① 初一年級英語常用的語法，概括下
①
you，your，yours.第一個是你、你的，最後一個是你的東西的意思.
②
am
,is
,are
③
她、他、內它、這個、那個容後面加Is。
④
is是用於單數的名詞are是用於復數的名詞
⑤
my
book
is
here
where
is
yours我的書在這里。你的呢？
⑥
my
book
is
here
,
where
is
your
book?
==
my
book
is
here
,where
is
yours
?
⑦
yours
其實是相當與名詞來用，your是相當於形容詞來用，就像他們的名字一樣，形容詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞。
⑧
只有形容詞性物主代詞後面要加名詞，名詞性物主代詞就不加名詞了，可以直接當做名詞來用。
⑨
賓格一般用在動詞後面、主格一般都用在句首。
② 初一英語下冊語法
enjoy doing sth 享受或喜歡做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
It`s+adj +to do sth . 做......是.....的
try doing 試著做某事
ask sb.to do 叫某人做某事
forget doing 忘記已經做過的事
forget to do 忘記要做某事
remember to do 記得要做某事(還沒做過)
remember doing 記得做過的事
let sb do 讓某人做某事
make sb do 使某人做某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事(習慣上的)
start to do sth 開始做某事
start doing sth 開始做某事
finish doing sth 完成....
(一般現在時態）be doing 正在做...
would like to do (表示意願)
spend......(in) doing sth 花費....做...
look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
want to do sth 想要做某事
decide to do sth 決定...
It takes sb sometime to do sth 花費某人多少時間做...
be going to do sth/will do（一般將來時態）將要做某事
Thank for doing sth 感謝做某事
初一語法真的不重要哇，單詞背背就ok了，別的要看你自己的造化了。
③ 初一英語語法知識
一、初一英語語法--詞法
1、名詞
A）、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞，而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式，但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分，復數的構成如下：
一）在後面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas
二）x,sh,ch,s,tch後加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes
三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,ty-ties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories
2）以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways
四）以o結尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿,potatoes馬鈴薯
五）以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves
六）單復數相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese
七）一般只有復數，沒有單數的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks
八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數也可以是復數的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學,family家，家庭成員
九）合成的復數一般只加主要名詞，多數為後一個單詞。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers
十）有的單復數意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類,paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文,work工作works作品，工廠,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數,chicken雞肉chickens小雞
十一）單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或's。如：Is(I's),Ks(K's)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs
十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen
2、代詞
項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞
人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性
第一人稱單數Imemyminemyself
復數weusouroursourselves
第二人稱單數youyouyouryoursyourself
復數youyouyouryoursyourselves
第三人稱單數sheherherhersherself
hehimhishishimself
itititsitsthisthatitself
復數
3、動詞
A）第三人稱單數
當動詞是第三人稱單數時，動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s，如下：
一）一般在詞後加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains
二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch後加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes
三）1）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries
2）以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys
四）以o結尾加es。如：does,goes
五）特殊的有：are-is,have-has
B）現在分詞
當我們說某人正在做什麼事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構成如下：
一）一般在後加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing
二）以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having
三）以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show-showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning
四）以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位於
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下：
一）一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter-shortest,taller-tallest,longer-longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest
二）以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewerfewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest
三）以輔音字母＋y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busier busiest,easy-easier easiest
四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠)
good/well-better bestmany/much-more mostbad/ill-worse worst
little-less leastold-older/elderoldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、數詞(基變序，有規則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它後接th；y結尾，變為i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth
二、初一英語語法--句式
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句a)This is a book.(be動詞)
b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)
c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)
d)I can bring some things to school.(情態動詞)
e)There's a computer on my desk.(Therebe結構)
否定陳述句a)These aren't their books.b)They don't look nice.
c)Kate doesn't go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can't find her doll.
e)There isn't a cat here.(=There's no cat here.)
2.祈使句
肯定祈使句a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let's learn English!
c)Come in,please.
否定祈使句a)Don't be late.b)Don't hurry.
3.疑問句
1)一般疑問句a)Is Jim a student?b)Can I help you?c)Does she like salad?
d)Do they watch TV?e)Is she reading?
肯定回答:a)Yes,he is.b)Yes,you can.c)Yes,she does.d)Yes,they do.e)Yes,she is.
否定回答:a)No,he isn't.b)No,you can't.c)No,she doesn't.d)No,they don't.e)No,she isn't.
2)選擇疑問句Is the table big or small?回答It's big./It's small.
3)特殊疑問句
①問年齡How old is Lucy?She is twelve.
②問種類What kind of movies do you like?I like action movies and comedies.
③問身體狀況How is your uncle?He is well/fine.
④問方式How do/can you spell it?L-double O-K.
How do we contact you?My e-mail address is [email protected].
⑤問原因Why do you want to join the club?
⑥問時間What's the time?(=What time is it?)It's a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up,Rick?At five o'clock.
When do you want to go?Let's go at 7:00.
⑦問地方Where's my back pack?It's under the table.
⑧問顏色What color are they?They are light blue.
What's your favourite color?It's black.
⑨問人物Who's that?It's my sister.
Who is the boy in blue?My brother.
Who isn't at school?Peter and Emma.
WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?
⑩問東西What's this/that (inEnglish)?It's a pencilcase.
What else can you see in the picture?I can see some broccoli,strawberries and hamburgers.
11問姓名What's your aunt's name?Her name is Helen./She's Helen.
What's your first name?My first name's Ben.
What's your family name?My family name's Smith.
12問哪一個Which do you like?I like one in the box.
13問字母What letter is it?It's bigD/small f.
14問價格How much are these pants?They're 15 dollars.
15問電話號碼What's your phone number?It's 576-8349.
16問謂語(動作)What's he doing?He's watching TV.
17問職業(身份)What do you do?I'm a teacher.
What's your father?He's a doctor.
④ 初一（上、下學期）全部英語語法
1. 形容詞的用法：
形容詞用以修飾名詞，表示人或事物的特徵。在句中可以作定語、表語，用於限定被修飾語的特徵，如長短、大小、重量、顏色、高矮、胖瘦、新舊等，。
The little girl is very pretty. 這個小女孩很好看。
--I want that one. 我想要那個。
--Which one? 哪一個?
--The new blue one. 那個藍色新的。
Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那個大的漂亮的嗎?
2、人稱代詞：
是用來表示人的代詞，有單數和負數之分，有主格和賓格之分。人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語;人稱代詞的賓格在句中作賓語，是作動詞或介詞的賓語。
主格：I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主語
賓格：me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作賓語
He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一個班級。
Can you see them in the street? 你能看見他們在街上嗎?
3、可數名詞和不可數名詞
英語中名詞分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。凡是可數計數的名詞叫做可數名詞;凡是不可以計數的名詞叫做不可數名詞。
(1)可數名詞分為單數和復數兩種形式。可數名詞前可以用不定冠詞、數詞或some many等修飾。如：a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens
(2)不可數名詞沒有復數形式，前面不能用不定冠詞、數詞或many等詞語修飾，但可以用some a little much等詞語來修飾。有時可以與一些量詞短語搭配，這些量詞短語中的名詞一般是可數的，有單數形式，也可以有復數形式。如：some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water
4、祈使句
祈使句用來表示請求、命令等，句中沒有主語，肯定形式由謂語或者謂語+賓語(+賓語補足語)構成，否定形式則在句前加Don』t.
Stand up, please. 請起立。
Don』t worry. 別擔心。
can的用法：
can是情態動詞，表示「能，會，可以，被允許等」，其後接動詞原形，否定形式為cannot，可縮寫為can』t.
She can speak Japanese. 她會講日語。
I can』t remember his name. 我不記得他的名字了。
Can you spell your name? 你會拼寫你的名字嗎?
5、現在進行時態：
概念：表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作，也可以表示目前一段時間內或現階段正在進行的活動。
結構：由be動詞(am, is, are) + 動詞ing構成，其中be動詞要與主語保持性數一致。
Mary is flying a kite in the park. 瑪麗正在公園里放風箏。
--What are you doing now? 你現在在干什麼?
--I』m reading English. 我正在讀英語。
Are they drawing the pictures now? 他們正在畫畫嗎?
動詞現在分詞是動詞原形變化而來的，規則變化如下：
動詞ing形式叫動詞現在分詞，其構成如下：
1) 直接在動詞後加ing
play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing
2) 以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞，先去e，再加ing
make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking
3) 以重讀閉音節結尾的動詞且詞尾只有一個輔音字母，應雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ing
run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming
注意對現在進行時態的判斷。判斷一個英語句子用什麼時態，主要看句子的時間狀語，一般說來，每種時態都有與之相對應的時間狀語。現在進行時表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作。因此，這個時態最常用的時間狀語是now;但有不少句子並沒有now，只能通過提示語如look、listen等或者通過上下文來確定用現在進行時。
She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打掃房間。
Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那個女孩在那裡跳舞。
--Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我們一起做游戲嗎?
--Can』t you see I am doing my homework? 你沒看見我正在做作業嗎?
6、have/ has的用法：
1) 謂語動詞have表示「有」，有兩種形式：have和has，前者用於第一人稱(I, we)，第二人稱(you)和第三人稱復數(they)，後者用於第三人稱單數(he, she, it)或單數名詞。
I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一個蘋果，他有兩個香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你們有了一個新的英語老師。
It has two big eyes. 它有一雙大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和傑克有一輛好看的車。
2) have/has句型與there be句型的比較：兩者都表示「有」，但用法不同。前者表示所屬關系，即表示「某人或某物有什麼」，而後者表示存在，表示「某地有什麼」。
They have some new books. 他們有一些新書。
There are some new books on their desks. 他們桌子上有一些新書。
She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店裡有很多漂亮的裙子。
3) have/ has的否定句，一般要加助動詞do/ does，再加not構成，即do not have (don』t have)/ does not have (doesn』t have)
. She does not have a sister. 她沒有姐姐。
We don』t have any classes on Saturday. 我們星期六沒有課。
Ann and I don』t have a big room. 我和安沒有一個大房間。
4) 一般疑問句由「助動詞Do/ Does + 主語 + have + 賓語」構成，回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don』t/ doesn』t.
--Do you have a big house? 他們的房子大嗎?
--No, they don』t. 不，他們的房子不大。
--Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮嗎?
--Yes, he does. 他有的。
5) 特殊疑問句由特殊疑問詞 + 助動詞do/ does + have (+狀語)構成。
What do they have? 他們有什麼?
What does he have? 他有什麼?
How many telephones do they have? 他們有幾部電話?
7、介詞用法：
1) 具體時間前介詞用at。
. He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七點半起床。
She goes to bed at eleven o』clock. 她十一點睡覺。
2) 表示「在早上，在下午，在晚上」的短語中用介詞in，且定冠詞the不能省略;表示「在中午，在夜裡」的短語中介詞用at，不加冠詞。
in the morning在早上，in the afternoon 在下午，in the evening 在晚上
at noon在中午，at night在夜裡
3) 表示「在某天」、「在某天的上午、下午等」的短語用介詞on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什麼?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有時你星期五晚上出去吃飯嗎?
He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。
Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日，家長們帶著孩子去公園。
4) 在this, last, next, every等詞前面既不加介詞，也不用冠詞。
What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什麼?
He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每個星期五都去看望祖母。
She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下個星期一去上海。
8、一般現在時
一般現在時表示經常性或習慣性的動作，或表示現在的特徵或狀態。
其動詞形式是：動詞原形(只有第三人稱單數作主語時除外，要加-s)其疑問句和否定句需要用助動詞do或does
1) 肯定句用行為動詞原形表示
They get up very early every morning. 他們每天早晨起來很早。
I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一個月去看望祖父母四次。
2) 否定句用don』t + 動詞原形來表示
We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我們周日不去購物。
I don』t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜歡這個顏色。
3) 一般疑問句則是把助動詞do提前至句首，後面動詞用原形。回答時，肯定用 「Yes, 主語+do」;否定句用 「No, 主語+don』t」。
–Do they go to school at seven o』clock? 他們七點去上學嗎?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? 你喜歡這條裙子嗎?
--No, I don』t. 不，我不喜歡。
一般現在時用來表示經常的或習慣性的動作，常與以下的時間狀語連用：often 經常，always 總是，sometimes 有時，usually 通常，every day/ week 每天/ 周等。
He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他騎車上學。
I visit my grandparents every week. 我每個星期都去看祖父母。
She is always late for class. 她總是上課遲到。
My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有時出去吃飯。
It often rains here. 這兒常常下雨。
主語為第三人稱單數時的一般現在時
一般現在時態，當主語為第三人稱單數時，謂語動詞也要是第三人稱單數，後要加-s或-es。
He likes reading at night. 他喜歡夜裡讀書。
She usually goes to school by bike. 她平時騎車上學。
The little cat drinks milk every day. 小貓每天都喝牛奶。
轉換成否定句要加doesn』t，其後的動詞用原形。
Kelly doesn』t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凱麗星期六星期天起床不早。
He doesn』t feel well today. 他今天感覺不舒服。
轉換成一般疑問句，句首用Does，其後的動詞用原形。
Does he have lunch at school? 他在學校吃午飯嗎?
Does it take long by train? 乘火車要很長時間嗎?
⑤ 初一下英語知識點歸納。
不知道你有沒有耐心看完，加油吧！
一．短語
1.go on vacation go to summer camp stay at home
study for exams Central Park show sth to sb
.help him find his father walk back to… go shopping
the Palace Museum think of have fun doing sth
.bus trip the Great Wall Tian』an Men Square
.a Beijing Hutong make sb do sth
.decide to do sth all day
二．重點句子和注意事項
1．Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.
Where did they go on vacation? They went to New York City.
Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.
Where did she go on vacation? She visited her uncle.
2． Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?
Yes, I/he/she/they did.
No, I/he/she/they didn』t.
3． How were the movies? They were fantastic
4． have fun doing something 干某事有樂趣
＝ enjoy oneself doing something
We have fun learning and speaking English .
We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .
我們學英語有很多樂趣 ．
5． find sb. doing sth. 發現某人在干某事 find sb. do sth. 發現某人干過某事
I find him reading the novel (小說）.
I found him go into the room .
6． corner 角落，角，拐角處
in the corner 在角落裡（指在建築物裡面）
at the corner 在拐角處（指在建築物外面或道路的拐角）
My bike is at the corner .
7． be lost 迷路了＝get lost , lost (adj.)
The girl was lost in the big city .
8． help sb. (to) do sth.＝help sb for sth 幫助某人干某事
He always helps us learn English
9. make sb. do sth. 讓／使某人干某事 let / have sb. do sth. do前不帶to
The movie makes me relaxing .
Let the boy do his homework alone .
10. feel+ adj. 感到．．．
I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited
11. decide to do sth. 決定干某事
They decided to go to Hainan on vacation .
Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?
一． 片語
1．. TV shows（電視節目）
soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentary a thriller cartoon Beijing Opera
Animal World Tell it like it is Law Today game show
CCTV News News in 30 Minutes Man and Nature
Chinese Cooking Around China talk show Lucky52
Sports news sports show Culture China
2． write an article for the school magazine.給學校雜志寫一篇文章
3． a thirteen - year - old boy.一個十三歲的男孩
4． wear colorful clothes.穿著顏色鮮艷的衣服
5． interview sb. 采訪某人 in fact. 實際上
6. wear scarves. 戴著圍巾 think of 想起，考慮到
二．重點句型
1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.
2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.
3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't like it.
4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.
5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.
三．重難點解析
1. wear (v. 動詞) "穿，戴，佩"。根據不同賓語，翻譯不同的漢語意思。
wear earrings 戴耳環 wear a dress 穿連衣裙wear a watch 戴手錶
wear a beard 蓄鬍子wear long hair 留長發
2. think "想，考慮，思索"（v. 動詞）可以和許多介詞搭配，組成新的意思。
A：think of "考慮"；"有...的看法"，有時等於think about.
What does he think of Beijing Opera?他對京劇有什麼看法？
My mother always thinks of everything!我媽媽總是想到所有的東西。
think highly of sb. /sth. 對某人或某物評價甚高
Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布萊克先生對他兒子評價甚高。
B：think about "考慮"（指計劃，觀念，看它是否相宜、可行）
He is thinking about going to China.他正在考慮去中國。
3. too與either的區別
too"也"，表示肯定意義，與肯定的表達方法連用；而either"也不"，表示否定意義，與否定的表達方法連用。
（1）—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜歡踢足球。—I do, too.我也是（喜歡）。
（2）—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜歡踢足球。—I don't, either.
我也不喜歡。
also也可以表示"也"，但一般情況下，too和either放在句子之後，also放在動詞之前。
We also love talk shows.我們也喜歡訪談節目。
4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一個十三歲的男孩
此結構中，year用單數形式，且用連字元，這種結構用作定語。
a five - month - old baby 一個五個月大的嬰兒
5. enjoy (v. 喜愛，享受)
enjoy後面接名詞、代詞或動名詞，注意與like/ love用法的區別。like/ love還可以接動詞不定式（to do）。
I enjoy the soap operas.我喜愛肥皂劇。
I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜愛看肥皂劇。
但我們不能說：I enjoy to watch the soap operas.
只能說：I like / love to watch the soap operas.
6. mind 表示"介意，反對"的意思時，通常用在疑問句、否定句中。
Would you mind opening the window?請你打開窗子好不好？
He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一點都不在乎寒冷的天氣。
多用於以下句型：（表示請求或徵求意見）後接動名詞/名詞/代詞。
Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?
7. stand 表示忍受（多用於否定句、疑問句）
He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎熱的天氣。
Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼嗎？
9. What do you think of ...? 你認為...怎麼樣？（談論對某事物的喜好程度）可選擇的回答有：
（1）I like it.
（2）I don't mind it.
（3）I don't like it.
（4）I can't stand it.
（5）I like it very much.
（6）I love it.
（7）It's beautiful.
（8）They're fantastic
Unit 12 Don't eat in class.
一．短語．
1. in class 在課上 2. on school nights 在上學的晚上 3. school rules 校規
4. no talking 禁止交談 5. listen to music 聽音樂 6. have to 不得不
7. take my dog for a walk 帶狗去散步 8. eat outside 在外面吃飯9. in the hallway 在走廊上 10. wear a uniform 穿制服 11. arrive late for class 上學遲到 12. after school 放學後 17. be in bed 在床上 13. practice the guitar 練習彈吉它 14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友見面 16. by ten o'clock.十點之前 18. the Children's Palace 少年宮 19. help my mom make dinner 幫助我媽做飯
二．重點句型
1.Don』t arrive late for school＝Don』t be late for school
2.Don』t fight ＝
3.Don』t listen to music in the classroom.
4.Don』t run in the hallways
5.Don』t smoke .It』s bad for your health.
6.Don』t play cards in school
7.Don』t talk in class
8.Don』t watch TV on school nights.
9.Don』t sleep in class.
10.Don』t play sports in the classrooms.
11.Don』t sing songs at night.
12.Don』t talk when you eat.
13.Don』t wear hats in class.
14.Do homework by 10:00.
15.Clean your house!
16.Make the bed.
17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can . No, we can』t.
Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?
No, we can』t. We can』t arrive late for class.
18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don』t.
三． 重難點解析：
1. 情態動詞have to 的用法，意思是"必須、不得不"，它側重於客觀上的必要和外界的權威。（1）結構：主語＋have to＋動詞原形＋其他
（一般現在時，主語是第三人稱單數時，用has to；句子是過去時，用had to.）如： We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在體育課上，我們必須穿運動鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 湯姆每天必須練習彈吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5點起床。
（2）否定形式：主語＋don't have to＋動詞原形＋其他
（一般現在時，主語是第三人稱單數時，用doesn't have to. 句子是過去時，用didn't have to）
如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我們不必馬上完成作業。
（3）疑問句：Do （Does或Did）＋主語＋have to ＋動詞原形＋其他
如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必須呆在家裡嗎？Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
是的，我必須。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11點前上床睡覺嗎？
2. 情態動詞can的用法
（1）表示能力，"會""能"（在第一冊中已經學習這種用法）
Can you play the guitar? 你會彈吉它嗎？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂會說一點中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。
（2）表示允許、許可，"可以"、"能"（在這一課中新學的詞義）
Can the students run in the hallways? 學生們可以在走廊上跑嗎？We can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。Can I come in? 我能進來嗎？
注意 同樣是情態動詞，can 和have to 的用法是有區別的，和大部分情態動詞一樣，can在否定句中，直接在can後加上not，在疑問句中，把can放到主語前面，並且沒有人稱和數的變化。
3. hear，listen和sound都有"聽"的意思，但三者是有區別的。
（1）hear"聽說"，側重於"聽"的內容
I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了，我很難過。
I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。
（2）listen"聽"側重於"聽"這一動作。Listen to me carefully. 認真聽我說。
The children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽音樂。
（3）sound"聽起來"，它是系動詞，後面接形容詞等。That sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯。
It sounds like fun. 聽起來挺有趣。
4. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之間不能用冠詞，bed也不用復數。
He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大衛每晚必須很早睡覺。
5. arrive late for 與be late for 意思相近，"遲到"Don't arrive （be）late for school. 上學別遲到。I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天開會遲到了。
6. No talking ! "禁止交談！"no後面加上名詞或動名詞（doing）也表示不要做某事。與don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放濕雨傘！
No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物！No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸煙！
7．語法（祈使句）
祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、叮囑、號召或者勸告等的句子，這類句子的主語常是第二人稱you，也就是聽話者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的開頭是動詞原形。
如：Look out! 小心！Wait here for me! 在這等我！
Be sure to come here on time! 務必准時來到這里！
祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常縮寫成don't）開頭，再加上動詞原形。
Don't arrive late for school. 上學別遲到。
Don't fight! 別打架！
Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。
⑥ 初中七年級英語語法總結歸納
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類：英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一．短語：
1 ．be from = come from 來自於----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信；寫信給某人
5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6．pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7．the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8．speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9．go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二．重點句式：
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本單元的國家，人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一． Asking ways: (問路)
1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪裡？
2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告訴我去……的路嗎？
3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎樣到達……呢？
4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎？
5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪條是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。（You』d better+動詞原形）
三．片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……（內）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……（街道） down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初，一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心，過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18．on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重難點解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣，喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止，我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy，都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
（從句即是一個小句子，這個小句子又放在大句子中，從屬於大句子，所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句，它又放在I hope 的後面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢，我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話，你可以在超市買一些食物。
四．本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一．重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8．He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10．Let』s see the pandas first.
11．They』re kind of interesting.
12．What other animals do you like?
13．Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如：各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞，首字母都應該大寫，而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式，常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法，and通常用於連接主語或賓語，連接主語時，
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後，如：
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為：leaves, 類似的變化還有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時；點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」， 即：an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，為不可數名詞，表示「許多」時，使用much來修
飾，即：much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草，為不可數名詞，表示「許多」時，使用much來修飾，即：much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭，對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況：
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如：
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒？
How are you? 你好嗎？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如：
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日？
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師？
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他？也是特殊疑問句，它是一種省略結構。
例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣？
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一．短語：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二．重點句式及注意事項：
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what；有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三． 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----
⑦ 七年級下冊英語語法
七年級英語下冊語法總結
一、一般現在時
1. 構成：主語+動詞+其他
2. 標志詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, 等頻率副詞。 3. 否定句：1)當動詞是 be, can, may, must, should等在其後加not
e.g. I can』t play football.
2)當是實義動詞時加助動詞don』t/doesn』t後跟動詞原形 e.g. I don』t like football. She doesn』t like football.
4. 疑問句：1)當動詞是 be, can, may, must, should等將其提前
e.g. Can you swim?
2)當是實義動詞時將助動詞do/does 放在前面，後跟主語和動詞原形。 e.g. Does she like football?
5. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 e.g When does she usually get up in the morning? 二、現在進行時
1. 構成：主語+be+doing+其他 2. 動詞→動詞-ing變化規律：
1）一般情況下直接加-ing, eg. Working
2）以不發音e結尾的去e加-ing, eg. Taking
3）以輔音字母+母音字母+輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節，雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ing, eg. Stopping 4）特殊變化, lie—lying
3. 標志詞：look, listen, now, at the moment, it』s…o』clock… 4. 否定句：be動詞後加not
e.g. She is not listening to music. 5. 疑問句：將be動詞提前
e.g . Is she listening to music?
6. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 e.g What is she doing now? 三、將來時
1. 構成：主語+be going to+動詞原形 主語＋will＋動詞原形
2. 標志詞：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表示將來的時間 3. 否定句：be動詞後加not；will後加not
e.g. He is not going to have a piano lesson this weekend. He will not have a piano lesson this weekend. 4. 疑問句：將be動詞提前；將will提前
e.g. Is he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? Will he going to have a piano lesson this weekend?
5. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 What are you going to do tomorrow?\ What will you do tomorrow? 四、過去時
1. 構成：主語+動詞過去時+其他
2. 標志詞：yesterday, just now, …ago, this morning, when I was young,last…等 3. 動詞→動詞過去式變化規律：
1）一般動詞結尾加-ed, e.g. Walk--walked 2）以字母e結尾的動詞加- d, e.g. Live--lived
3）以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i加-ed, e.g. Hurry—hurried
4）以輔音字母+母音字母+輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節，雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ed, eg. Stop –stopped 特殊變化詳見課本P172
4. 否定句：1）動詞be過去式後直接加not
e.g. I was not in Cheng last year.
2) 當是實義動詞時，加助動詞didn』t後跟動詞原形
5．There will be a basketball match tomorrow, won』t
there?
★ 值得注意的是有時英語的謂語動詞並不用否定式（即沒加上not），而是用上了―never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody‖等表否定意義的詞，後半部分應用肯定疑問式。 ① You have never been to Beijing, have you? ② Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? ③ There is little milk in the bottle, is there? ④ He could do nothing, could he? 練習：
完成下列反意疑問句：
1. Mary listened to pop music,______ ______? 2. He has never been to Shanghai_____ _____? 3.He has few friends at school,______ _______? 4.The music sounds beautiful,_______ _______? 5.You can』t dance to jazz,______ _____? 6.They weren』t at the concert,______ _______? 7.Let』s stop writing,_______ _______? 8.Don』t be late,_______ ________? 五、動詞不定式
動詞不定式是初中英語的語法重點之一，也是每年中考英語試題的考點之一。它是動詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數的變化，不能單獨作句子的謂語。其構成形式為＂to+動詞原形＂，to為動詞不定式的符號，本身無意義。動詞不定式具有兩大特點：
1.具有動詞的特點，因此，後面可以跟表語、賓語或狀語，構成動詞不定式短語。
2.具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點，可以在句子中用作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、狀語、定語、表語及同位語等。 （一）、動詞不定式作主語
( ) 1. It's hard for us ______English well.
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning
( )2. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup. A. for， of B. of， for
C. to， for D. of， to
［簡析］動詞不定式作主語時，可以直接放在謂語動詞前面的主語位置，也可以用先行詞it作形式主語，而將真正的主語(不定式)置於後面。常見的句式有：(1)It is +形容詞(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +形容詞(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +名詞短語(for sb)to do sth.
句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質；句式(2)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容詞，與介詞for搭配，表示不定式表示的動作、行為的性質。 （二）、動詞不定式作賓語 ( )1. He wants ______ some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys
( )2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking ( )3. He found it very difficult ______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep
［簡析］在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等動詞後面，可以接不定式作賓語。如果其後接形容詞補足語時，則可以用it作形式賓語，而把作真正賓語的不定式放到後面。
（三）、動詞不定式作賓語補足語
( )1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with
B. C. to help with D. helps him with
( )2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked
［簡析］不定式可以用作賓語補足語。後面可以接不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow 等。
（四）、動詞不定式作狀語 ( )1. She went ______ her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing
( )2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
［簡析］go， come， try， do / try one's best等動詞或短語動詞作謂語時，其後常常可以接不定式作目的狀語。 ( )3. I'm sorry ______ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear ( )4. I'm sorry ______ you.
A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled
( )5. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
［簡析］＂be +形容詞+ to do sth＂結構中的不定式作狀語，常表示原因或方式。 （五）、動詞不定式作定語 ( )1. Would you like something ______? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks ( )2. I have a lot of homework ______. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ( )3. He is not an easy man ______. A. get on B. to get on
C. get on with D. to get on with
［簡析］不定式作定語時，常放在被修飾的詞語之後，與被修飾的詞語為邏輯上的主謂關系或動賓關系；如果不定式的動詞是不及物動詞，其後要加上必要的介詞或副詞，構成的短語動詞相當於及物動詞。 （六）、不帶to的動詞不定式 ( )1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
( )2. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired. A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
( )3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up
［簡析］1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官動詞和make， have， let等使役動詞後面作賓語補足語的不定式不帶to.
2.在＂had better＂後面接不帶to的不定式。 （七）、動詞不定式的否定形式
( )1. The old man told the child ______ noisy.
A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not
( )2. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late. A. have， not to be B. have， not be
C. be， not to be D. be， not be
［簡析］動詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號to的前面加上not，如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動詞原形前面加上not.
（八）、某些動詞後面接不定式和接動詞-ing形式的區別 ( )1. Please stop ______ a rest if you feel tired. A. to have B. having C. have D. has
( )2. ——Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home?
——Sorry, I forgot ______ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took ( )3. ——Let's have a rest, shall we?
——Not now, I can't stop ______ the letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ______ (walk). 六、雙賓語用法要點
此結構由主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（事物）組成。如， He brings me cookies every day.
She made me a beautiful dress. 但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），後說間接賓語（人），則要藉助於介詞to或for,如， He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.
用to側重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。 用for側重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。
常跟雙賓語的動詞有：
（需藉助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, return, send, show, teach,等。
（需藉助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, get, make, sing,等。
⑧ 初一(下)英語語法,短語,句型總結
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類：英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一．短語：
1 ．be from = come from 來自於----
2． live in 居住在---
3． on weekends 在周末
4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信；寫信給某人
5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6．pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7．the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8．speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9．go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二．重點句式：
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三．本單元的國家，人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一． Asking ways: (問路)
1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪裡？
2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告訴我去……的路嗎？
3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎樣到達……呢？
4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎？
5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪條是去……的路？
二．Showing the ways: （指路）
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。（You』d better+動詞原形）
三．片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……（內）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……（街道） down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初，一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心，過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17．go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18．on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三．重難點解析
1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣，喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止，我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy，都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
（從句即是一個小句子，這個小句子又放在大句子中，從屬於大句子，所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句，它又放在I hope 的後面，形成句中有句。）
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢，我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話，你可以在超市買一些食物。
四．本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一．重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8．He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10．Let』s see the pandas first.
11．They』re kind of interesting.
12．What other animals do you like?
13．Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點，稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如：各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞，首字母都應該大寫，而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式，常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法，and通常用於連接主語或賓語，連接主語時，
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後，如：
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為：leaves, 類似的變化還有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時；點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」， 即：an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，為不可數名詞，表示「許多」時，使用much來修
飾，即：much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草，為不可數名詞，表示「許多」時，使用much來修飾，即：much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭，對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況：
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如：
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少？
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰？
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節？
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴？
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒？
How are you? 你好嗎？
How old are you? 你多大了？
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹？
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如：
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日？
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師？
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他？也是特殊疑問句，它是一種省略結構。
例如：
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢？
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣？
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一．短語：
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二．重點句式及注意事項：
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what；有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三． 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves