞+in
a)動詞+ in
believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;產生;帶來, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收獲, hand in上繳, involve in涉及, lie in在於, result in導致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in捲起;訂閱, turn in歸還當局。
b)動詞+sb./time/money+ in
help sb. in幫助某人做某事, spare time/money in勻出時間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時間或錢做某事,waste time/money in浪費時間或錢做某事。
2. be +形容詞+ in
be active in活躍於,be absorbed in專心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生於,be concerned in牽涉, be clothed in穿著, be disappointed in對…失望,be diligent in勤於, be experienced in在…有經驗, be employed in任職於,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的專家, be excellent in在…優秀,be interested in對…有興趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in遲緩, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精於,be strict in嚴於, be weak in弱於。
3. in +名詞
in advance提前,in all總共,in balance總而言之,in bed卧床,in body親自,in brief簡明扼要,in case萬一, in charge主管,in danger有危險, in debt負債, in despair失望,in force大量地;有效,in full全部地, in flower開花,in general一般說來,in itself本身, in love戀愛, in order井然有序, in person親自,in public公開地, in progress有進展, in practice從實踐上看, in rags穿著破衣,in research探索, in return作為報答,in ruins一片廢墟,in short總之,in theory從理論上看, in trouble有麻煩, in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時, in turn按順序, in vain白白地,in view看得見。
五、介詞from的常見用法
from的用法可不能小瞧,你不一定知道下面這些片語意義。
1.動詞+from
a)動詞+ from
come from來自,date from追溯, depart from違背, die from死於, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂掛, hear from收到來信,learn from向某人學習, return from自某地返回,rise from自…冒出, result from起因於, suffer from忍受。
b)動詞+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place
borrow from向…借, choose from選自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不準做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移動;除去, save from保全;拯救, separate from分離開來,stop from阻止。
2. be +形容詞+ from
be absent from缺席,be different from與眾不同, be far from更不用說, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…製成, be tired from因…而疲倦。
3.from…to…
from bad to worse每況愈下,from beginning to end自始至終,from cover to cover從頭到尾,from China to Peru到處,from day to day一天一天地,from door to door挨家挨戶,from end to end從頭至尾,from first to last自始至終,from hand to mouth勉強糊家,from head to foot從頭到腳,from mouth to mouth廣泛流傳,from sun to sun從日出到日落,from start to finish從頭開始,from top to toe從頭到腳,from time to time不時地,from top to bottom徹底地。
六、介詞for的常見用法
1.動詞+for
a)動詞+for
account for解釋;說明, answer for對…負責,apply for申請;請求,apologize for為…而道歉, beg for請求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for報名參加, fight for為…而戰, hope for希望,inquire for查詢;求見, leave for離開某地到另一地, look for尋找, long for盼望,mistake for誤認為, plan for計劃做某事, prepare for為…作準備,provide for為…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for競選, stand for象徵,search for搜尋, send for派人去請, speak for陳述意見、願望, take for當作, wish for希望, wait for等待。
b)動詞+sb.+ for +sth.
ask for要求得到,blame for因…責備, excuse for寬恕, forgive for諒解, pardon for原諒,pay for花錢買, praise for稱贊, punish for對…進行懲罰,push for催逼,reward for酬謝, thank for對…表示謝意。
2. be +形容詞+for
be anxious for急於做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害於,be convenient for便於, be good for利於, be famous for以…出名,be fit for適合於, be grateful for對…心存感激, be impatient for對…不耐煩,be late for遲到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准備,be sorry for為…而後悔, be responsible for對…負責,be suitable for適合於, be unfit for不適合, be useful for對…有作用。
3.for+名詞構成的片語
for all盡管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain確切地,for company陪著,for ever永遠,for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免費,for fun為了好玩,for good永遠,for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life終身,for long長久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure為了消遣,for reason因為…理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short簡稱,for sport好玩,for sure確切地。
4.動詞+副詞/名詞+for構成的短語
be in for將遇到,make up for彌補,go in for從事,look out for提防,take sth. for granted把…當作理所當然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天賦。
介詞口訣:
介詞的用法
早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、點與分。
年、月、年月、季節、周,陽光、燈、影、衣、冒in。
將來時態in...以後,小處at大處in。
有形with無形by,語言、單位、材料in。
特徵、方面與方式,心情成語慣用in。
介詞at和to表方向,攻擊、位置、惡、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、農場、值日on,關於、基礎、靠、著論。
著、罷、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
特定時日和「一……就」,on後常接動名詞。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驢、馬、玩笑on,cab,carriage則用in。
at山腳、門口、在當前,速、溫、日落、價、核心。
工具、和、同隨with,具有、獨立、就、原因。
就……來說賓譯主,對、有、方狀、表細分。
海、陸、空、車、偶、被by,單數、人類know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介詞省略已習慣。
over、under正上下,above、below則不然,
若與數量詞連用,混合使用亦無關。『
beyond超出、無、不能,against靠著,對與反。
besides,except分內外,among之內along沿。
同類比較except,加for異類記心間。
原狀because of,、 owing to、 e to表語形容詞
under後接修、建中,of、from物、化分。
before、after表一點, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成時,ago過去極有限。
since以來ring間,since時態多變換。
與之相比beside,除了last but one。
復不定for、找、價、原,對、給、段、去、為、作、贊。
快到、對、向towards,工、學、軍、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虛擬,復合介詞待後言。
ing型由於鑒,除了除外與包合。
之後、關於、在......方面,有關介詞須記全。
in內to外表位置,山、水、國界to在前。
⑶ 初中英語語法大全的作品目錄
第一章 名詞
一 名詞的分類
二 名詞的數
三 名詞的所有格
四 名詞在句中的作用
五 名詞的修飾語
六 名詞的單位
精猜考題
答案與解析
第二章 代詞
一 代詞的分類
二 人稱代詞
三 物主代詞
四 反身代詞
五 指示代詞
六 不定代詞
七 代詞it的用法
八 相互代詞
九 疑問代詞
十 連接代詞
十一 關系代詞
精猜考題
答案與解析
第三章 數詞
一 基數詞
二 序數詞
三 數詞的用法
精猜考題
答案與解析
第四章 冠詞
一 不定冠詞的用法
二 定冠詞的用法
三 零冠詞的用法
四 冠詞的位置
五 冠詞的省略
精猜考題
答案與解析
第五章 形容詞和副詞
第一節形容詞
一 形容詞的特徵、分類和功能
二 形容詞的位置
三 形容詞的比較級和最高級
四 形容詞的名詞化
五 形容詞與介詞的搭配
第二節 副詞
一 副詞的特徵、分類和功能
二 副詞的位置
三 副詞的比較級和最高級
四 常見副詞的用法
精猜考題
答案與解析
第六章 介詞
一 介詞的分類
二 介詞的賓語
三 介詞短語的句法功能
四 介詞的位置
五 介詞的意義
六 介詞的固定搭配
七 介詞的省略
精猜考題
答案與解析
第七章 連詞和感嘆詞
一 連詞的分類
二 並列連詞
三 從屬連詞
四 感嘆詞
精猜考題
答案與解析
第八章 動詞
一 動詞的各種形式
二 動詞的種類
三 短語動詞
精猜考題
答案與解析
第九章 時態和語態
一 時態
二 語態
精猜考題
答案與解析
第十章 非謂語動詞
一 不定式
二 動詞的-ing形式
三 動詞的-ed形式
四 非謂語動詞的用法區別
精彩考題
答案與解析
第十一章 句子
一 句子成分
二 五種基本句型
三 句子分類
四 句子結構
精猜考題
答案與解析
第十二章 復合句
一 主語從句
二 表語從句
三 賓語從句
四 定語從句
五 狀語從句
精猜考題
答案與解析
第十三章 直接引語和間接引語
一 直接引語和間接引語的特點
二 直接引語和間接引語的轉換
猜猜考題
答案與解析
第十四章 主謂一致
一 主謂一致的三個原則
二 主謂一致的各種情形
精猜考題
答案與解析
……
⑷ 初中英語語法要點
學習提綱
一,詞類,句子成分和構詞法:
1,詞類:英語詞類分十種:
名詞,形容詞,代詞,數詞,冠詞,動詞,副詞,介詞,連詞,感嘆詞.
1,名詞(n.): 表示人,事物,地點或抽象概念的名稱.如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.
2,代詞(pron.): 主要用來代替名詞.如:who, she, you, it .
3,形容詞(adj..):表示人或事物的性質或特徵.如:good, right, white, orange .
4,數詞(num.): 表示數目或事物的順序.如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5,動詞(v.): 表示動作或狀態.如:am, is,are,have,see .
6,副詞(adv.): 修飾動詞,形容詞或其他副詞,說明時間,地點,程度等.如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7,冠詞(art..):用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞.如:a, an, the.
8,介詞(prep.): 表示它後面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關系.如in, on, from, above, behind.
9,連詞(conj.): 用來連接詞,短語或句子.如and, but, before .
10,感嘆詞(interj..)表示喜,怒,哀,樂等感情.如:oh, well, hi, hello.
2,句子成分:英語句子成分分為七種:主語,謂語,賓語,定語,狀語,表語,賓語補足語.
1,主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是"誰"或者"什麼".通常用名詞或代詞擔任.如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2,謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態,回答"做(什麼)".主要由動詞擔任.如:Jack cleans the room every day. (傑克每天打掃房間)
3,表語在系動詞之後,說明主語的身份或特徵,回答是"什麼"或者"怎麼樣".通常由名詞,代詞或形容詞擔任.如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4,賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是"什麼".通常由名詞或代詞擔任.如:He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)
有些及物動詞帶有兩個賓語,一個指物,一個指人.指物的叫直接賓語,指人的叫間接賓語.間接賓語一般放在直接賓語的前面.如:He wrote me a letter . (他給我寫了一封信)
有時可把介詞to或for加在間接賓語前構成短語,放在直接賓語後面,來強調間接賓語.如:He wrote a letter to me . (他給我寫了一封信)
5,定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞,代詞,數詞等擔任.如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)
6,狀語用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞,通常由副詞擔任.如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7,賓語補足語用來說明賓語怎麼樣或干什麼,通常由形容詞或動詞充當.如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老師要我自學法語)
☆同位語通常緊跟在名詞,代詞後面,進一步說明它的情況.如:Where is your classmate Tom (你的同學湯姆在哪裡 )
3,構詞法:英語構詞法主要有:合成法,派生法和轉換法.
1,合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等.
2,派生法:
(1)派生名詞:①動詞+er/or ②動詞+ing ③動詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等.
3,轉換法:
(1)形容詞→動詞,如:dry(乾燥的)→dry(弄乾), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄乾凈),等等.
(2)動詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等.
(3)名詞→動詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對)等等.
(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast等等.
(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什麼時候)→(當……時候),等等.
(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在裡面;在家),on(在…上)→(進行,繼續),等等.
二,名詞:
1,英語名詞可分專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類:
1,專有名詞是個別的人,地,物,團體,機構等的專用名稱.
專有名詞中實詞的第一個字母要大寫.
如:Beijing, Tom, the People's Republic of China(中華人民共和國)
專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語,則必須使用定冠詞the.如:the Great Wall(長城)
姓氏名如果採用復數形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復數含義),如:the Greens( 格林一家人).
2,普通名詞是許多人或事物的共有名稱.如:pupil, family, man, foot.
普通名詞又分為可數名詞和不可數名詞.
▲可數名詞是可以用簡單的數詞進行計數的名詞,如: box, child, orange;
▲不可數名詞是不可以用簡單的數詞進行計數的名詞.如:water, news, oil, population, information .
2,英語可數名詞的單復數:英語可數名詞有單數和復數兩種形式.
1,名詞由單數變復數的基本方法如下:
①在單數名詞詞尾加s.如:map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.
②s,o,x ,sh,ch結尾的詞加es.如:class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.
[注]:少數以o結尾的詞,變復數時只加s.如:photo→photos, piano→pianos.
③以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞,變y為i,再加es.如:family→families, city→cities, party→parties.
④以f或fe結尾的名詞,變f或fe為v,再加es.如:shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.
2,不規則變化:man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese
不可數名詞一般沒有復數形式,說明其數量時,要用有關計量名詞.如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk. 學習英語語法的網站: http://www.readeng.cn/zhongxiaoxueyingyu/2010/0204/9095.html
⑸ 初中英語介詞,有哪些
1)簡單介詞( preposition),即單一介詞,如at,in,of,since等。
2)復合介詞(compound preposition),由兩個介片語成,如as for,as to,into,out of等。
3)二重介詞(double preposition),由兩個介詞搭配而成,但沒有復合介詞那樣固定,如from under,from behind,until afterexpect in等。
4)短語介詞(phrasal preposition),由短語構成,如according to,because of,in spite of,on behalf of,with reference to等。
5)分詞介詞(participle preposition),由現在分詞如regarding,concerning,including等。
介詞還可按其詞義分為下列常見的幾種:
1)表地點(包括動向),如about,above,after,along,amongat, before,below,beneath,beside,between,beyond,by,down,from,in,,off,on,over,through,throughout,to,under,up,upon,with,within,without等。
[注]
有不少表地點的介詞表動向,除很明顯的across,around,near,外,
還有
among
,
behind
,
beneath
,
between
,
on
,
to
,
under
等。
2
)表時間,如
about
,
after
,
around
,
as
,
at
,
before
,
behind
,
between
,
by
,
ring
,
for
,
from
,
in
,
into
,
of
,
on
,
over
,
past
,
since
,
through
,
throughout
,
til
l(until)
,
to
,
towards
,
within
等。
3
)表除去,如
besides
,
but
,
except
等。
4
)表比較,如
as
,
like
,
above
,
over
等。
5
)表反對,如
against
,
with
等。
6
)表原因、目的,如
for
,
with
,
from
等。
7
)表結果,如
to
,
with
,
without
等。
8
)表手段、方式,如
by
,
in
,
with
等。
9
)表所屬,如
of
,
with
等。
⑹ 關於初中英語 介詞的全部用法 注意是初中的
The best I can do.
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介詞(preposition):也叫前置詞。在英語里,它的搭配能力最強。但不能單獨做句子成分需和名詞或代詞(或相當於名詞的其他詞類、短語及從句)構成介詞短語,才能在句中充當成分。
介詞的種類:
(1)簡單介詞:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, ring, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2)合成介詞:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3)短語介詞:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to
(4)分詞介詞:considering, reguarding, including, concerning
介詞短語:
構成 例句 介詞+名詞 We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 介詞+代詞 Could you look for it instead of me? 介詞+動名詞 He insisted on staying home. 介詞+連接代/副詞 I was thinking of how we could get there. 介詞+不定式/從句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介詞的用法:
一、介詞to的常見用法
1.動詞+to
a)動詞+ to
adjust to適應,
attend to處理;照料,
agree to贊同,
amount to加起來達…,
belong to屬於,
come to達到,
drink to為…乾杯,
get to到達,
happen to發生在某人身上,
hold to緊握,
lead to通向,
listen to聽,
occur to想起,
object to反對,
point to指向,
respond to回答,
refer to參考;指的是…;涉及,
reply to回答,
see to負責,
stick to堅持,
turn to求助,
write to給某人寫信。
b)動詞(+sth.)+to+sb.
announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對某人表達, mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議,speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。
c)動詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加, compare to比作, carry to運送至, devote to致力於,introce to介紹給, invite to邀請參加, join to連接到, leave to委託給,rece to下降至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to
be alive to覺察;曉得,
be attentive to注意;留心,
be awake to知曉,
be blind to缺乏眼光,
be close to緊挨著,
be common to對某人來說很普通,
be contrary to違反;反對,
be devoted to致力,
be deaf to不願意聽,
be equal to有…的力量,
be exposed to暴露;遭受,
be fair to對…公平,
be familiar to對某人來說熟悉,
be grateful to對某人心存感激,
be good to對…有好處,
be harmful to對…有危害,
be important to對…重要,
be kind to友好對待,
be known to周知於,
be married to嫁給,
be moved to轉移到,
be near to靠近,
be necessary to對…有必要,
be opposite to在對面,
be opposed to反對,
be pleasant to合某人之意,
be proper to專屬,
be polite to禮貌待人,
be rude to粗暴對待,
be relative to與…有關,
be strange to不習慣,
be similar to類似,
be suitable to適合,
be true to忠實,
be thankful to感激,
be useful to對…有用,
be used to習慣。
3.to+名詞構成的片語
to a degree在某種程度上, to date到現在為止,to one』s feet跳起來,to one』s mind照…看來, to one』s surprise使…吃驚,to one』s taste符合胃口, to oneself獨自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
二、at的常見用法 at構成的片語比較多,要細心區分。
1.動詞+ at
arrive at抵達,call at訪問某地, catch at(it)當場抓住, come at攻擊, fire at向…開火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而視, grieve at憂傷,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at對…高興,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射擊, stare at怒目而視,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at顫抖,wonder at吃驚,work at工作。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ at
be angry at惱怒於, be alarmed at對…保持警覺,be astonished at對…吃驚, be bad at不擅長, be clever at對某事很靈巧,be delighted at高興,be disgusted at厭惡, be disappointed at對…失望,be good at擅長, be impatient at對…不夠耐心, be mad at狂熱於,be pleased at對…感到高興, be present at出席, be satisfied at滿意,be surprised at吃驚, be shocked at對…非常震驚,be terrified at受到…的恐嚇,be quick at對…很機敏。
3.at+名詞構成的片語
at a distance在一定距離,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一點也不,at any cost不惜一切代價,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手頭,at heart在內心裡,at home在家;無拘束,at last最後,at least至少,at most最多,at once馬上,at present目前。
三、介詞on的常見用法
on的用法比較重要,本文介紹它的一些常見用法:
1.動詞+on
a)動詞+ on要認真區分下面一些片語
act on對…有作用, bring on促使;導致, call on拜訪某人,count on依賴, carry on執行,depend on取決, feed on以…為生,figure on料想;推斷, go on繼續,have on穿著, insist on堅持,keep on繼續, lean on依賴, live on以…為生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(電源), take to喜歡;養成;輕易學會,turn on接通(電源), work on操作, wait on侍候。
b)動詞+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)
base on以…為基礎, congratulate on恭賀, fix on固定, have mercy on憐憫,have pity on憐惜, keep watch on監視, spend on把時間、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容詞+on的片語
be dependent on依賴, be hard on對某人苛刻,be impressed on對…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on對…嚴格。
3.on+名詞構成的片語
on board乘(車,飛機),on call聽候召喚, on ty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on foot步行,on guard在崗,on hire僱用,on holiday度假
四、介詞in的常見用法
1.動詞+in
a)動詞+ in
believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;產生;帶來, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收獲, hand in上繳, involve in涉及, lie in在於, result in導致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in捲起;訂閱, turn in歸還當局。
b)動詞+sb./time/money+ in
help sb. in幫助某人做某事, spare time/money in勻出時間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時間或錢做某事,waste time/money in浪費時間或錢做某事。
2. be +形容詞+ in
be active in活躍於,be absorbed in專心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生於,be concerned in牽涉, be clothed in穿著, be disappointed in對…失望,be diligent in勤於, be experienced in在…有經驗, be employed in任職於,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的專家, be excellent in在…優秀,be interested in對…有興趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in遲緩, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精於,be strict in嚴於, be weak in弱於。
3. in +名詞
in advance提前,in all總共,in balance總而言之,in bed卧床,in body親自,in brief簡明扼要,in case萬一, in charge主管,in danger有危險, in debt負債, in despair失望,in force大量地;有效,in full全部地, in flower開花,in general一般說來,in itself本身, in love戀愛, in order井然有序, in person親自,in public公開地, in progress有進展, in practice從實踐上看, in rags穿著破衣,in research探索, in return作為報答,in ruins一片廢墟,in short總之,in theory從理論上看, in trouble有麻煩, in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時, in turn按順序, in vain白白地,in view看得見。
五、介詞from的常見用法
from的用法可不能小瞧,你不一定知道下面這些片語意義。
1.動詞+from
a)動詞+ from
come from來自,date from追溯, depart from違背, die from死於, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂掛, hear from收到來信,learn from向某人學習, return from自某地返回,rise from自…冒出, result from起因於, suffer from忍受。
b)動詞+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place
borrow from向…借, choose from選自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不準做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移動;除去, save from保全;拯救, separate from分離開來,stop from阻止。
2. be +形容詞+ from
be absent from缺席,be different from與眾不同, be far from更不用說, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…製成, be tired from因…而疲倦。
3.from…to…
from bad to worse每況愈下,from beginning to end自始至終,from cover to cover從頭到尾,from China to Peru到處,from day to day一天一天地,from door to door挨家挨戶,from end to end從頭至尾,from first to last自始至終,from hand to mouth勉強糊家,from head to foot從頭到腳,from mouth to mouth廣泛流傳,from sun to sun從日出到日落,from start to finish從頭開始,from top to toe從頭到腳,from time to time不時地,from top to bottom徹底地。
六、介詞for的常見用法
1.動詞+for
a)動詞+for
account for解釋;說明, answer for對…負責,apply for申請;請求,apologize for為…而道歉, beg for請求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for報名參加, fight for為…而戰, hope for希望,inquire for查詢;求見, leave for離開某地到另一地, look for尋找, long for盼望,mistake for誤認為, plan for計劃做某事, prepare for為…作準備,provide for為…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for競選, stand for象徵,search for搜尋, send for派人去請, speak for陳述意見、願望, take for當作, wish for希望, wait for等待。
b)動詞+sb.+ for +sth.
ask for要求得到,blame for因…責備, excuse for寬恕, forgive for諒解, pardon for原諒,pay for花錢買, praise for稱贊, punish for對…進行懲罰,push for催逼,reward for酬謝, thank for對…表示謝意。
2. be +形容詞+for
be anxious for急於做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害於,be convenient for便於, be good for利於, be famous for以…出名,be fit for適合於, be grateful for對…心存感激, be impatient for對…不耐煩,be late for遲到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准備,be sorry for為…而後悔, be responsible for對…負責,be suitable for適合於, be unfit for不適合, be useful for對…有作用。
3.for+名詞構成的片語
for all盡管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain確切地,for company陪著,for ever永遠,for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免費,for fun為了好玩,for good永遠,for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life終身,for long長久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure為了消遣,for reason因為…理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short簡稱,for sport好玩,for sure確切地。
4.動詞+副詞/名詞+for構成的短語
be in for將遇到,make up for彌補,go in for從事,look out for提防,take sth. for granted把…當作理所當然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天賦。
介詞口訣:
介詞的用法
早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、點與分。
年、月、年月、季節、周,陽光、燈、影、衣、冒in。
將來時態in...以後,小處at大處in。
有形with無形by,語言、單位、材料in。
特徵、方面與方式,心情成語慣用in。
介詞at和to表方向,攻擊、位置、惡、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、農場、值日on,關於、基礎、靠、著論。
著、罷、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
特定時日和「一……就」,on後常接動名詞。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驢、馬、玩笑on,cab,carriage則用in。
at山腳、門口、在當前,速、溫、日落、價、核心。
工具、和、同隨with,具有、獨立、就、原因。
就……來說賓譯主,對、有、方狀、表細分。
海、陸、空、車、偶、被by,單數、人類know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介詞省略已習慣。
over、under正上下,above、below則不然,
若與數量詞連用,混合使用亦無關。『
beyond超出、無、不能,against靠著,對與反。
besides,except分內外,among之內along沿。
同類比較except,加for異類記心間。
原狀because of,、 owing to、 e to表語形容詞
under後接修、建中,of、from物、化分。
before、after表一點, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成時,ago過去極有限。
since以來ring間,since時態多變換。
與之相比beside,除了last but one。
復不定for、找、價、原,對、給、段、去、為、作、贊。
快到、對、向towards,工、學、軍、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虛擬,復合介詞待後言。
ing型由於鑒,除了除外與包合。
之後、關於、在......方面,有關介詞須記全。
in內to外表位置,山、水、國界to在前。
⑺ 初中的英語介詞
in 在。。來。里
on 在。。源。上
upon 在
at 在
by 乘,用
of 。。。的
off 離開
for 為
as 作為。像
like 像
into 。。。里
out of 。。。外
from 從
to 到
near 在。。。附近
about 關於,大約
along 沿著
behind 在。。。後
over 在。。。上方,結束
under 在。。。下
above 在。。。上
below 在。。。下
round 環繞
inside 在。。。里
outside 在。。。外
beside 在。。。旁邊
besides 除了
beyond 超出
past 過
across 穿過
through 穿過,通過
towards 朝著
with 和,用
within 在。。。里
without 沒有
against 對著,反對
ring 在。。。期間
between 在。。。之間
among 在。。。之間(三者以上
⑻ 初中英語動詞、介詞的用法及其固定搭配;初中英語的常用語法
初中英語動詞的固定用法和搭配
1. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人去做某事
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2. asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone. be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀請去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions.
4. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night.
5. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes.
6. be amazed to do sth. 對做某事感到驚訝 He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth. 對某事感到驚訝 they were amazed at the news
7. be busy doing/with sth. 忙於做某事 (常考) e.g: I was busy washing my car at that time. 那時候我正忙於清洗我的車子。 I am busy with my work.
8. be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移動詞用進行時態時表將來) the bus is coming/the dog is dying.
9. be excited to do sth. 對做……感到興奮 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane. be excited at sth. Lily was excited at his words. be excited about doing sth. he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10. be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11. be glad/happy to do sth. 高興去做某事 she is happy to clean the
blackboard with me. be pleased to do sth. 高興做某事 she was pleased to help the old man yesterday be pleased with sth. 對某事感到高興/滿意 the teacher was pleased with my answer.
12. be interested in sth./doing sth. 對某事感興趣/對做某事感興趣 she is interested in swimming in the river. My brother is interested in Chinese.
13. be/get ready for/to do sth. Be ready for sth. 為某事做好了准備 We are ready for the exam. Be ready to do sth. 為做某事做好了准備We are ready to have a birthday party for her. get ready for sth.為某事在做准備 We are getting ready for the exam.
get ready for sth. 為做某事而做准備
13. be sorry to do sth. 對做某事感到抱歉
14. be surprised to do sth. 對做某事感到驚奇 be surprised at sth. 對某事感到驚奇
15. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 後接動詞-ing形式,常考)
16. begin to do sth. begin/start to do/doing sth.
17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力購買(供)……
18. can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.
19. can』t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
20. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事 make up one』s mind to do sth. 下決心去做某事 (常考) make a decision to do sth. 對做某事作出決定
21. deserve to do sth. 值得/應該做……
22. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人去做某事
23. enjoy doing sth. 樂意去做某事
24. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事
25. fail to do sth. 做某事失敗 succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事
26. finish doing sth. 做完某事(後接動詞-ing形式) (常考)
27. follow sb to do sth. 跟隨某人去做某事
28. get sb. to do sth. make sb. do sth. let sb. do sth.
29. get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一個做某事的機會
30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb. buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.
31. go on to do sth. 繼續做事(常考) go on doing sth. 繼續做事(常考)
32. hate to do/doing sth. 討厭/不喜歡做某事
33. have fun doing sth.
34. have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困難
35. have sb. do sth. have sth. done have sth. to do 有事要做
36. hear sb. do sth. 聽到某人做某事(後接動詞原形,常考) hear sb. doing sth. 聽到某人正在做某事(常見)
37. help to do sth. 幫忙做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事
38. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
39. I t seems that 這像是……(後接從句) seem to do sth. seem +adj.
40. It』s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
It』s + adj. +(of sb.) to do sth e.g: It』s glad for him to hear the news.
41. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花費某人多長時間做某事(常考)
42. pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth.
43. It』s best for sb to do sth.. 對某人來說做某事是最好的
had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had沒有時態和人稱的變化,better後接動詞原形)
44. It』s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的時候了
45. keep (on)doing sth. 堅持做某事(常考) keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人做某事(常考)
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考) keep sb./ sth. +adj. keep the book for 2 days 借這本書兩天(不要用borrow或lend)
46. learn to do sth. 學做某事 learn sth. from sb. 向某人學習
47. like to do/doing sth. 喜歡做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜歡某人做某事
48. need to do sth. need doing sth./to be done need sth . needn』t do sth.
49. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧願……而不願……(常考)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡做……勝過做……
e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起購物來,我更愛讀書。
50. refuse to do sth. 拒絕做……
51. remember/forget to do sth. 記得/忘記做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 記得/忘記做過某事
52. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事 (結果)
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事(正在進行中)
be seen to do sth. 做某事被看見
53. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的東西 (詞不定式放在something等後修飾這些詞)
e.g: I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的東西。
54. spend some time (in)doing sth. /on sth. 花費時間做某事(注意動詞要用ing形式)(常考)
spend some money on sth./ doing sth. 買……花了多少錢
55. Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do. 做好某事很難/容易
56. stop to do sth. 停下來去某事(兩件事) (常考)
stop doing sth. 停止做某事(一件事) (常考)
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)
57. take turns to do sth. 輪流做……
58. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事 be told to do sth. 被告知不要做某事
59. There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 對某人來說沒必要做某事
60. There is no time (for sb.) to do sth.
have no time to do sth. 沒時間做某事
61. too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能……
so… that… not… enough to do
e.g: The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上學。
62. try/do one』s best to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try to do sth. 試著(圖)做某事
63. used to do sth. 過去常做某事( used to be + adj./ a +n)
e.g: Mr. wang used to be a teacher worker. 王先生過去是一位工人。 I used to live in the country. 過去我住在農村
64. want/would like to do sth. 想做…… want/would like sb. to do sth. 想某人做……
feel like doing sth. 喜愛做某事(注意like後接動詞ing形式
65. warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事
66. Why don』t you do sth.? Why not do sth ?
表示建議的句型還有:What How about……? (如果是動詞,要用ing形式) Shall we……?
67. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? Yes, I』d love to.
68. Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事嗎?
69. Would you please (not) do sth. 你可不可以不做……?
70. finish doing sth. enjoy doing sth. practise doing sth. be good at doing sth. be good at doing sth. thank you f
or doing sth. stop doing sth. be good at doing sth. give up doing sth mind doing sth stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel like doing sth hate
doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to sth/doing sth
71. 非延續性動詞(終止性動詞)
1) buy---have(has)had 2) borrow---have(has)kept 3)
leave---have(has)been away
4) go ---have(has)been away/in… 5) come ---have(has)here/in…
6) die ---have(has)been dead 7) join---have(has)been a member of/in…
8) begin---have(has)on 9) stop---have(has)been over
例如: 他的狗死了3天了.: His dog has been dead for three days. It is three days since his dog died. His dog died three days ago.
72. 感官動詞:(主動語態不帶to)1.hear/see/watch sb do sth 或 2.
hear/see/watch sb doing sth
1)We often hear him sing the song.
2)I saw him swimming in the river just now.
被動語態帶to:
He is often heard to sing the song.
役使動詞: (主動語態不帶to) make/let sb do sth.
His father often makes him do this and that.
被動語態帶to:
He is often made to do this and that by his father.
⑼ 初中英語要掌握哪些介詞初中的,需掌握的
時間
at in on since for after in until by
方位
on in to over above under below at
方式
by in on with but expect besides
建議涉獵越多內越好容