Ⅰ 英語中的語法,時態。所有的
1
一般現在時
主語
+
系動詞
標志詞有often,usually,always等
要注意「單三」,即he
she
it
2
現在進行時
主語+be動詞
+動詞-ing形式
標志詞有now,at
this
time
3
一般過去時
主語+動詞過去式
標志詞有ago,
yesterday,
the
day
before
yesterday,
last
week,
just
now等
4
過去進行時
主語+
was/were
+
doing
標志詞有at
that
time等
5
現在完成時
主語+
have/has
+
done
標志詞有recently,
lately,
since
6
過去完成時
主語+had
+
done
標志詞有before,
by
the
end
of
last
year等
7
一般將來時
主語+
①am/is/are/going
to
+
do;②will/shall
+
do.;③be+doing標志詞有tomorrow,
next
day(week,
month,
year…),soon等
8
過去將來時
主語+①was/were/going
to
+
do;②would/should
+
do
標志詞有the
next
day等
追問:語法呢?
追答:語法范圍太大了吧。全部的語法說一年估計也說不完。建議買本適合自己的語法書看看。
追問:呃呃
Ⅱ 英語七大時態 務必准確 拜託
英語中常用的有9大時態,每個時態有其固定的結構
一般時態:一般現在時 一般過去時間 一般將來時
進行時態:現在進行時 過去進行時 將來進行時
完成時態:現在完成時 過去完成時 將來完成時
望採納,不懂追問~
Ⅲ 七大語法,八大時態。是哪些
我有那個文件,我發給你!
Ⅳ 英語語法有哪幾種時態
英語共有16種時態,根據近幾年曝光的四、六級考卷分析, 時態測試重點主要有:完成時態——現在完成時、過去完成時、將來完成時;進行時態——現在進行時、過去進行時、將來進行時、完成進行時;一般時態。
一、一般時態
1、一般現在時
(1)一般現在時表示沒有時限的持久存在的動作或狀態或現階段反復發生的動作或狀態,常和副詞 usually,often,always sometimes, regularly,near,occasionally,every year, every week 等連用。
(2)在由after,until,before,once,when,even if,in case,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及 if,unless 等引導的時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現在時代替將來時。
(3)某些表示起始的動詞,可用一般現在時表示按規定、計劃或安排要發生的動作,這類動詞有:be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave 等。
(4)在由why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引導的從句中,也常用一般現在時代替將來時
2.一般過去時
(1)表示過去某一特定時間所發生的、可完成的動作或狀態,常與表示確切過去時間的詞、短語或從句連用。
(2)表示過去習慣性動作。
(注意與be used to doing短語的區別)
3.一般將來時
1)表示將來打算進行或期待發生的動作或狀態。
2)幾種替代形式:
1)be going to +v在口語中廣泛使用,表示准備做或將發生的事情
2)be to +v表示計劃安排要做的事,具有「必要」的強制性意義。
3)be about to +v表示即將發生的事情。
4)be e to +v表示預先確定了的事, 必定發生的事。
5)be on the point/verge of +v – ing 強調即將發生的某種事態。.
二、進行時態
1.現在進行時
(1)表示現在正在進行的動作,常與now,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等連用。
(2)表示現階段經常發生的動作, 常與always,continually,forever,constantly等連用。
(3)表示根據計劃或安排在最近要進行的事情。具有這種語法功能的動詞僅限於過渡性動詞。即表示從一個狀態或位置轉移到另一個狀態或位置上去的動詞。常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。
(4)有些動詞不能用進行時,這是一類表示「感覺,感情,存在,從屬」等的動詞。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel, notice,look,appear,(表示感覺的詞);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse, forgive(表示感情的動詞);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在狀態的動詞);have,possess, own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示佔有與從屬的動詞);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember (表示思考理解的動詞)。但是如果它們詞義改變,便也可用進行時態
2. 過去進行時
過去進行時表示一個過去的動作發生時或發生後,另一個過去的動作正在進行,或表示過去反復的習慣,常與always,continually,constantly等動詞連用。
3. 將來進行時
將來進行時主要表示將來某一時刻正在進行的動作,或表示要在將來某一時刻開始,並繼續下去的動作。常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等
4. 完成進行時
(現在、過去、將來)完成進行時是(現在、過去、將來)完成時的強調形式,將放在完成時態部分講述。
三、完成時態
完成時態通常表示已完成或從事的動作。它可分為:
1. 現在完成時
(1)現在完成時用來表示對目前狀況仍有影響的,剛剛完成的動作(常與yet,already,just連用),或者過去某一時刻發生的,持續到現在的情況(常與for,since連用)。
(2)常與現在完成時連用的時間狀語有:since, for, ring, over等引導出的短語;副詞already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等;狀語片語this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等
(3)完成時態可用在下列結構中:
This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定語從句;This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定語從句;This (That, It) is (was) +形容詞最高級+ n +定語從句。如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時,從句的謂語動詞通常用現在完成時;如果主句謂語動詞是一般過去時,從句謂語動詞通常用過去完成時。
2. 過去完成時
(1)表示過去某時間前已經發生的動作或情況,這個過去的時間可以用by,before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示;或者表示一個動作在另一個過去動作之前已經完成。
(2)動詞expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用過去完成時,表示過去的希望、預期、意圖或願望等沒有實現。例如:
I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn』t able to get away.
另外兩種表示「過去想做而未做的事」的表達方式是:
1)was / were + to have done sth,
(3)過去完成時常用於以下固定句型:
1)hardly, scarcely, barely + 過去完成時+ when + 過去時。
2)no sooner +過去完成時+ than +過去時。
3)by (the end of ) +過去時間,主句中謂語動詞用過去完成時。
3. 將來完成時
將來完成時表示在將來某一時刻將完成或在另一個未來的動作發生之前已經完成的動作;也可以用來表示一種猜測。常與將來完成時連用的時間狀語有: by (the time / the end of ) + 表示將來時間的短語和句子;before (the end of ) + 表示將來時間的詞語或句子;when, after等加上表示將來動作的句子等。
4. 完成進行時
完成進行時是完成時的強調形式,有現在完成進行時,過去完成進行時,將來完成進行時。
(1)現在完成進行時表示過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態一直延續到過去某一時刻。
(2)過去完成進行時表示過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態一直延續到過去某一時刻。
(3)將來完成進行時表示在將來某一時刻之前開始的一個動作或狀態一直延續到將來某一時刻
Ⅳ 英語的全部語法、時態
時態還好點,比較少。語法就太多了,字數限制。去網路,都有,就這個http://ke..com/view/328219.html?wtp=tt
英語的時態(tense)是一種動詞形式,不同的時態用以表示不同的時間與方式。
是表示行為、動作和狀態在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此,當我們說時態結構的時候,指的是相應時態下的動詞形式。
英語時態分為16種:一般現在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將來時,以及這四者的進行時、完成時和完成進行時
下面就英語中常見的八種基本時態進行闡述,其它的時態都是在這八種時態的基礎上結合而成的。
一、 一般現在時:
1.概念:經常、反復發生的動作或行為及現在的某種狀況。
2.時間狀語: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本結構:動詞 原形 (如主語為第三人稱單數,動詞上要改為第三人稱單數形式)
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用doesn't,同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句:把be動詞放於句首;用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用does,同時,還原行為動詞。
6.例句:. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
二、 一般過去時:
1.概念:過去某個時間里發生的動作或狀態;過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為。
2.時間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本結構:be動詞;行為動詞 的過去式
4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句:was或were放於句首;用助動詞do的過去式did 提問,同時還原行為動詞。
6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 現在進行時:
1.概念:表示現階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。
2.時間狀語:now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本結構:am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑問句:把be動詞放於句首。
6.例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 過去進行時:
1.概念:表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發生或進行的行為或動作。
2.時間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。
3.基本結構:was/were+doing
4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑問句:把was或were放於句首。
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 現在完成時:
1.概念:過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,或從過去已經開始,持續到現在的動作或狀態。
2.時間狀語:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本結構:have/has + done
4.否定形式:have/has + not +done.
5.一般疑問句:have或has。
6.例句:I've written an article.
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
六、 過去完成時:
1.概念:以過去某個時間為標准,在此以前發生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即「過去的過去」。
2.時間狀語:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本結構:had + done.
4.否定形式:had + not + done.
5.一般疑問句:had放於句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 一般將來時:
1.概念:表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態及打算、計劃或准備做某事。
2.時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本結構:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.
4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行為動詞前加didn't,同時還原行為動詞。
5.一般疑問句:be放於句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 過去將來時:
1.概念:立足於過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用於賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結構:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.
4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問句:was或were放於句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
I asked who was going there .
九.將來完成時:
1.概念:在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態
2.時間狀語:by the time of;by the end of+時間短語(將來);by the time+從句(將來)
3.基本結構:be going to/will/shall + have done
十.現在完成進行時:
1.概念:在過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態一直持續到說話為止
2.基本結構:have/has +been+doing
幾種常見時態的相互轉換
英語中的幾種時態在一定情況下可以互相轉換,以下是幾種常見的轉換形式:
十一、 一般過去時與現在完成時的轉換
在現在完成時中,延續性動詞能與表示一段時間的狀語連用,瞬間動詞卻不能。但是,可用別的表達方式:①瞬間動詞用於「一段時間 + ago」的一般過去時的句型中;②瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應的延續性動詞及短語,與一段時間連用;③瞬間動詞用於「It is + 一段時間 + since + 一般過去時」的句型中,表示「自從……以來有……時間」的意思,主句一般用it is來代替It has been;④瞬間動詞用於「Some time has passed since + 一般過去時」的句型中。請看:
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
十二、 一般現在時與現在進行時的轉換
在一般現在時中,at加上名詞表示「處於某種狀態」,如at work(在工作), at school(上學、上課)等。此短語可與進行時態轉換。請看:
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
十三、 現在進行時與一般將來時的轉換
在現在進行時態中go, come, leave, start, arrive等動詞常與表示將來的時間狀語連用表示將要發生的動作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意為「我就來,媽媽!」請看:
The train is leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
十六種時態
一般現在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,一般過去將來時;
現在進行時,過去進行時,將來進行時,過去將來進行時;
現在完成時,過去完成時,將來完成時,過去將來完成時;
現在完成進行時,過去完成進行時,將來完成進行時,過去將來完成進行時.
Ⅵ 英語的時態語法(所有)+例句
1. 現在一般時與現在完成時
1) I come from Shanghai(上海人)
I have come from Shanghai(從上海來)
2) You read very well. (強調能力)
You've read very well. (強調一次剛完成的動作)
3) I forget.(一時想不起來了)
I have forgotten.(仍沒想起來,可能已回憶起來了)
4) The book is written in simple English. (表狀態)
The book has been written in simple English.(表動態,已用英語寫成)
5) Every time I see him, he's been reading. (兩個動作不可能同時進行)Every time I have seen him, he's been reading. (強調兩個動作同時進行)
6) He is gone. (強調狀態)He has gone (強調動作和時間)
7) He won't come till the play begins. (演出開始時)
He won't come till the play has begun.(戲已開始)
8) After I leave school, I'll go to college. (兩個動作緊密相接)
After I have left school, I'll go to college.(強調畢業後,兩個動作可能有間隔)
9) It is a long time since I saw you last. It's been a long time since I saw you last.(這兩句話一樣,後一句是美國英語)
10) Where are you? (在哪)Where have you been?(去了哪)
2. 現在一般時與現在進行時
1) He works hard.(強調始終如一)He is working hard.(強調現在)
2) What do you do? (干什麼工作的)What are you doing?(在干什麼)
3) Here comes the bus! (表高興和欣慰)
The bus is coming.(汽車到來的情景)
4) I forget him name. I'm forgetting his name.(差點把他的名字忘了)
5) You don't eat much. (強調胃口不大)
You're not eating much.(你怎麼不吃呀)
6) The match starts at 7 o'clock. (比較固定,不宜改變)
The match is starting at 7 o'clock.(可以改變)
7) Tom always comes late. Tom is always coming late.(表示不滿,責備)
8)Tom goes to college now.
Tom is going to college now.(這兩句區別不大,後者更生動)
9) I tell you.(我可以告訴你)
I'm telling you.(我告訴你吧,有感情色彩)
10) He always sleeps in the afternoon.
He is always sleeping in the afternoon.(後者意味著整個下午都睡掉了)
11) I expect you to phone me. ( 幾乎等於命令)
I'm expecting you to phone me.(婉轉)
12) What do you say? What are you saying?(你說些什麼呀,表說話人驚訝,不滿)
12) I find that the book is too difficult for me.(強調結果) I'm finding that the book is too difficult for me. (強調過程,逐漸感到)
13) Apples cost more these days.(強調事實)
Apples are costing more these days.(越來越貴)
14) He always thinks of others.
He's always thinking of others.(表示贊揚)
15) Whenever I see him, he argues with somebody.(強調兩個動作有先後) Whenever I see him, he is arguing with somebody.(強調兩個動作同時進行)
16) I hope you'll give us some advice.
I'm hoping you'll give us some advice.(表示語氣婉轉)
17) I must go. (我應該去)I must be going.(我該走了)
18) We can discuss this while we eat.(說話是沒用餐)
We can discuss this while we are eating.(進餐已開始)
3. 現在完成時與過去一般時
1) I've seen him this morning.(還在上午的時間里)
I saw him this morning.(時間已不在上午了)
2) Who's opened the window? (窗戶還在開著)
Who opened the window? (與現在無關,窗戶可能已關上)
3) Have you ever heard him sing? (他可能不是愛唱歌)
Did you ever hear him sing?(你曾聽過他唱歌嗎,他可能是歌唱家)
4) Have you ever heard of such a thing? (你聽過這種事嗎)
Did you ever hear of such a thing?(這種事, 你聽說過嗎? 是一個修辭性問題,表示驚異。)
5) What have I done to make you so angry? (對方仍生氣)
What did I do to make you so angry? (暗示某一過去的時間,可能對方已不生氣了。)
6) How has he done it? (他這活乾的怎麼樣?強調結果)
How did he do it?(他是怎麼干這活的?強調幹活的方式)
7) He has lived in New York for eight years. (他仍在紐約)
He lived in New York for eight years.(他可能不在人世了)
8) He has been called a thinker.
He was called a thinker.(他曾被譽為思想家)
9) You've heard what I said. (你聽見我的話了)
You heard what I said.(你是聽見我的話的,口氣嚴厲,具有感情色彩。)
10) I've lost my pen. (筆還沒找到)I lost my pen.(筆可能找到了)
11) He has already been there. (曾去過哪)
He was already there.(當時在哪)
12) Since I have been ill, my friend has visited me every day.(生病還在延續)Since I was ill, my friend has visited me every day. (病已好了)
13) Have you slept well? (暗示疲倦了,休息後是否好些了)
Did you sleep well?(暗示睡的是否舒服,滿意)
4. 過去完成時與過去一般時
1) I came here after I finished middle school.(兩個動作每間隔)
I came here after I had finished middle school.(兩個動作有間隔,強調先後概念)
2) I waited till I saw him.
I waited till I had seen him. (這兩個句子差不多,過去完成時更普遍)
3) We hoped he would come.(我們希望他來)
We had hoped he would come.(我們本希望他來的)
4) I don't think he sang as well as he once did.(指具體一次)
I don't think he sang as well as he had once done.(泛指以前,現在可能不唱了)
5) Before I came here, I was a soldier.(我來此以前在當兵)
Before I came here, I had been a soldier.(我來此以前,曾當過兵)
6) Jim said he didn't know he was so strong.(表示Jim在說話時仍很結實) Jim said he didn't know he had been so strong.(表示在Jim說話之前曾結實過)
7) They were friends from many years.(表示現在還是朋友)
They had been friends for many years.(意味這友誼結束了)
8) He did the work at 6.(強調時間)
He had done the work at 6. (6點工作已做完)
9) I learned French ring my holiday.(強調學了)
I had learned French ring my holiday. (強調學會了)
10) When she sang she sat down.(表示唱著坐下)
When she had sung she sat down.(表示唱完坐下)
11) I went to bed when I did my homework.(不明確)
I went to bed when I had done my homework.(作業做完)
12) I have lived here since I was a child.(從我長大成人)
I have lived here since I had a child.(從我孩提時)
5. 過去進行時與過去一般時
1) I read a book yesterday. (書已看完)
I was reading a book yesterday.(書尚未看完)
2) The guests arrived.(客人已到)
The guests were arriving.(客人陸續到達)
3) He woke from a dream. (表示全醒)
He was waking from a dream.(表示初醒)
4) The old man died.(已死) The old man was dying.(要死)
5) John told me about it.(告訴我了,我都知道了)
John was telling me about it.(跟我談起過,我想了解更多的事情)
6) They persuaded me to go along with them.(已經說服)
They were persuading me to go along with them.(還在勸說)
7) The wind blew hard all night.(強調事實)
The wind was blowing hard all night.(強調風刮個不停)
8) I expected you. I was expecting you.(客氣,表示可能等了很舊了)
9) He knocked at the door.(強調一次性)
He was knocking at the door.(強調多次性)
6. 將來一般時與現在進行時
1) Will he come? Is he coming?(時間發生的比較近)
2) How long will you stay hear? (表示意願)
How long will you stay here?(表示打算)
3) She'll have a baby. (表示肯定)
She's going to have a baby.(表示推測,計劃)
4) I'll see him this evening.(表示意願)
I'm seeing him this evening.(表示打算,已有安排)
7. 現在一般時與過去一般式
1) Do you wish to see me?
Did you wish to see me?(表示婉轉客氣)
2) That's all I have to say.(我的話就這些)
That's all I had to say.(我要說的就這些)
3) How do you like the film? (看電影過程中)
How did you like the film?(看完電影後)
4) It is nice to see you.(見面時說)
It was so nice to see you.(離別時說)
5) I never like him. (沒時間性)
I never liked him.(從來沒喜歡過)
6) I think I know that voice.(沒見客人時)
I thought I know that voice.(見到客人時,證明自己正確或錯誤)
7) Who is that? (哪人還在)
Who was that?(人已不在場了)
8) This cake is made at home. (家裡常做這種蛋糕)
This cake was made at home.(這種蛋糕是自家做的)
8.現在完成時與現在完成進行時
1) Someone has phoned you.(打了電話)
Someone has been phoning you.(一直在打電話)
2) I've read the novel.(已讀完)
I've been reading the novel.(還沒讀完)
3) He has lived here for six weeks.
e has been living here for six weeks. (區別不大,後者更口語化)
4) Have you met her lately?
Have you been meeting her lately?(強調動作的重復,經常見面)
5) Who's eaten my apples? ( 蘋果沒有了)
Who's been eating my apples?(有感情色彩,表示憤怒不滿)
9.現在一般時與過去完成時
1) I hope that he'll come.
I had hoped he would come.(與事實相反)
(經常這樣用的詞有:expect, think, intend, mean, suppose)
Ⅶ 英語語法有幾種時態
常用的有八種, 現在完成時總共有十六種。分別是:一般現在時、一般內過去時、現在進行容時、過去進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、一般將來時、過去將來時、將來完成時、過去將來完成時、將來進行時、過去將來進行時、現在完成進行時、過去完成進行時、將來完成進行時、過去將來完成進行時。