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英語九年級下冊11單元語法

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① 八年級下冊英語 go for it 1-3單元 語法知識點

Unit 1 重點知識講解
by doing, 通過…方式,I learn English by speaking it every day.;
在。。。旁邊,by the lake; 乘車,by bus; 到。。。時候(過完時),by the time
frustrate v. 使......沮喪;使......受挫 ( frustrate sb)
類似還有:surprise sb, interest sb, terrify sb, frighten sb, shock sb
frustrating adj. 令人灰心的;令人沮喪的(-ing強調令人。。。),
如:Watching movies to learn English is frustrating because the people speak too quickly. 通過看電影來學英語是讓人灰心的,因為劇中人物說話太快了。
frustrated adj. 灰心的;沮喪的(-ed 強調人自己感覺。。。)
如:I felt frustrated at that time. 那時,我覺得很沮喪。
類似的還有: interesting/interested; disappointing/disappointed; exciting/excited; boring/ bored; surprising/surprised; terrifying/ terrified; thrilling/thrilled; frightening/ frightened
2. adj + ly= adv.
.如 differently adv. 「不同地,有區別地」 quick(adj.)— quickly(adv) 動作迅速
e.g. Wei Ming feels differently. different adj. be different from….(與…不同)
e.g. Cars are different from buses . difference (可數名詞) e.g. There are some differences between cars and buses.

3. 區別:quick(adj.)— quickly(adv) 動作迅速 fast (形,副) 運動速度快; soon 馬上 (時間快)

4. add v. ① 「加」 e.g. Add three to six, and you get nine. 3+6=9。
② 「補充說」 e.g. 「I』m coming.」 Lucy added.
5. mistake 可數名詞,錯誤,失誤」, make a mistake 或make mistakes
e.g. It is easy to make a mistake. 犯錯誤是很容易的。
I made the mistake of giving him my address. 我真不該把我的地址給他。
I』m sorry. I took your pen by mistake. 對不起,我錯拿了你的鋼筆。
mistake 還可以用作動詞,意為「弄錯;誤以為;誤會」。
e.g. I mistook his meaning. 我誤解了他的意思。
We often mistake her for her twin sister.我們常常誤以為她是她的雙胞胎姐姐。

6. unless=if…not 「除非, 如果不…」, 引導條件狀語從句。
e.g. Don』t come unless I call you. = Don』t come if I don』t call you. 如果我不給你打電話,不要來。

短語
1.. the best ways to learn English. 學習英語的最好方法
= the best ways of learning English
2. keep a diary 記日記,寫日記 也可以用 write a diary。
3. speaking skills 說的能力;口語能力
speaking是動名詞做定語,注意:動名詞作定語常表示功能,
writing table=the table is used for writing 寫字台
smoking room=the room is used for smoking 吸煙區
4. look up… in a dictionary 查字典
e.g. If you meet new words that you don』t know, you can look them up in a dictionary. 如果你遇到你不認識的生詞,你可以在字典中查詢。
5. not ...at all 根本不,全然不, not經常可以和助動詞結合在一起,at all 則放在句尾。
eg. My brother did not like the scarf at all. 我哥哥根本不喜歡那個圍巾。
6. end up doing sth 終止做某事,相當於finish doing sth.
When we practice speaking English, we often end up speaking in Chinese.
當我們練習說英語時,我們經常以說漢語結束。
另外,end up with sth 以…結束
The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。
7. get the pronunciation right 使發音準確
get…right 使……正確, get 在這里是「使變成……狀態」的意思。
8. to begin with = to start with=first of all 用於敘述原因,置於句首。如:
I can』t come. To begin with, I don』t feel very well, besides I don』t have enough money. 我不能去。首先,我感覺不好,除此以外,我也沒有錢。
9. later on 「後來,以後」 e.g. I』ll be seeing you later on. 我以後會見到你。no later than 「不遲於…」; sooner or later 「遲早」
11. have trouble doing 做某事有困難
=have problem(s) doing=have difficulty doing
13. deal with (← how ) = do with(what)「處理,對付」
e.g. How shall we deal with the thief? = What are we going to do with the thief? 我們怎樣處理這個小偷?That』s a deal ! = It』s a deal. 成交了. (deal n.)
14. have disagreements 有分歧,disagreement是agreement 的反義詞,
reach/ come to an agreement 達成一致
16. regard…as…=consider…as,把……看作,當做
We regard our teacher as our friend. 我們把老師看作是我們的朋友。
17. complain to sb. about/of sth. 向某人抱怨某事,如:
She complained to me about his bad manners. 她向我抱怨他的不禮貌。

18. change…into…= turn … into 把……變成……
change water into ice 把水變成冰
19. impress sb with sth =sb be impressed by sth 某人對…印象深刻
My teacher impressed me with her good pronunciation. =
I was impressed by my teacher』s good pronunciation.

Unit 2
一、知識點
1. used to 過去常常做某事,暗指現在已經不存在的動作或狀態. 後跟動詞原形. used to do sth.
There used to be ….(反意疑問句)didn』t there?
否定形式為: didn』t use to 或 usedn』t to
疑問形式為: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
be/get used to doing sth.習慣於, to 為介詞.
2. wear 表示狀態. =be in +顏色的詞;put on 表示動作.
dress + 人 給某人穿衣服dress sb. / oneself
get dressed, 穿好衣服
3. on the swim team on 是…的成員,.
7. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 錯過, 未中, 未趕上, 未找到.
例: It』s a pity that you miss the bus. The boy shot at the goal, but missed.
9. right: ① adj. 正確的, 右邊的 It』s not right to spit in public.
② n. 右方, 權利 Women now have the right to vote in Japan.
③ adv. 恰恰,正, The UFO landed right in front of me.
11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常與can, be able to 連用.
例: Can you afford a new car? The film couldn』t afford to pay such large salaries.
12. as well as 連詞, 不但…而且… 強調前者. (若引導主語, 謂動與前者在人稱和數上一致。
例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不僅需要水, 還需要空氣和陽光.
I as well as they am ready to help you. 不僅是他們, 我也願意幫助你.
13. alone = by oneself 獨自一人. lonely 孤獨的, 寂寞的.
14. in the last/past + 一段時間
ring the last/past + 一段時間 與現在完成時連用.
17. ①be/ become interested in sth. 對…感興趣
②be interested in doing sth. 對做…感興趣
③show great interest in 在……方面產生極大的興趣
④a place of interest 一處名勝 some places of interest
如:He is interested in math, but he isn』t interested in speaking
English. 他對數學感興趣,但是他對說英語不感興趣。
19. on 副詞,表示(電燈、電視、機械等)在運轉中/打開,
其反義詞off. with the light on 燈開著
25. take sb. to + 地方送/帶某人去某個地方如:
A person took him to the hospital. 一個人把他送到了醫院。
Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
36. as + 形容詞./副詞+as sb. could/can 盡某人的…能力,如:
Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力去跑。
37. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩
復合句與簡單句的轉化:
when ------ at the age of …
I could sing songs when I was five.
I could sing songes at the age of five.
so…that…----- too… to…. / enough to …
He was so young that he couldn』t go to school today.
He was too young to go to school.
He wasn』t old enough to go to school.
so that…------ in order to do sth.
Tom gets up early in the morning so that he can catch the early bus.
Tom gets up early in the morning in order to catch the early bus.
It seems / seemed that sb….------ sb. seems / seemed to do sth.
Sb. hopes / hoped that ….-------sb. hopes / hoped to do sth.
be afraid
be sure that +從句---- 動詞不定式
be sorry

I am sure that he will win the badminton match tomorrow.
He is sure to win the badminton match tomorrow.

二、 短語
1. be more interested in 對…更感興趣;2. on the swim team 游泳隊的隊員.
3. be terrified of 害怕;4. gym class 體操課;5. worry about. 擔心;
6. all the time 一直, 總是;7. chat with 與…閑聊;8. hardly ever 幾乎從不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by bus
10. as well as 不僅…而且;11. get into trouble 遇到麻煩;
12. make a decision 做出決定;13. to one』s surprise 使某人吃驚的是
14. take pride in 為…感到驕傲;15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…組成/構成. be made up of 由…組成/構成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是;18. in the end 最後, 終於;19. play the piano 彈鋼琴

三、句子
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著卧室的燈睡覺.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多時間和我的朋友們玩游戲.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我幾乎沒有時間去聽音樂會.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那會使你緊張的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎變化很大

Unit 3
一.知識點
1.被動語態的謂語動詞形式:
含情態動詞的: can/may/must/should be +done
2.get/have + n./pron. + done 叫/讓/請別人做某事(即使謀事被做)
例: I want to get my car mended. 我要讓人把車子修好.
3.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做… allow doing sth 允許做…
4.drive : ① 駕車,駕駛. ② 驅趕,驅使.
例: What drives them to rob the shop? 什麼驅使他們去搶商店?
6.He doesn』t seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesn』t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
7.倒裝句: So + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞+主語(前為肯定局) 表示與前面所述事實一致.
Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實一致.
例: He likes oranges. So do we. He doesn』t like oranges. Neither do we.
Tom can swim. So can John. Tom can』t swim. Neither can John.
So +主語+ be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞 表示對前面事實的進一步確認.
例: Henry is very tired. So he is.(的確是)
He surfed Internet for two hours. So he did.(的確是)
They will win the game. So they will.(他們會的)
10.fail a test = fail in a test 考試不及格
11.be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.
例: The head teacher is strict with his students He is strict in the work.
12.the other day 前幾天,不久前的一天.(用於過去時)
15.volunteer ① n. 自願者. ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自願做…
例: We all volunteered to help in the old people』s home.我們都志願到敬老院幫忙.
16.chance 指僥幸的,偶爾的機會,還可表示「可能性」
opportunity 指有利的時機,良機. 二者有時可以互換.
Have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的機會.
Don』t be too frustrated. You』ll have another opportunity to go to college next year. 別太沮喪了,你還有上大學的機會.
experience : ①可數名詞 「經歷,體驗」
例: Please tell us something about your experiences.②不可數名詞 「經驗」 例: He is a man of rich experience.
③動詞「經歷」 例: She experienced lots of suffering.
18. off 不工作,不上班,不上學,不值班.
例: I think I』ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.
She is off today. 她今天休息.
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.
19. reply to sth/sb=answer sth/sb
另外answer還有「應答」之意.如answer the door/telephone
20. get in the way (of)... 妨礙...
例: He never gets in others』 way. 他從不妨礙別人.
The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那裡會妨礙別人的.
22. do does did 用在另一個動詞前表示強調.
例: He does speak well. 他真的講的很好.
Do be quiet. 務必安靜.
26. only 處於句首,並後跟狀語時,全句需要倒裝.
例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那時,他才明白.
Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語學好.
Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當她到家時,他才得知了這消息.
二.短語
1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干… allow sb to do sth 允許某人干…
allow doing sth 允許干…
2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16歲的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼職工作 4. a driver』s license 駕照
5. on weekends 在周末 6. at that age 在那個年齡段
7. on school nights 在上學期間的每個晚上 8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相當與及物動詞) 清掃 10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格
11. take the test 參加考試 12. the other day 前幾天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同學 14. concentrate on 全神貫注於
15. be good for 對…有益 16. in groups 成群的,按組的
17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結構) 18. learn from 向某人學習
19. at present 目前,現在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的機會
21.English-English dictionary 英英詞典 22. at least 至少
23.eight hours』 sleep a night 每晚8小時的睡眠
24. an old people』s home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花費時間干…
26. primary schools 小學 27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答復 29. get in the way of 妨礙
30. a professional athlete 職業運動員 31. achieve one』s dreams 實現夢想
32. think about 思考,考慮 33. in the end 最後,終於
34. be serious about 對…熱忠/極感興趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing 在…上花費時間/金錢
36. care about 關心,擔心,在乎 37. agree with 同意…
三.句子
1. I don』t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我認為不應該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔.
2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業.
3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上11點.
4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我們應該被允許更加經常的花些時間多做這類事情.
5.What school rules do you think should be changed?
你認為學校的哪些制度應該改一改了?
6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.
7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.
8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才能實現我的夢想.
10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
應該允許他們對業余愛好想練多長時間就練多長時間.
11.We have nothing against running. 我們沒有理由反對他跑步。

② 英語人教版七年級下冊十一單元語法,要全的。急!

英語人教版七年級下冊十一單元語法,全

What do you think of game shows?
本課詞彙及語法

單元目標:

1. 學會陳述自己的看法和意見。

2. 學會談論自己的喜好。

3.了解一些日常生活用品,描述其喜好程度。

單詞

think of 想起;考慮到soap n. 肥皂soap opera 肥皂劇;連續劇

situation n. 情景;形勢sitcom n. (situation comedy) 情景喜劇

nothing pron. 沒什麼;沒什麼東西; ha int. 哈(表示驚訝、歡樂、勝利、慍怒等)

listing n. 列表;一覽表;目錄mind v. 在乎;介意

How about ...? ......怎麼樣?super adj. 極好的;了不起的;棒的

host n. 主持人;主人;主辦人員 agree v. 同意;贊成clip n. 夾子;回形針

hair clip 發卡key ring 鑰匙圈belt n. 腰帶;皮帶;帶子;

wallet n. 錢包,皮夾fashion n. 流行的式樣;opinion n. 意見;idea n. 想法;念頭;意見

colorful adj. 顏色鮮艷的;多姿多彩的;生動的

單詞歸類

I. TV shows(電視節目):

talk show 訪談soap opera 肥皂劇sports show 體育節目sitcom 情景喜劇game show 游戲

II. the expressions(片語):

love 喜愛don't mind 不介意can't stand 不能容忍don't like 不喜歡

III. the things(物品):wallet 錢包hair clip 發卡belt 腰帶scarf 圍巾key ring 鑰匙圈sunglasses 太陽鏡ring 戒指watch 手錶

重點短語

1. write an article for the school magazine.給學校雜志寫一篇文章

2. a thirteen - year - old boy.一個十三歲的男孩

3. wear colorful clothes.穿著顏色鮮艷的衣服

4. interview sb. 采訪某人5. in fact. 實際上

6. wear scarves. 戴著圍巾7. think of 想起,考慮到

重點句子

1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.

2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.

3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't like it.

4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.

5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.

重、難點解析

1. wear (v. 動詞) "穿,戴,佩"。根據不同賓語,翻譯不同的漢語意思。

wear earrings 戴耳環 wear a dress 穿連衣裙wear a watch 戴手錶

wear a beard 蓄鬍子wear long hair 留長發

2. think "想,考慮,思索"(v. 動詞)可以和許多介詞搭配,組成新的意思。

A:think of "考慮";"有...的看法",有時等於think about.

What does he think of Beijing Opera?他對京劇有什麼看法?

My mother always thinks of everything!我媽媽總是想到所有的東西。

think highly of sb. /sth. 對某人或某物評價甚高

Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布萊克先生對他兒子評價甚高。

B:think about "考慮"(指計劃,觀念,看它是否相宜、可行)

He is thinking about going to China.他正在考慮去中國。

3. too與either的區別

too"也",表示肯定意義,與肯定的表達方法連用;而either"也不",表示否定意義,與否定的表達方法連用。

(1)—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜歡踢足球。—I do, too.我也是(喜歡)。

(2)—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜歡踢足球。—I don't, either.

我也不喜歡。

also也可以表示"也",但一般情況下,too和either放在句子之後,also放在動詞之前。

We also love talk shows.我們也喜歡訪談節目。

4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一個十三歲的男孩

此結構中,year用單數形式,且用連字元,這種結構用作定語。

a five - month - old baby 一個五個月大的嬰兒

5.? enjoy (v. 喜愛,享受)

enjoy後面接名詞、代詞或動名詞,注意與like/ love用法的區別。like/ love還可以接動詞不定式(to do)。

I enjoy the soap operas.我喜愛肥皂劇。

I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜愛看肥皂劇。

但我們不能說:I enjoy to watch the soap operas.

只能說:I like / love to watch the soap operas.

6. mind 表示"介意,反對"的意思時,通常用在疑問句、否定句中。

Would you mind opening the window?請你打開窗子好不好?

He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一點都不在乎寒冷的天氣。

多用於以下句型:(表示請求或徵求意見)後接動名詞/名詞/代詞。

Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?

7. stand 表示忍受(多用於否定句、疑問句)

He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎熱的天氣。

Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼嗎?

9. What do you think of ...? 你認為...怎麼樣?(談論對某事物的喜好程度)可選擇的回答有:

(1)I like it.

(2)I don't mind it.

(3)I don't like it.

(4)I can't stand it.

(5)I like it very much.

(6)I love it.

(7)It's beautiful.

(8)They're fantastic

英語翻譯123團隊幫助你.

③ 七年級英語下冊每單元的思維導圖

如下:

(3)英語九年級下冊11單元語法擴展閱讀

主要考察的是情態動詞的知識點:

情態動詞本身有一定的詞義,表示語氣的單詞。但是不能獨立作謂語,只能和動詞原形一起構成謂語。情態動詞用在行為動詞前,表示說話人對這一動作或狀態的看法或主觀設想。 情態動詞雖然數量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)

四大分類:

①只做情態動詞:may, might, must…

②可做情態動詞又可做實義動詞:如:need, dare.can...

③具有情態動詞特徵:have(had,has) to,used to, ought to

④可做情態動詞又可作助動詞:如:shall(should),will(would)

情態動詞無人稱和數的變化,情態動詞後面跟的動詞須用原形,否定式構成是在情態動詞後面加 "not"。個別情態動詞有現在式和過去式兩種形式,過去式用來表達更加客氣,委婉的語氣,時態性不強,可用於過去,現在或將來。情態動詞屬非及物動詞,故沒有被動語態。He could be here soon. 他很快就來。

基本助動詞與情態助動詞最主要的區別之一是:基本助動詞本身沒有詞義,而情態助動詞則有自己的詞義,能表示說話人對有關動作或狀態的看法,或表示主觀設想。

④ 新目標九年級第九、十、十一單元英語的短語、語法、句子。詳細一些,謝謝,兔年快樂

Unit9
1. 被動語態
(1). 被動語態表示句子的主語是謂語動詞所表示的動作承受者。
(2). 被動語態基本結構:be+及物動詞的過去分詞
(如果是不用物動詞,其過去分詞應帶有相應的介詞)
(3). 被動語態中的be 是助動詞,有人稱、數和時態的變化。
一般現在時被動語態為:am/is/are+過去分詞
一般過去時被動語態為:was/were+ 過去分詞
與情態動詞連用的被動語態:情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞
(4). 被動語態中動作的發出者或執行者做介詞by的賓語,放在句
末,by 表示「由,被」的意思
如何理解被動語態?
為取勝更清晰、更深刻地理解被動語態的含義,可以將主動語態和被動語態的句子結構進行比較。
主動語態: 主語+ 謂語動詞 + 賓語 + 其他成分

被動語態: 主語+ be +過去分詞 + by +賓語 +其他成分
如: Many people speak English.

被動語態 English is spoken by many people.
2. 本單元要掌握的句型 見課本P69 中的Grammar Focus
3. invent v. 發明 inventor n. 發明家 invention n. 發明 可數名詞
4. be used for doing用來做…(是被動語態) 如:
Pens are used for writing. 筆是用來寫的。
Pens aren』t used for eating. 筆不是用來吃的。
5. 給某人某樣東西
give sth. to sb. 如:I gave a pen to him. 我給他一支筆。
give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我給他一支筆。
6. all day 整天
7. salty adj. 鹹的 salt n. 鹽
8. by mistake 錯誤地 如:
I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿錯了雨傘。
9. make sb./sth. +形容詞 使…怎麼樣 It made me happy. 它使我高興
make sb./sth. +名詞 讓…做… It made me laugh. 它讓我發笑
10. by accident 意外 偶然 I met her by accident at bus stop.
我在公共汽車站意外地見到了她。
11. not…until… 直到…才做… 如:
I didn』t go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡覺。
12. according to +名詞 根據… 如: according to an legend
according to this article根據這篇文章 根據一個神話
13. over an open fire 野飲
14. leaf n. 葉子 復數形式 leaves
15. nearby adj. 附近的 如: the nearby river
16. fall into 落入 掉進 如:The leaf fell into the river. 葉子落入了河裡。fall down 摔倒 如:She fell down from her bike.
她從她自行車摔倒了。
17. quite 非常 adv. 與冠詞a連用時,冠詞a必須放在它的後面
如: quite a beautiful girl 一個漂亮的女孩
very 非常 adv. 與冠詞a連用時,冠詞a必須放在它的前面
如: a very beautiful girl 一個漂亮女孩
註:當不與冠詞a 連用時,兩者可以互用 如:
I am very happy.=== I am quite happy. 我非常高興。
18. in the way 這樣
19. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人發自內心的欣慰和愉快
pleasant adj. 愉快 高興 指天氣、時間、旅行令人高興愉快
please v. 使高興 使同意
20. battery—operated adj. 電池控制的是名詞+動詞的運動分詞構成的合成形容詞
21. in the sixth century 在第6世紀
22. travel around 周遊
23. more than === over 超過 如: more than 300 == over 300 超過300
24. including prep. 介詞 包括 可以與名詞和動名詞連用
如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6個人包括一個小孩受傷了。
25. have been played 被上演 是現在完成時的被動語態
現在完成時的被動語態的結構:have /has been +過去分詞
26. be born 出生 He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生
27. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的
28. knock into 撞上(某人)
29. divide sth. into … 將…劃分成..
通常指將一個整體分成幾個對應相對的部分 如:
Let』s divide ourselves into 4groups. 讓我們把我們自己劃成4組。
30. since then 自從那以後 常與完成時 態連用 如:
Since then, I have left Beijing. 自從那以後,我已經離開了北京。
Unit10
1. 過去完成時
(1) 構成:由助動詞had + 過去分詞 構成
否定式:had not + 過去分詞 縮寫形式:hadn』t
(2) 用法:過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了的動作。
(3) 它所表示的時間是「過去的過去」。
①表示過去某一時間可用by, before 等構成的短語來表示
②也可以用when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句來表示
③還可以通過賓語從句或通過上下文暗示。
When I got there, you had already eaten you meal. 當我到達那裡時,你已經開始了。
By the time he got here, the bus had left. 到他到達這里時,汽車已經離開了
2. by the time 直到…時候
指從過去某一點到從句所示的時間為止的一段時間 如:
By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper.
在我們到達他就已經吃完了晚飯。
3. 英語中表示「把某物遺忘在某處」常用 leave + 地點 ,而不是forget+地點 如:Unluckily, I left my book at home不幸的是,我把書忘在家裡了。
4. close v. 關 adv. 接近地 靠近地 closed adj. 關的
5. come out 出來
6. on time 按時 准時 既不早也不遲 in time 及時 指在時限到來之前
7. luckily adv. 幸運地 lucky adj. 幸運的 luck n. 好運
8. give sb. a ride 讓某搭便車 如:
He often gives me a ride to school. 他經常讓我搭便車去學校。
9.only just 剛剛好、恰好
10. go off (鬧鍾)鬧響 The alarm went off just now. 剛才警鍾響了。
11. break down 壞掉
12. fool n. 傻子 獃子 v. 愚弄 欺騙 如: He is a fool. 他是一個獃子。
We can』t fool our teach. 我們不能欺騙我們的教師。(動詞)
13. show up 出現 出席 She didn』t show up last night. 昨晚她沒有出現
14. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某做事 如:
My friend invited me to watch TV. 我的朋友邀請我看電視。
15. set off 激起 出發 set up 建立
16. ①so … that 如此…以致於
引導結果狀語從句,so後面接形容詞、副詞.
②so that作「為了」時,引導目的狀語從句,從句常出現情態動詞,
作結果狀語從句時,從句中一般不用情態動詞 。
如:She got up early so that she could catch the bus.
為了能趕上車,她起得很早。(目的狀語從句)
She was so sad that she couldn』t say a word.
她悲傷得一句話也說不出來。(結果狀語從句)
17. flee from 從…逃跑 避開 如:They fled from their home.
他們從他們的家裡逃了出來。
18. thrill v . 使人非常激動,使人非常緊張
thrilled adj. 指某人感到激動或感到緊張
thrilling adj. 指某事物使人心情激動
19. get married 結婚
20. convince v. 使信服 convincing adj. 令人信服的
21. land v. 著落
22. be late for 遲到
23. a piece of 一片/塊/張 如: a piece of paper/ bread 一張紙/ 一塊麵包
重點短語:
1.到…時候by the time +…(句子)…從過去某一點到從句所示時間為止的一段時間,即從句用過去時,主句用過去完成時。
2.(鬧鍾)鬧響go off
3.跑掉;迅速離開run off
4.損壞break down (突然)中斷break off
5.(在)愚人節(on) April Fool's Day
6.激起;引 起set off
7.一片,一塊a piece of
8.按時on time 及時in time
Section A
1.從…離開去…leave (from)…for …
把某物遺忘在某地leave sth. +介賓短語(表地點的)
忘記某人/某事forget sb /sth.
忘記去作…forget to do …
忘記已作了…forget doing …
2.在洗沐浴get in the shower
3.開始作…start/begin to do …(前後不同的事)start/begin doing …(前後相同的事)
4.我上學從未遲到,但昨天我差點遲到.I 've never been late for school ,but yesterday I came very close.
5.等待(某人)作…wait (for sb )to do …
6.出來;開花come out 實現come ture 從旁而過come by 來自…come/be from…
7.我必須抓緊了.I had to really rush.
8.飛快沖了個 澡take/have a quick shower
9.給/讓某人搭便車give/get sb. a ride =give /get a ride to sb.
10.我恰好趕上上課.I only just made it to my class.(此時,指"約定"之意)
SectionB
1.給某人穿衣服dress sb.
穿(…)衣服 be /get dressed (in +衣服)
化裝;打扮dress up
2.熬夜stay /sit up (late)
3.給某人看某物show sb .sth.=show sth .to sb.
帶某人參觀…show sb.around sth.
賣弄…show off…
出席,露面show up
展覽 be on show =be on display
4.化妝舞會a costume party
5.在地球著陸land on the earth
6.由演員奧森•威爾斯主 持的廣播節目a radio program by actor Orsom Welles
7.遍及全國across the whole country =all over the whole country
8.從…逃跑;避開…flee from…=run away from…(flee過去式為fled )
9.將有…the re will be ….(一般將來時)
there would be …(過去將來時)
10.買盡可能多的義大利面條buy as much spaghetti as they could /possible
11.讓某人嫁過某人ask sb .to marry sb.
結婚get married
和…結婚 get /be married with …=marry …
12.停止作…stop doing … 停下某事來作…stop to do …
13.在開學 第一天on the first day of school
14.(向某人)打招呼say hello (to sb.)
15.醒來wake up 叫…醒來wake sb. up
16. 有一個很愉快的結局have a very happy ending
17.失去了他的女朋友和他的觀眾lose both his girlfriend and his show
Unit11
1.賓語從句 賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語。
①由連接詞+ 主語+ 謂語 構成
常由下面的一些連接詞引導:
②由that 引導 表示陳述意義 that 可省略
He says (that) he is at home. 他說他在家裡。
③由if , whether 引導 表示一般疑問意義(帶有是否、已否、對否等)
I don』t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韋華是否喜歡魚。
④由連接代詞、連接副詞(疑問詞) 引導 表示特殊疑問意義
Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要買什麼嗎?
⑤從句時態要與主句一致
當主句是一般現在時,從句根據情況使用任何時態
He says (that ) he is at home. 他說他在家裡。
I don』t know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wants to know if I have finished my homework.
她想要知道我是否已經完成了我的作業。
Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他將會什麼時候回來?
當主句是一般過去時,從句應使用過去某時態
(一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時,過去完成時)
He said (that) he was at home. 他說他在家裡。
I didn』t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.
她想要知道我是否已經完成了我的作業。
Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他將會什麼時候回來?
2. get v. 得到、買、到達
3. make a telephone call 打電話
4. save money 省錢、存錢
5. ①問路常用的句子:
Do you know where …is ?
Can you tell me how can I get to …?
Could you tell me how to get to …?
②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客氣地詢問事情
③Could you tell me how to get to the park?
請你告訴我怎麼才能去郵局好嗎?中的how to get to the park
是疑問詞與動詞不定式連用,用作賓語,但不是賓語從句,可是
相當於how I can get to the park(賓語從句)如:
I don』t know how to solve the problem. ==
I don』t know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解決這個問題
Can you tell me when to leave? ==
Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告訴我什麼時候離開?
6. 日常交際用語:
take the elevator / escalator to the … floor.乘電梯/自動扶梯到…樓
turn left / right === take a left / right 向左/ 右轉
go past 經過 go straight 向前直走
7. next to 旁邊、緊接著 如:Lily is next to Ann. 莉莉就在安的旁邊。
8. between … and… 在…和…之間
如: Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和湯姆的之間。
9. decide to do 決定做… She decided to go to have lunch. 她決定去吃午餐。
decide v. decision n. make a decision 做個決定
10. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是一個閑盪的好地方
中的to hang out修飾前面名詞place,不定式作定語.
如:There are something to eat. 這有吃的東西。中的to eat修飾代詞something,作定語.
11. kind of +adj./ adv. 譯為「有點、一點」
如: She is kind of shy. 她有點害羞。
12. expensive 貴的 反義詞 inexpensive 不貴的
13. crowded 擁擠的 反義詞 uncrowded 不擁擠的
14. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假
15. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成..
如:He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要打扮成聖誕老人。
16. on the beach 在海灘上 的介詞用 on
17. politely adv. 有禮貌地 polite adj. 有禮貌的
18. depend on sth / doing / 從句 根據、依靠、依賴、決定於
Living things depend on the sunlight.生物對陽光有依賴性。
We can』t depend on his answer. 我們不能根據他的回答。
That depends on how you did it. 那決定於你怎樣做這件事。
19. prefer動詞 更喜歡 寧願 常用的結構有:
prefer sth. 更喜歡某事 I prefer English. 我更喜歡英語。
prefer doing/ to do 寧願做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我寧願坐著。
prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜歡… I prefer dogs to cats. 與貓相比我更喜歡狗。
prefer doing to doing 寧願做某事而不願做某事
I prefer walking to sitting. 我寧願走路也不願坐著
prefer to do rather than do 寧願做某事而不願做某事
I prefer to work rather than be free. 我寧願工作而不願閑著。
20. on the other hand 另一方面
21.把…借給某人lend sb. sth. = lend sth.to sb. 如:
Lily lent me he22. such as
23. I』m sorry to do sth. 對做某事我覺得很抱歉、傷心。
24. in a way 在某種程度說
25. in order to do 為了做… 表目的 如:
He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
他起早床,是為了趕上頭班公共汽車。
26. 等級/同級比較:as…as , not as/so…as
①as + 形容詞/ 副詞原級 + as
表示「和…一樣的…」「…和…一樣的…」
如: He works as hard as we. 他工作和我們同樣努力。
②否定式:not as + 形容詞/ 副詞原級 + as
== not so + 形容詞/ 副詞原級 + as
He doesn』t work as / so hard as we. 他工作沒有我們那樣努力。
27. hand in 上交
r book. == Lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的書借給了我。

⑤ 七年級下冊第11單元中的b的2b的語法

今天抄的故事是關於來自深襲圳的一位學生,朱慧。她現在正在美國學習,她在紐約和一個美國人的家庭住在一起。今天是端午節,現在是上午九點,朱慧和她的家人在家裡。她的媽媽和嬸嬸正在包粽子。她的爸爸和叔叔正在通過電視看船賽,朱慧是在看比賽還是吃粽子嗎?好了,現在是紐約時間下午九點,節日前的夜晚。但是美國沒有端午節因此對朱慧和她的寄宿家庭來說,今天和其他任何一個晚上一樣,那位母親正在給他的幼小的孩子們講故事。父親正在通過電視看一場足球賽,朱輝在干什麼呢?他在和他深圳的表哥通過電話交談,朱輝思念他的家人並希望吃上他媽媽做的美味可口的粽子,朱輝非常喜歡紐約和他的寄宿家庭,但仍然沒有比家更好的地方。

⑥ 人教版七年級英語11、12單元的語法!!注意是語法!

上.11單元
What time的用法
what time 意為『何時;什麼時候』,如果詢問主語『什麼時候做某事』,可用『what time do / does+主語+動詞原形+.........?』句型,其中what time用來提問具體時間。
what time does your play begin ?你們的演出幾點開始?
what time does she often watch tv? 她經常什麼時候看電視 。
-what time is it ? 幾點鍾了?
-it'sone o'clock. 一點了
時刻的表達
1.整點法
時間剛好是整點,可用『整點時間+o'clock'。o'clock只能接在表示整點時間後面,也可以省略。
It's seven o'clock / it's seven 七點鍾
2.順序法
順序法師直接讀寫數字,先說點鍾後說分鍾,都用基數詞。幾點零幾分,可在時與分之間加個o,讀字母o的音。
i t's eight ten 八點十分
it's eight o five 八點五分
3.逆讀法
逆讀法是藉助介詞past或to表示鍾點。即先說分鍾,再說點鍾。常用結構是『分鍾+介詞past或to+點鍾』。分鍾不到半小時,用past來表示;分鍾正好30分中(半小時)的,用『half past .....』表示。分鍾超過半小時的,用『(60減去分鍾數)+to+下一個點中數』由此可見,past用於幾點過幾分,to是差幾分到幾點。
it's five past eight 八點五份
it's thirty past ten / half past ten 十點半
it's twenty to nine / eight forty 八點四十分
上.12單元
疑問詞what的用法
what 是疑問代詞,意為『'什麼』,在句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語。
what makes you think that ? 什麼使你這樣想的?(作主語)
what do youusually do on Sundays ?星期天你通常做什麼?(做賓語)
what are your prants ?你父母是干什麼的?(作表語)
what time do you usually get up ?你通常幾點起床?(作定語)
累死我列,還有疑問副詞、疑問詞、我就不打了、

不過、你是要上學期的還是下學期的呀?

⑦ 日語N1藍寶書第11單元最最後一題語法問題求助

よう作為推量助動詞,除了表示說話者的意志決心,還可以表示勸誘和委婉的命專令。

題主有沒有覺得整屬句話都在呼籲,「我們要確定自己的鈍感力,有則惜之,無則培育之」等等,「強くする」,這里指的「鈍感力を強くする」,和上文的 鈍感力を養う 是對應的,所以ないと思う人はそれを養う「よう」這里也是よう。
綜上,不用ため用よう。

⑧ 有誰知道新目標英語七年級上冊11單元的語法總結,急需,謝謝!

1、名詞

A)、名詞的數

我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:

一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas

二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes

三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯

五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員

九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞

十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B)名詞的格

當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:

一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s

二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節

三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如:Mike and Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)

2、代詞

項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數 I me my mine myself
復數 we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數 you you your yours yourself
復數 you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復數 they them their theirs these those themselves

3、動詞

A) 第三人稱單數

當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:

一)一般在詞後加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四)以o結尾加es。如:does, goes

五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has

B) 現在分詞

當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:

一)一般在後加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having

三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位於

4、形容詞的級

我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下:

一) 一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest

二)以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三) 以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)

good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst

little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數詞 (基變序,有規則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它後接th;y結尾,變為i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、句式

1.陳述句

肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞)

b) He looks very young. (連系動詞)

c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)

d) I can bring some things to school. (情態動詞)

e) There』s a computer on my desk. (There be結構)

否定陳述句 a) These aren』t their books. b) They don』t look nice.

c) Kate doesn』t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can』t find her doll.

e) There isn』t a cat here. (=There』s no cat here.)

2. 祈使句

肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let』s learn English!

c) Come in, please.

否定祈使句a) Don』t be late. b) Don』t hurry.

3. 疑問句

1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?

d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?

肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.

否定回答: a) No, he isn』t. b) No, you can』t. c) No, she doesn』t. d) No, they don』t. e) No, she isn』t.

2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It』s big./ It』s small.

3) 特殊疑問句

① 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.

② 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.

③ 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.

④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.

How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].

⑤ 問原因 Why do you want to join the club?

⑥ 問時間 What』s the time? (=What time is it?) It』s a quarter to ten a.m..

What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o』clock.

When do you want to go? Let』s go at 7:00.

⑦ 問地方 Where』s my backpack? It』s under the table.

⑧ 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.

What』s your favourite color? It』s black.

⑨ 問人物 Who』s that? It』s my sister.

Who is the boy in blue? My brother.

Who isn』t at school? Peter and Emma.

Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?

⑩ 問東西 What』s this/that (in English)? It』s a pencil case.

What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.

11問姓名 What』s your aunt』s name? Her name is Helen./She』s Helen.

What』s your first name? My first name』s Ben.

What』s your family name? My family name』s Smith.

12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.

13 問字母 What letter is it? It』s big D/small f.

14 問價格 How much are these pants? They』re 15 dollars.

15 問電話號碼 What』s your phone number? It』s 576-8349.

16 問謂語(動作) What』s he doing? He』s watching TV.

17 問職業(身份) What do you do? I』m a teacher.

What』s your father? He』s a doctor.

三、時態

1、一般現在時 表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時,它有:

Be 動詞:She』s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn』t a worker.

情態動詞:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can』t play the piano.

行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don』t want to eat any tomatoes.

Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn』t have a watch.

2、現在進行時 表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態,結構為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.

I』m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I』m not playing baseball.

Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn』t writing a letter.

They』re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren』t listening to the pop music

⑨ 2012版七年級下冊英語十一單元grammar focus翻譯

How was your school trip?---------你的校游怎麼樣?
It was great!--------太棒了!
Did you go to the zoo?-------你去動物園了嗎?
No,I didn't.I went to a farm.------不,沒去.我去農場了.
Did you see any cows?----------看見牛了嗎?
Yes,I did.I saw quite a lot.----------是的,看見了內.我見到了相當容多的牛.
Did Carol ride a horse?-------卡羅爾騎馬了嗎?
No,she didn't.But she milked a cow.-------不,她沒有騎馬.但是她給一頭牛擠奶了.
Were the strawberries good?----------這些草莓好嗎?
Yes,they were./No,they weren't.--------是的,他們很好./不,他們不好.

⑩ 初三英語第十一單元講的語法知識

賓語從句:賓語從句是初中英語重要的語法內容,同時它也是中考必考項目。要學好賓語從句,必須掌握好它的基本概念,基本特點和有關難點。
基本概念:在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它是眾多從句中的一員,它在復合句中作主句謂語動詞、介詞的賓語。
1、掌握引導賓語從句的各種連詞
2、掌握賓語從句的語序——主句+連接詞+主語+謂語
3、掌握賓語從句與主句在時態上的呼應。
重點:語序和時態呼應
難點:語序和時態呼應;與疑問詞+不定式的轉化;與狀語從句的辨析

(一)連接詞
1.連詞that(在口語、非正式文體中可以省略,本身沒有意義)。引導陳述句做賓語從句。如:
I tell him that I have read the story.
2.連詞if或whether(是否)引導的賓語從句。如:
Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow?
3.連接代詞who,whose,what,which和連接副詞how,when where引導的賓語從句。這些連詞在句中作成分,有實際意義不能省略。
He didn』t know when he would leave for Shanghai.
注意:1、由連接代、副詞引導的賓語從句可以和「疑問詞+不定式」結構轉化。如. I don』t know how I should do with the presents.=I don』t know how to do with the presents.
2、要注意區分判斷由if、when引導的從句類型.(賓語從句還是狀語從句)

(二)語序
從句要用陳述句語序,就是指賓語從句中主語一定要放在謂語動詞之前。
1.主句(主語+謂語vt)+(that)從句(主語+謂語……);
2.主句+if/whether從句(主語+謂語…);
3.主句+連接代詞who/whom/whose/what/which+陳述句語序(主語+謂語…);
4.主句+連接副詞when/where/why/how+陳述句語序。

(三)時態一致
賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態,常常受主句謂語時態的制約,這種現象稱為「時態的呼應」。
1.主句是一般現在時,賓語從句可以使用各種時態。
2.主句是一般過去時,賓語從句時態要用與過去相關的時態。比如,一般過去時,過去完成時,過去將來時等等。

(四)相關的難點及考點
1.連結詞that的省略。在非正式場合下,that在引導賓語從句時可以省略。如:I think (that) it is terrible.
但在正式場合,特別是表示建議要求的從句,一般不省略。
2.Whether不能換為if的情況
一般情況下,if和whether可以互換,但以下3種情況只能用whether:
①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn『t been decided.
②在介詞前:It depends on whether it is going to rain.
③與or not連用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.
3.語序例外的特例。
What』s the matter ?作為賓語從句時有兩種前況。當它的解釋是「怎麼了?」時,語序不要變化。當它的解釋是「這是什麼物質?」時,要變為陳述句語序。如:
The teacher asked the students what the matter was.
The teacher asked the students what was the matter?
4.時態例外的特例。
如果賓語從句所敘述的是客觀真理、自然現象、名言警句或諺語等,不管主句是什麼時態,從句都用原時態。
The teacher told us light travels much faster than sound .
5.賓語從句否定意義的轉移。
在think , believe , suppose, imagine等動詞所跟的賓語中,如果從句謂語是否定的,一般要將否定詞not轉移至主句謂語上去,而將從句謂語改為肯定形式。如:
I don『t think he has time to play with the girl.
6.由think , believe , suppose, imagine 加賓語從句的反意疑問句。
其疑問部分的構成方法是:「結構看從句,肯定否定看主句」
如:He thought it was late , wasn』t it ?
7.賓語從句和狀語從句的分辯。
在某些情況下,同學們容易混淆賓語從句和狀語從句。如if 引導的賓語從句或狀語從句。可以用以下方法來處理:
當if解釋為「是否」時,其引導的是賓語從句。遵循賓語從句的時態規則。
He doesn『t know if the famous singer will come tomorrow.
當if解釋為「如果」時,其引導的是條件狀語從句。遵循的是「主將從現」的時態規則。
He will come if he has time tomorrow

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