『壹』 請問初中英語語法有多少種哪些是升中必考的呢側重點是什麼
初中英語語法分類:
1、冠詞:定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞的用法
2、名詞:名詞分類(可數、不可數)、構成法、所有格
3、代詞:人稱代詞(主、賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性、名詞)、反身代詞、疑問代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞
4、數詞:基數詞、序數詞、概數
5、形容詞:三級的規則不規則變化
6、副詞:時間副詞、地點副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、疑問副詞、關系副詞
7、介詞:方位介詞、時間介詞
8:連詞:並列連詞(表平行、轉折、選擇)、從屬連詞(即引導從句的連詞)
9:動詞的分類:實義動詞(及物、不及物動詞)、系動詞、助動詞、情態動詞
10、動詞時態:一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、現在完成時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時共八種
11、動詞被動語態:以時態為基礎的各種情況的變形
12、非謂語動詞:動詞不定式、動名詞、分詞
13、主謂一致:語法一致原則、意義一致原則、鄰近原則
14、特殊句式:倒裝句、陳述句、感嘆句、疑問句、祈使句
15、並列句和復合句:並列句、狀語從句(時間、條件、原因、目的、結果、讓步、比較狀語從句)、賓語從句、定語從句(關系代詞、關系副詞用法)
在初中任何考試里,上述語法都會貫徹到,只不過是考查形式不盡相同,有的會在單選,有的是在完型閱讀,特別是作文里也要用,所以語法要扎扎實實掌握,不能存僥幸心理。
當然,任何考試一定會有個側重點。上述1~9各種詞是基礎,真正經常用題目來考的重中之重是後面幾點復雜的,有:情態動詞、時態、被動語態、非謂語動詞(換句話說,就是有關動詞的語法知識一定要好好掌握,非謂語動詞是個大難點!!!)、主謂一致、倒裝句、狀語從句和定語從句(這兩個從句裡面名堂很多,定語從句逢考必考!!!)
以上就是初中英語語法的全部內容。
咳咳~~終於打完了~~額~~希望對你有用~~祝你考試順利~~!!!(^-^)
『貳』 英語中什麼是從屬連詞
連詞用於引導從句以形成句子的一部分或修飾句子的構成要素的叫作從屬連詞.由從屬連詞所引導的句子叫從句,而含有從句的句子叫作復合句.
連詞是連接單詞,短語,從句或句子的一種虛詞.
從屬連詞這種連詞是用以引導名詞性從句和狀語從句的.
在英語詞類中,連接詞可說是最容易掌握的一種。
從結構上說,英語連接詞分兩大類:並列連詞(coordinating conjunctions)和從屬連詞(subordinating conjunctions)。
並列連詞連接兩個或兩個以上地位平等的字、片語或分句。例如:(1) Air and water are indispensable to me.
(2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
(3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
從屬連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的分句,形成復雜句中的從屬分句。例如:
(4) He said that he did not want to go .
(5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.
(6) You may come if you want to.
上述連詞的用法,看起來不難,但錯誤也難免。下面是些好例子:
(1) This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
這里的「as well as」和「both」不能搭配,應該將「as well 」改為「and」,使「both.......and......」變成關聯連詞( correlative conjunction)
(2) He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
這里的「not only」應該移到「speaks」後面,使這個動詞兼顧兩個等立賓語:「Mandarin」和「English」。
(3) Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
英語里的「although」和「but」是不見面的 ,因此這句里的「 but」要去掉,不然「although」就要出來。
(4) Jim is not so strong like you.
這里的「not so」必須和「as」連成一體;介詞「like」是不適宜的。
(5) No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
"No sooner"必須和"than" 配成關聯連詞,把"than" 省掉是不對的,應該補上:
No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
這句子的意思也可透過「as soon as」反映出來:
「As soon as we reached our destination, they left.」
(6) I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
這里的並列連詞「and」是多餘的,必須去掉。如果要保留「and 」也可,但是形容詞分句里的關系代詞「Which」要改成主語「it」 ,使整個句子變成並列分句如下:
I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
(7) My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
這里的「and」應該用來連接最後兩個謂語才對:
My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
不然,就要把「said」改成「saying」。
My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.
『叄』 英語語法中從屬關系的意思
從結構上說,英語連接詞分兩大類:並列連詞(coordinating conjunctions)和從屬連詞(subordinating conjunctions)。專 從屬連詞這種連詞是用以引導名詞屬性從句和狀語從句的,從屬連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的分句。注意,when的前面 the problem is 不是一個完整句子,所以此處when不是從屬連詞。
此處when是連接副詞,用於引導從句(名詞性從句)或不定式的連接副詞除了when之外還有 why, where, how等(連接副詞why 後不能接不定式)。正如你所說,這個句子是名詞性從句中的表語從句,由when 來引導,是連接副詞。
從屬 屬於的意思
『肆』 分享一下初中英語語法知識。語法全一點,有例子。章節清晰。
一 名詞性從句:1.主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句.一般由that 引起,也可由who,what,when,why,which,whom,whether,how 引起.
2.主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語.:
3.形式賓語
4.由名詞性關系代詞whatever,whoever,whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5.whether and if 都能引導從句,但用法有所不同.當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if.Whether 後能直接or not,但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6.在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導,不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二:定語從句
1.引導定語從句的關系詞有who,whom,whose,that,when,where,why and which.在非限制定語從句中,只可用which,who,whose,where ,when.,如果指代前面整個句子,多用which.
2.當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all,any,no,little,much,very first 等詞,或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all,anything,nothing,something,everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3.as 可做引導詞引導定語從句,多和such,the same 連用.As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子,既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4.介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5.代/名+介詞+which 從句
6.同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:修飾主句中的動詞,形容詞和副詞,通常有從屬連詞引導,按其意義和作用可分為時間,地點,條件,原因,讓步,目的,結果,方式,比較.等
1.時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after,as,before,once,since,till,(not)until,when,whenever(no matter when),while,as long as,as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when:剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,the second,every time etc
2.地點狀語從句:一般用where or wherever 引導
3.條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if,unless,so long as,provided that,supposing that,on condition that,in the event that,in case that etc
4.原因狀語從句:從屬連詞有because,as ,since,for,now,that,in that,seeing that,considering that(鑒於,由於) 5.讓步狀語從句:
1):even if,though,even though,while(盡管) no matter what/how/which,however,whatever,whichever,however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句,語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6.結果狀語從句:so that,so…that,such…that
7.目的狀語從句:so that,in order that,for fear that,lest,in case
8.方式狀語從句:as,just as,as if:如同…一樣
(記得採納哦)
『伍』 初中英語語法
『陸』 初中英語語法知識總結:從句
一 名詞性從句:
1. 主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起.
2. 主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語. :
3. 形式賓語
4. 由名詞性關系代詞whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5. whether and if 都能引導從句, 但用法有所不同. 當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if. Whether 後能直接or not, 但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6. 在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導, 不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二: 定語從句
1. 引導定語從句的關系詞有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定語從句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整個句子, 多用which.
2. 當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等詞, 或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all, anything, nothing, something, everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3. as 可做引導詞引導定語從句, 多和such, the same 連用. As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子, 既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4. 介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5. 代/名+介詞+which 從句
6. 同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:
修飾主句中的動詞, 形容詞和副詞, 通常有從屬連詞引導, 按其意義和作用可分為時間, 地點, 條件, 原因, 讓步, 目的, 結果, 方式, 比較.等
1. 時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc
2. 地點狀語從句: 一般用where or wherever 引導
3. 條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc
4. 原因狀語從句: 從屬連詞有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鑒於,由於)
5. 讓步狀語從句:
1): even if, though, even though, while(盡管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句, 語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6. 結果狀語從句: so that, so…that, such…that
7. 目的狀語從句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case
8. 方式狀語從句: as, just as, as if: 如同…一樣
9. 比較狀語從句:
1) as…as, not so/as…as
2) 比較級+than, so much/a lot more than
3) no more…than, not more…than, less…than
4) the more…the more
『柒』 初中英語語法、時態、詞彙、知識點和中考考點歸納
一、初中階段的重要語法有5種時態:一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在內進行時、容過去進行時、現在完成時。
二、語態:被動語態(現在過去將來完成以及情態動詞的被動語態)
三、詞彙量大概1700,課本上單詞表裡黑體是重點,還要注意一些重點短語 例如look for/ after/up/out等等意思上的區別
四、知識點較多,這個參照中考復習手冊。注:上課老師講的知識點尤為重要,所以上課仔細聽講認真記筆記是學好英語最好的方法之一。
五、中考考點有賓語從句、比較級、被動語態、時態、代詞、介詞等語法。另外一些重要句型我們要熟記,例如 It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth. so ......that too .......to I'm afraid that... 等60個句型。建議參考5,3這本書。
『捌』 求初中英語語法知識點
呵呵,這個在網上很難有專業的資料,往往良莠不齊,建議用魏老師的《中考語法完全突破》視頻教程,還有配套的《精編2011年中考語法專項練習》以及《中考語法完全突破》記憶大綱,三件一套,號稱「中學語法三劍客」。
視頻教程在網上一搜就能找到,可以看看,非常全面系統,目前很受中學生的歡迎。
『玖』 七年級英語期中復習資料(有重點句型、每個單元的單詞、語法)
初中英語語法知識難點大全
英語語法知識難點(一)
(一) 形容詞和副詞
I. 要點
A. 形容詞
1、 形容詞的用法
形容詞是用來修飾、描繪名詞的,通常在句中作定語、表語或賓補,有時還可作狀語。如:
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容詞與定冠詞連用表示一類人作主語時,謂語通常用復數形式。如:
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多個形容詞作定語修飾名詞的順序:
冠詞+序數詞+基數詞+性質狀態(描述性)+形狀大小+新舊老少+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞。如:
the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容詞比較等級的形式
(1) 規則形式
一般說來,單音節詞及少數雙音節詞在後加-er; --est 來構成比較級和最高級;其他雙音節詞及多音節詞在前加more, most.如:
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不規則形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
(3) 形容詞比較等級的用法
①表示兩者的比較,用形容詞的比較級+than. 如:
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示兩者以上的比較,用"the +形容詞最高級(+名詞)+of(in) …"如:
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示兩者是同等程度,用"as +形容詞原級+as". 如:
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
④ 越… 越…
例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.
⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎麼贊揚這個老師也不過分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我擔心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
這是我吃過的最好的一頓飯。
⑦ My English is no better than yours.
我的英語和你的英語都不怎麼樣。
B.副詞
1、 副詞的種類
(1) 時間副詞 如:ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地點副詞 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副詞 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副詞 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級的用法
其用法與形容詞相似,只是副詞最高級前可省略定冠詞。如:
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區別
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經發生,主要用於肯定句;yet表示期待某事發生,主要用於否定句和疑問句;still表示某事還在進行,主要用於肯定句和疑問句,有時也可用於否定句。如:
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用於肯定句和疑問句,too和as well多用於口語,一般放在句末,而also多用於書面語,一般放在句中與動詞連用。either用於否定句和否定的疑問句,往往放在句末。如:
He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意為"幾乎"與hard在詞義上完全不同。如:
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意為"最近、近來",late意為"晚、遲"。如:
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
II. 例題
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析:該題正確答案是B。修飾人高用tall, 而建築物的高用high,並且enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞後面。因此該題選B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析:該題正確答案為B。"the+形容詞比較級+… , the +形容詞比較級+…"意為越…,越…。該句意為:吃的葯越多,我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析:該題正確答案為C。A和B都用於肯定句中。D-neither本身意為否定"兩者都不",而C-either則用於否定句中,意為"也"。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析:該題正確答案為B。A. deep用於副詞時,修飾具體的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply則修飾表示感情色彩的詞,如該題為deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均為副詞,不能互相修飾。
(二) 介詞
I. 要點
1、介詞和種類
(1) 簡單介詞,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 復合介詞,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介詞和其他詞類的習慣搭配關系
(1) 和動詞的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容詞的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名詞的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介詞短語可以有自己的修飾語,這種修飾語通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少數幾個副詞。如:
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介詞的意義與用法舉例
(1) at, on, in(表時間)
表示時間點用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不確定的時間或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指長於或短於一天的時段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among(表位置)
between僅用於二者之間,但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個之間的相互關系時,也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用於三者或三者以上之間。如:
He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意為"在…旁邊",而besides意為"除…之外"。如:
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指動物或人在樹上,而on the tree 指果實、樹葉長在樹上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指擋道
by the way 指順便問一句 in this way 用這樣的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角內 at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般說法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般說法 on the bus 特指乘某一輛車
II. 例題
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析:A、B兩項except等於but,意為"除了…",C-beside意為"在…旁邊",不符合題意。而D-besides, 意為"除了…之外,還有"。所以該題正確答案為D。該題意為:除了英語外,你還知道別的語言嗎?
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D ring
解析:我們均知道,at night這一短語,但如果night前有修飾詞,表具體的夜晚,則要用介詞on來修飾,故該題正確答案為A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析:該題正確答案為A。look forward to 為固定搭配,意為"期望、盼望"。(三) 連詞
I. 要點
1、 連詞的種類
(1) 並列連詞用來連接並列關系的詞、短語或分句,如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2) 從屬連詞用來引導從句,如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了從屬連詞(引導狀語從句)外,還有其它可以用來引導從句的詞類。它們是連接代詞和連接副詞(引導名詞性從句),關系代詞和關系副詞(引導定語從句)。
2、 常用連詞舉例
(1)and 和,並且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和, 既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but 但是,而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…, 要麼…要麼…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因為
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however 然而,可是
Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or 或者,否則
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so 因此,所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although 雖然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as 一 …就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because 因為
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
(14)unless 除非,如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
(15)until 直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬間動詞用於not… until 結構)
He stayed there until eleven.
(16)while 當…時候,而 (表示對比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while後不可用瞬間動詞)
My pen is red while his is blue.
(17)for 因為
He was ill, for he didn't come. (結論是推斷出來的)
(18)since自從…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
(19)hardly… when 一… 就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
(20)as far as 就… 來說
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那裡)
II. 例題
例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A as well B as well as C so well D so well as
解析:該題意為:John踢足球如果不比David好的話,那也踢得和David一樣好。 和…一樣好為as well as. 故該題正確答案為B。
例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A when B where C which D while
解析:該處意為"然而",只有while有此意思,故選D。
例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?
A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise
解析:該處意為"或者",正確答案為C。