『壹』 高一英語主要涉及到哪些語法
首先，我送你一個語法網站，看樣子你語法有待加強啊！！
被動語態
英語中的被動語態使用得比漢語要多，要普遍，許多課本乃至實際應用中都常常涉及到這個問題。一般說來，當強調動作承受者，不必說出執行者或含糊不清的執行者時，多用被動式。須注意的是，許多地方與漢語不同。注意那些漢語中沒有"被……"的意思，英語卻應該用被動態。還要注意，英語的被動態往往由"by"引出，而有用介詞"by"的短語往往又不是被動態，而是系表結構。還有些特殊現象，如：known to man(人類......所知)，on foot步行(美國人有時用by foot)，in carraige(乘四輪馬車)等等。還有假主動，真被動的十幾個常用詞的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried 等習慣用法。有關這類情況，做到心中有數對全面掌握被動態，准確無誤地解答習題非常關鍵，被動態必須涉及的是動詞的各種時態變化的問題。英語的時態本來很復雜，怎樣記住各自的被動形式呢? 首先要明確"將來進行無被動，現在完成進行
同"。這兩種時態無被動形式。
另外，不及物動詞帶有同源賓語的動詞，反身代詞的動詞和系動詞都無被動形式。即便如此，還有不定式，動名詞，分詞，以及它們的復合結構)的被動態，再加上情態動詞，助動詞以及它們的疑問式和否定式從中摻雜，真是令人頭痛，眼花繚亂。下面口訣就以動詞do為例，即do did過去式done過去分詞，以口訣形式總結各種時態的被動態，一定對你有所啟示。
被動語態（一般現在時）
主動語態變被動語態時，主動語態句中的賓語變成被動語態句中的主語，主動語態句中的主語成為被動語態句中的動作的發出者。
被動語態的口訣
一般現、過用be done，be有人稱、時、數變。
完成時態have(has) done，被動將been加中間。
一般將來shall (will) do，被動變do為be done。
將來進行無被動，shall (will) be doing,
現在完成進行同，have (has) been doing。
現、過進行be doing, 被動be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律隨新主語變。
否定助後加not，疑問一助置主前。
主語恰是疑問詞，直陳語序主在前。
一般情助加be done，雙賓多將間賓變。
復合賓語賓變主，賓補、主補相應變。
第二句"be有人稱、時、數變"即be有人稱、時態和單、復數的變化。"情助"是指情態動詞和助動詞must，may，can，shall，will等一律隨新主語(多是主動句中的賓語)來變化。"疑問一助置主前"是說有兩個助動詞的話，應把主語放在第一助動詞之後或把第一助動詞置於主語之前。下面詳細舉例說明之。
一般現、過用be done, be有人稱、時、數變
例：1、主動：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.
被動：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children.
孩子們熱烈地歡迎外賓。
2、主動：People regard him as brilliant.
被動：He is regarded as brilliant by people.
人們認為他很有才華。
以上兩例都是一般時態用be done的例子，be有人稱、時、數變，第三人稱foreign friends是復數，時態一般過去時，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被動後的"be done"就變成單數第三人稱is regarded的形式了。
被動：
This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般過去時的被動態)
這篇講演是王的發言。
There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured.
邊境發生嚴重列車事故，兩人死亡，十二人受傷。
A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不諱的人才是真正誠實的人。
A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人給講演者遞上來一張紙條。
John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 喬治被選為班長而代替了亨利。
Volcanoes are described as active, dormant or extinct. 火山被描述為活的，沉睡著的，或者死的。
The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 這位戰士犧牲了，然而列車得救了。
He was thought to be clever but dishonest. 他被認為很聰明但不誠實。（別人認為他很聰明但不誠實）
The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874. 美國的第一個動物園是1874年建立的。
Families were often broken up; wives were taken away from their husbands and children from their parents.
家庭被拆散，妻兒被奪走。
The information is urgently needed. 急需這個資料。
Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them were not taken in the past. 多數環境污染問題的存在，是因為過去沒有採取適當的保護措施。
完成時態have done，被動將been加中間。
(過去完成時had done也包括在內)。
例：1、主動：We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school.
被動：English has been studied for 3 by us years off and on at the spare-time school. (have隨新主語變為has)
我們已經在夜校里斷斷續續地學了三年英語了。
2、主動: They had proced 100 tractors by the end of last year.
被動: 100 tractors had been proced by the end of last year.
到去年年底我們已生產出一百台拖拉機。
3、主動：They have set up a power station in their home town.
被動：A power station has been set up in their home town.
他們的家鄉建立了一座發電站。
4、主動：They have warned us to be careful of rats.
被動：We have been warned to be careful of rats.
他們已提醒我們要注意老鼠。
5、主動：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets.
被動: Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in streets.
人們把裝滿垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。
6、主動：We have used nuclear energy to proce electricity.
被動：Nuclear energy has been used to proce electricity.
核能已用來發電。
7、主動：No one has ever beaten him at tennis.
被動：He has never been beaten at tennis.
就網球來說還沒有人是他的對手。
(No one涉及到全否定和部分否定問題，見否定一講)
The person who owns the gun may try to deny that he has used it. But anyone seeing the smoke knows the gun has just been fired.
有槍的人會極力否認他開了槍。但是任何看到槍煙(槍冒的煙)的人都會知道剛才開了槍。
Today is Cilia's wedding day, she has just been married to Danel.
今天是西麗亞的新婚日，她剛剛和丹尼爾結婚。
The subjects of these lectures have been announced by the lecture committee.
演講委員會已宣布了這些講演的題目。
過去完成時也是一樣：
主動: Somebody had cleaned my shoes.
被動: My shoes had been cleaned by somebody.
有人早已把我的鞋子擦了。
When I returned I found that they had towed (toud) my car away, I asked why they had done this and they told me that id was because I had parked it under a "No Parking Sign".
被動：my car had been towed away. I asked why this had been done and told that ... it had been parked under a "No Parking Sign".
當我回來時，發現我的車被弄走了。我問他們為啥這么於。他們告訴我說因為我把車於停在"禁止停車"的禁區。
主動：They had build three ships by last December.
被動： By last December three ships had been built by them.
到去年年底他們已建造了三艘船。
Research had been centred on the improvement of natural building materials before synthetics were created.
合成材料造出之前，研究工作集中在改進天然建築材料上。
He did not say if all those steel pipes had been examined.
他並沒有說那些鋼管都檢驗過沒有。
After plastic had been created, engineers were given a much wide choice of materials.
塑料發明之後，工程師們在材料選擇上有了更廣闊的途徑。
一般將來shall (will) do，被動變do為be done
即由shall do或will do變為shall done或will be done。
例：主動: We shall build several big modern power plants in our city next year.
被動：Several big modern power plants will be built in our city next year.
過年我市將建立幾座大型現代化的發電廠。
(shall do中的shall要隨新主語變為will, do為be done.)
主動：I shall send my second boy to school next September.
被動：My second boy will be sent to school next September.
過年九月我將送我次子去讀書。
『貳』 高中英語比較重要的語法是什麼該怎樣學好
高中英語較重要的語法是非謂語、
復合句
、時態和語態、情態動詞。。。
『叄』 高中的英語最重要的是什麼語法一定要學嗎
語法和詞彙是高考英語基礎，也是一門語言的三大要素之二，無論是出於高考的回目的，還是為了學答好一門語言，語法都很必要。如果是針對高考的語法，推薦奧風英語的《高考語法完全突破》視頻教程，網路即可收看，講地極其清晰明了，簡單易懂，高考針對性很強，可謂一針見血，不妨搜來看下。而且這套教程配有大綱和練習，用起來非常方便。
『肆』 高一英語的知識點及語法
大哥，你這問的也太含糊了。好歹也說下你的教材是什麼出版社的，這樣別人也好給答案。
不過，我個人認為你在網路上問這種總結語法的問題還不如自己買本高一的英語輔導書，那個才比較能幫助你
『伍』 高一英語重要句型小結
●知識網路
1.重要句型
(1)decide if (which,what,when,where,how)…
(2)I think that…
(3)What\』s the matter?
(4)It\』s nothing serious.
(5)advise sb.(not)to do sth.
(6)It\』s one\』s turn to do…
2.重要詞彙及短語
(1)make a list of .列……表
(2)give sb. advice 給某人建議
(3)act it out 表演
(4)keep up with 跟上
(5)make the right choices 作正確選擇
(6)be based on 根據……
(7)be harmful to 對……有害
(8)keep a balanced diet 保持平衡飲食
(9)be short of 缺乏……
(10)best of all 最
(11)dress up 給……穿盛裝，喬裝打扮……
(12)Compare A with B 把A和B作比較
(13)have…in common 有……共同之處
(14)give thanks for 為……而致謝
(15)share one\』s hopes(belief,faith,optimism)與某人有共同希望（信仰、信念、樂觀態度）
(16)play tricks on 捉弄……
(17)lose(gain)weight 體重減少（增加）
(18)make peace(with) （與……），講和，言歸於好
(19)treat sb.to(a nice lunch) 請某人（吃頓美午餐）
(20)do one\』s homework all wrong. 把作業做錯了
(21)in other words 換句話說
(22)take in 欺騙
3．主要語法
（1）復習「提建議」「給忠告」的幾種表達法
（2）學習情態動詞。
Unit 15~Unit 16
●知識網路
1.重要句型
(1)There is no doubt that…
(2)What happened to sb.?
(3)I don\』t think I know you.
(4)Could you please do…?
(5)It seems like…
2.重要詞彙及短語
(1)give sb.a clue 給某人線索
(2)fall asleep 熟睡
(3)recognize 辨認，認出
(4)after all 畢竟，到底
(5)marry 結婚
(6)try on （試）穿上……
(7)without luck 不幸，倒霉
(8)be worth 值……
(9)pay off 償清
(10)at the most 最多
(11)take up 開始，從事於，繼續，接納
(12)play the role of 扮演……
(13)come up with 趕上，提供，提出
(14)rehearse the plays 排練戲劇
(15)Good luck! 祝你好運！
(16)field of science 科學領域
(17)in my opinion 依我的觀點來看
(18)protect…from… 保護……免受……
(19)go against 違背，反對
(20)end in a tie 打成平局
(21)much too 太……
(22)pro or contra 贊成或反對
3.主要語法
（1）復習「徵求許可」「詢問可能性」「給予指導」的表達法。
（2）繼續學習情態動詞。
Unit 17~Unit 18
●知識網路
1.重要句型
（1）It is said that…
（2）make it possible to do sth.
（3）wish you a lot of success
（4）There are times when…
（5）It is…to do sth.
2.重要詞彙及短語
（1）at the top of one\』s voice高聲地、大聲地
（2）self rescue 自救
（3）be thankful for… 對……感謝
（4）be in good health 身體狀態好；健康
（5）make a decision 做決定
（6）take shelter 躲藏、躲避
（7）refer to 談及、指著，涉及、參考
（8）keep the peace 維持和平
（9）come to terms with… 甘心忍受
（10）best seller 暢銷（書）
（11）hold no promise 失言，不信守承諾
（12）Best of luck to you! 祝您好運!
（13）make good choices 做正確選擇
（14）be made up of 由……組（構）成
（15）make electricity 發電
（16）take possession of… 佔有……
（17）National holiday 國慶節
（18）in relation to 關於，有關……的
（19）compare…with… 把……與……比較
（20）stand for 象徵……；代表……
（21）…has a population of 有……人口
（22）native language 母語
（23）official language 官方語
（24）at an early age 早期
（25）keep deer 養鹿
（26）of high quality 高質量
（27）go sailing(camping…) 去航海（野營）
3.主要語法
（1）主謂一致
（2）代詞「it」的用法
Unit 19~Unit 20
●知識網路 1.重要句型
(1)It is (was …that(who)… (2)There are many ways to do…
(3)What do you think of… (4)I will…〔I\』m going to/hope(plan, intend, want)to do〕
2.重要詞彙及短語
(1)have an effect on…對……有影響
（2）play a role of…扮演……；起……作用
（3）be friendly to對……友好
（4）depend on依靠；由……決定；取決於
（5）shortage of…缺乏……
（6）be known as…作為……而著稱
（7）in other words換句話說
（8）a variety of不同……；形式多樣的……
（9）do experiments做實驗
（10）at the right time of the year在一年的適當時機
（11）the spring (autumn) ploughing春（秋）耕
（12）year after year年復一年
（13）from generation to generation一代又一代地
（14）at sunset在日落時
（15）tongue twister繞口令
（16）in the right order以正確的順序
（17）on the stage在舞台上，在……時期
（18）act as充當……；擔任……
（19）make fun of愚弄……；嘲笑……
（20）play on words玩文字游戲
（21）mother tongue母語
（22）have in common with…有……共同之處
（23）have a long tradition of…有……悠久傳統
（24）date back to…追溯於……；起源於……
（25）advise sb. to do sth.建議某人做某事
（26）be satisfied with對……感到滿意
（27）add to 增加
（28）diving board跳水板
（29）as…as/can(could)盡可能地……
（30）drive off趕走；驅趕
（31）enjoy a long life延年益壽；長壽
（32）in great surprise(total silence)非常驚奇地（非常寂靜）
（33）get confused感到困惑
3.主要語法 （1）it在強調句中的用法
（2）v+ing形式作定語及賓語補足語
Unit 21~Unit 22
●知識網路
1.重要句型
(1)How could you do…?
(2)Thanks for…
(3)That\』s very kind of you.
(4)What about…?
(5)There is nothing better than to do…
(6)Excuse me. Does this road lead to…?
(7)Excuse me. Where can I find…?
2.重要詞彙及短語
（1）body language身勢語
（2）tell the truth說實話
（3）ahead of提前；在……前面
（4）give sb. a hand幫助……
（5）index finger食指
（6）vary from culture to culture由於文化不同而不同
（7）get through克服
（8）Well done!做得好！
（9）come up with趕上……；提出……
（10）put things in order把東西有序排列（放起來）
（11）be divided into被分割成……
（12）risk冒險
（3）focus on注意……；關注；以……為重點
『陸』 高一英語有哪些重要語法，求啊！！！
被動語句 虛擬語句 定語從句 狀語從句 復合句 ect...
『柒』 高一英語重要語法。
英語中有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象，即不知道動作執行者或強調動作承受者的一種語態。如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 中文Chinese是動詞speak的承受者，中文被許多人講。
虛擬語氣的常見類型和句型
（1）由wish引起的表示願望的虛擬語氣
A．用wish表示對現在的願望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式（be動詞用were）。
B．用wish表示對將來的願望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would, could, might+ 動詞原形。
C．wish用於對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現的願望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。
二、特殊形式的虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣的特殊形式，即用來表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意願等的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬形式，其虛擬語氣的構成往往是由should(可省略)+動詞原形that從句。
It is essential that he should be prepared for this.
It is essential for him to be prepared for this.
三、混合虛擬語氣
有時主句和從句的謂語動詞指不同的時間，這時需要用混合虛擬語氣。一般來說，在這種情況下，主從句謂語動詞指代的時間不同，所以我們又可以錯綜時間條件句，在這種虛擬情況，動詞形式應根據實際情況靈活使用，在做這些題目時候尤其要注意每道題目的提示語：時間狀語。絕大多數情況下，從句或者主句都有相關的時間狀語，這是我解題的關鍵。
如：If you that late movie last night, you wouldn』t be so sleepy.
定語從句：在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,片語或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。
如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想見你的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
下面的就不說了，你應該慢慢參悟 而不是一下子學會的 學習是一個過程，要慢慢積累 希望你保持學習的干勁
『捌』 總結一下高中英語最重要的一些單詞及用法，謝謝！
單詞有重要的，只是用法要注意。還有句子，一定要記，課文要經常讀。其它的就是語法，非常非常非常重要，什麼定語從句，謂語從句的，一定要認真。。
『玖』 高一英語比較重要的語法有哪些
先行詞在定語從句中充當主語，賓語，時間，地點，原因狀語。結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明，缺少它，則句義顯得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明，解釋，它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞，這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級，序數詞修飾，是不定代詞，或是all, no, only等形式時，關系代詞一般用that，而不能用which。1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間，地點，原因的詞時，關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外，還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語，done短語，being done短語，to be done短語修飾。其結構和意思如下：1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事。2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞，不定式的各種形式作定語。1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面。如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語，則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。2. 分詞作定語時，其動作應與全句動作同時發生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做，V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的，to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句。答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li，從句完整的表達是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with。答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因。先行詞在從句中做賓語。答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系，關系詞用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會，直到1912年才容納女運動員。_____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games，指過去的內容，表示被動。用done做定語。答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根據句意房子即將開工。_____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子。答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根據句意：比如說，我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語。與全句動作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children，根據從句中的is判斷，是說：三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作。答案：B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩。先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語，同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語，所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money：用這筆錢買火車票。關系詞前面需要加介詞：with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了。devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞：to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day ：先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語：在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會。5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question，根據表達的內容：明天即將被討論的問題。應當用不定式的被動結構做定語。6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示：正在做的食物。Being done 做定語表示：正在被……的……。7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示：正在大樹下看書的那位老師。情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點：情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測。can，could，might，may，must可以用來表達對事實的推測。根據說話人對事實的把握性大小，must表示「肯定…」，may / might / can / could表示「可能……」， must只用於肯定句中，may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句，表示「可能，可能……嗎?」，其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」。用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測。對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構。(二)對現在的事實進行推測：主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」，「不然早就…」。這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法。表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反。表達了說話人的埋怨，後悔的語氣。其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構。根據要表達的意思，有如下結構：should have done / ought to have done：本應該……shouldn』t have done / oughtn』t to have done：本不該……could have done：本來可以……needn』t have done：本來沒必要……would like to have done：本來很想……would rather not have done: 本來不願意……could / might / have done: 不然早就……例句：1. You shouldn』t have laughed at his mistakes.2. You could have told us earlier.3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels.5. We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the train.6. They would like to have seen that film last film.7. If he had given me his number, I could have telephoned him.8. They might have been frozen to death but for the rescue in time.知識難點：某些情態動詞的特殊用法：need 和dare 的兩種形式的用法need 和dare可以用做實義動詞，後面接不定式(to do)結構，在疑問句和否定句中，加助動詞do/does/did/或don』t/doesn』t/didn』t。作為情態動詞使用時，主要用於疑問句和否定句中。情態動詞needn』t(沒有必要，不必)相當於don』t have to例句：1. It is cold, you need to wear some warm clothes.2. Need I stay here with you for a while ? Thank you, you needn』t.3. How dare you speak to parents like that ?注意：句型I dare say+從句。 意思是：我肯定…… = I』m sure或There is no doubt that+從句。例句：I dare say that my uncle will get the money if I die.will和would表示「意志」或「願意」，would 則指過去願意做……例句：1. He said that he would help us.2. You may telephone if you will accept this job.would可以表達「過去習慣做……」類似於「used to do」例句：1. When we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river.表示請求，固定的句型：Will/Would you please do…? / Would you like to do…?例句：Will/Would you please give him a message when you see him ?shall1. 用於第一，三人稱，表示「請求」;「建議」 或「推薦」例句：1. Shall we start the meeting now?2. Shall I watch TV now ?3. Shall my son carry the case for you ?2. 用於第二人稱，表示「命令，「要求」，「許諾」例句：1. You shall take whatever you like.2. You shall not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again.在表示推測的否定句或疑問句中，常用can /can』t /could / couldn』t表示，意思是：「可能…嗎?」;「…不可能…」。而不能使用mustn』t或must等詞。【典型例題】1. —Do you think he will do me a favor ?—As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A. mightB. must C. canD. should分析：本題考查情態動詞推測性用法。 根據he is the last one to help others.(他是最不可能幫助別人的人)，既然如此，那麼「幫助你」的可能性也就最小了。答案為A2. —Look, someone is coming. Guess who it ____ be ?—I think it ___ be Tom.—I don』t think it ___ be ____ .A. can ; must ; can ; heB. may ; can ; must ; himC. must ; can ; must ; hisD. might ; must ; can ; himself分析：根據備選答案。 can表示推測時用於疑問句或否定句中。本題首句就應該是Guess who can it be? 第二句應該是I think it must be Tom.(說話人十分肯定)。第三句表達了說話人對前一個人的否定。即：I don』t think it can be him/he.(不可能是他)。答案為A3. —Do you know Ms. Wang likes walking after supper ?—Sure. She ____ around the campus now.A. must be walkingB. must walkC. may walkD. may be walking分析：關鍵詞Sure告訴我們說話人的口氣十分肯定。根據句子語境：她此刻肯定正在校園散步呢。must be doing表示肯定正在做。答案為A4. —I stayed at a hotel in New York.—Oh, did you ? You _____ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would sayD. must have stayed分析：首句說：我在紐約住在一家賓館里。在此a hotel是泛指。所以D選項不合題意。
『拾』 高一的英語語法主要有什麼
必修1：直接引語和間接引語，現在進行時表將來時的用法，限制性定語從句內
必修2：限制容性定語從句和非限制性定語從句，被動語態（一般將來時，現在完成時，現在進行時，短語動詞）
必修3：情態動詞，名詞性從句（賓語從句、表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句）
必修4：主謂一致，非謂語動詞（主要是doing的用法），構詞法