高一年英語語法及短語

Ⅰ 英語高一語法和句子結構有哪些

先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語.結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連.非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級,序數詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是all, no, only等形式時,關系代詞一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間,地點,原因的詞時,關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外,還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾.其結構和意思如下：1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事.2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語.1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面.如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面.2. 分詞作定語時,其動作應與全句動作同時發生.V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的,to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li,從句完整的表達是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因.先行詞在從句中做賓語.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系,關系詞用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會,直到1912年才容納女運動員._____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games,指過去的內容,表示被動.用done做定語.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根據句意房子即將開工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根據句意：比如說,我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語.與全句動作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children,根據從句中的is判斷,是說：三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作.答案：B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩.先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語,同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語,所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money：用這筆錢買火車票.關系詞前面需要加介詞：with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了.devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞：to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day ：先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語：在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會.5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question,根據表達的內容：明天即將被討論的問題.應當用不定式的被動結構做定語.6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定語表示：正在被……的…….7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示：正在大樹下看書的那位老師.情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點：情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測.can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達對事實的推測.根據說話人對事實的把握性大小,must表示「肯定…」,may / might / can / could表示「可能……」, must只用於肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句,表示「可能,可能……嗎?」,其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」.用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測.對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構.(二)對現在的事實進行推測：主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」,「不然早就…」.這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法.表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反.表達了說話人的埋怨,後悔的語氣.其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構.根據要表達的意思

Ⅱ 高一英語語法歸納及短語用法

How are you getting to the airport? 一般現在時表示時刻表的將來 My plane leaves at seven this evening. 21. go on separate holidays 分別去度假 22. in a few days' time = in a few days =a few days later 幾天後 after 和 in 的區分 23. go off to ; be off to 動身去 leave for; 24. see sb off 給某人送行 meet sb 接某人 25. take a taxi to 乘計程車 go to ...by taxi 26. have a nice / pleasant trip/journey 祝旅途愉快 27. say "Hi" to sb. for me 代我向某人問好 give my regards to sb remember me to sb. 28. The same to you. 我也祝願你。 對比: It's the same with... ...也一樣 It's all the same to sb 對某人而言是一樣的。 I have the same pencil bag as yours/ you have. 29. in the past 在過去 in the old days 30. at present 目前; at the present time; nowadays 31. in the future 在未來;將來 in future 以後 32. used to do sth 過去常做某事 be used to do sth 被用來做 be used for (doing) sth be used to sth/doing sth 習慣於 get used to doing INTEGRATING SKILLS 33. combine…with… 把…和…結合起來 (為了共同目的合並) connect...with/to... 把...和...連接起來 (通過媒介物連接) link...with/to join...to... (直接連接) 34. on (the) one hand… , on the other hand … 一方面…, 另一方面.. 35. so that = in order that 為了…; 以便… 36. learn about 了解; 學習有關…知識 37. as well as =and 也; 又;以及 as well = too 38. by doing sth... 通過作某事 by means of doing 39. make money 掙錢; 賺錢 earn money 40. the four of you 你們四個人 four of you 你們其中的四個人 41. prepare ( sth) for... 為…做准備... get ready for prepare sb for sth 使某人為某事做好准備 be well prepared (for); 為...做好了充分的准備=be ready for make preparations for 為...做准備 42. make notes 做筆記 take notes WORKBOOK 43. take off (飛機)起飛;脫掉(衣帽鞋) 44. go on holiday 去度假 go to (a place) for a holiday INTEGRATING SKILLS 45. fill…with… 給…充滿… be filled with; be full of 充滿了 46. the way (in which/that) + 定語從句 the/a way of doing sth = the/a way to do sth 做某事的方法 47. catch up with 趕上 keep up with 跟上;不落後 48. reach out (for sth) 伸手去(拿,碰) 49. pay attention to 注意 focus one's attention on call /draw/attract one's attention to 吸引某人的注意力於 WRITING 50. give away 贈送, 放棄, 泄漏(機密) give up 放棄 give in (to sb) 屈服 give out 分發;發出(光,熱,氣,味等) give off 發出(光,熱,氣,味等) 51. come up with 提出;想到(主意); Unit 4 必會習語 WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING 1. talk about 談論; 議論 talk with sb; talk of 提到 2. host the 2008 Olympic Games 舉辦2000年奧運會 3. take place = come about; happen 發生 4. be caught in (a rain; a traffic jam; the earthquake) 偶然遇上(雨,交通堵塞,地震等) 5. create a dialogue = make up a dialogue 編對話 6. play tennis 打網球 7. for fun = as a joke 開玩笑的;不是認真的;為了取樂的 8. I hope so. I hope not. 9. shout /call for help 呼救 10. go on (a) holiday 去度假 go to...for a holiday on holiday 在度假 11. on fire 著火 catch fire 著火;set fire to=set...on fire 縱火 make fire 生火 12. I'm afraid of +n. 害怕 I'm afraid that... 擔心 I'm afraid to do sth 不敢做某事 I'm afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 I'm afraid so. 恐怕是這樣 I'm afraid not. 恐怕不會。 THE RESCUE 13. a natural disaster 自然災害 14. hear/see sb. doing sth 聽見/看見某人正在做某事 hear/ see sb do sth 聽見/看見某人做過某事 (五看二聽一感覺) 15. look around 環顧; 四處看 16. advance towards 朝…前進 17. before +從句 還沒來得及... 18. be upon 逼近; 臨近 19. sweep sb down 把...沖到了 20. drag 拖拉(重物);(比較艱難緩慢,有阻力) drag oneself along 拖著沉重的步子走 pull 拉;扯 (應用范圍比較廣) pull a tooth 拔牙 pull the door open 拉開門 pull at 拉扯 pull up 拉起來;拉上來 draw 拉(比較從容、平穩不費力) draw one's attention 吸引注意;draw a conclusion 得出結論 draw back 後退 draw money from bank 從銀行取錢 draw near 就要來臨;逼近 21. get on one's feet (艱難的)站起來 get up; stand up 22. hold on to 抓住 23. pull up 拉起來; 拉上來 24. against the wall 倚著牆 25. fight for 為…而戰 struggle for 為…而斗爭 26. look into 往…裡面看; 瀏覽; 調查 look into one's eyes 注視著某人 stare at; fix one's eyes on; look sb in the mirror 照鏡子 look sb up and down 上下打量某人 20. with a look of fright 害怕的; 恐懼的 21. around the corner 即將來臨,on its way; draw near; in store 22. cut down 砍倒;削減 cut up 切碎 cut off 切斷 cut in 插嘴;加塞 cut out 刪除;剪下來 cut away 剪掉 23. three meters deep 三米深 three metres in depth a three-meter-deep hole = a hole of three meters deep 24. sweep away (風) 吹走; (浪) 捲走; sweep down 吹倒; 席捲; 沖倒 25. work out 計算出;想出(辦法);制定(計劃); work at 從事;致力於 work on 繼續工作;從事於 26. refer to 指的是; 談到;提到;查閱 WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 定語從句:限制性定語從句,非限制性定語從句 27. strike,普通用詞,"打一下;打幾下",不一定有意;"敲鍾"。 hit,"擊中,打,對准",著重敲打或打擊對方的某一點 beat,連續的打擊; 如毆打或體罰等;游戲競賽戰爭中擊敗 knock 敲;打 ;撞擊 27. advance the deadline 提前最後期限; 28.pull at/on 拉一下 29. seize an opportunity/chance 抓住機會 = grasp/take/grab... chance 可能性 U.n. & C.n There is a chance/no chance of sb doing sth that 從句 The chances /chances are that... 可能... by chance 偶然 30. (區分:pay; cost; spend; take) sb pay money for sth sth cost sb money sb spend money on sth; sb spend time/money in doing sth It takes sb time to do sth 31. in town 在城裡 in the country(side) 在鄉下 go to town 進城 go to the country(side) 下鄉 INTEGRATING SKILLS 32.take a photo of sb / sb doing sth 給…照相 33. in a second = in a very shore time 34. a two-day trip 一次兩天的旅行 35. the next morning 第二天早上 WORKBOOK 36. on the morning of April 18th, 1906 37. as a result of 由於…的結果 as a consequence of 34. A +動詞/be + ten times larger than+B 比…大十倍 A +動詞/be +ten times as large as+B 是…的十倍 A +動詞/be +ten times the size of+B 是…的十倍 (number/amount/height/length/depth/width/age) Unit 5 必會習語 SPEAKING 1. while still a student = while she was still a student 還是個學生的時候(狀語從句的省略現象) (you) Don't talk while (you are) eating. When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful. The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible. I won't go to his birthday party unless (I am) invited. 2. play/act a role 扮演角色 play the role of... play a part/role in... 在...中起作用 3. after graating/graation (from...) 畢業以後 4. work as an actress 做演員 5. ring/in the 1980s 二十世紀八十年代 6. win a prize 獲獎 win a game/a battle/honour beat/defeat sb 打敗某人 win sb. 把某人爭取過來 7. get married (to sb); 結婚(瞬間)=marry sb. be married (to sb) 結婚(延續) 7. in the beginning = at first 開始的時候 反義;in the end = at last; finally; eventually 最後 8. make money 賺錢 earn money GETTING TO KNOW STEVEN SPIELBERG 9. make a film /blockbuster/follow-ups 拍電影/巨片/續集 10. The reason……is that….. 原因是… This is because... 這是因為... for this reason ; for some reason; for some reasons the reason for +n./doing sth the reason why/ for which... 定語從句 reason 與 cause 的區別 cause of the fire/accident 11. work on 從事於; 製作 12. take off 起飛;脫掉;很快上升; 開始流行/暢銷 13. by the sea 在海邊; by sea 乘船; in the sea 在海里 on the sea 在海面上 at sea 在海上;航海中;茫然 14. be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid that 擔心;恐怕 15. come from outer space 來自外部空間 16. cut/tear…into pieces 把…切/撕成碎片 cut/tear ... into halves 把...切/撕成兩半 17. do research (in/into...) 搞研究 18. go wrong 出錯;出故障;走錯道 do a little wrong 19. in the end 最後;終於 at the end of在…末尾/盡頭 by the end of 到…末為止 19. meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龍 20. owe sth to sb. = owe sb sth 把…歸功於;感謝;欠(債) WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR 21. can't help doing sth 情不自禁, 忍不住做某事 can't help do sth 不能幫忙做某事 22. pass the exam 考試及格 fail (in) the exam 考試不及格 NOT ONE LESS 23. a thirteen-year-old girl 十三歲小姑娘 a girl of thirteen years old; a girl of thirteen years of age; a girl aged thirteen 24. stay/be away for a month 離開一個月 25. take one's place; take the place of 代替 26. lock …up 把…鎖起來 27. run after 追趕; 追求; 追捕 be after 28. escape (from)... 從...逃離 escape from / flee (from) /run away from a country escape doing sth ; escape being caught 沒有被抓住 catch sb doing sth; be caught doing sth

Ⅲ 高中英語語法知識點短語

不二選擇，推薦奧風英語的「「高 考語 法三 劍 客」，包括《高考語法完 全突破》視頻教回程，大綱答和練習，學記練三件配套使用，效果特佳，網路《 高 考語法完全 突破 》 即可在線收看，可以 先 搜來 看下。

Ⅳ 求高一上學期的英語短語和語法大全（不要百度文庫的）

有難度，真的，高一上短語多語法難

Ⅳ 高一英語各單元語法，短語總結

把人間萬事去掉

Ⅵ 求英語高手 高一所有英語語法歸納和短語！跪求

我整理了的，不要你什麼財富值，希望你採納，並弄為最佳答案，我做任務，謝謝！