A. 七年級英語語法介詞列表及用法
一.時間介詞的用法辨析1.時間介詞in、on、at、by的用法辨析
A.介詞in用來表示一天中某段時間,指天、年、月、季節、周次等。如:in the morning
B.介詞on用來表示某一天或星期幾,指明具體的時間。如:on a rainy day
C.介詞at用來表示特定的時間、節日、年齡等。如:at noon
D.介詞by表示…的時候、到、等到…已經等用在天、時間的前面。如:by 2 o『clock
2.時間介詞in與after 的用法辨析
A.介詞in + 一段時間用於一般將來時。如:We』ll go to school in two weeks.
B.介詞after + 一段時間用於一般過去時。如:My mother came home after half an hour.
C.介詞after + 時間點常用於一般將來時。如:We』ll go out for a walk after supper.
3.時間介詞for與since的用法辨析
A.介詞for 表示一段時間如:I have been living here for 10 years.
B.介詞since 表示從過去某一時間以來如:I have been living here since 2000.
4.時間介詞ring與for的用法辨析
A.當所指的時間起止分明時用介詞ring如:He swims every day ring the summer.
B.如果一段時間不明確則用介詞for如:I haven』t seen her for years.
5.時間介詞before與by的用法辨析
A.介詞before表示「在…之前」如:He won』t come back before five .
B.介詞by表示「到…時為止,不遲於…」如:The work must be finished by Friday.
6.時間介詞till與until用法的異同
A.till和until用在肯定句中,均可表示「直到…為止」,如:I will wait till(until)seven o'clock.
B.till和until用在否定句中,均可表示「在…以前」或「直到…才」。
如:Tom didn't come back till(until)midnight.
C.till多用於普通文體,而 until則用於多種文體,並且在句子開頭時,用until而不用till。
如:Until he comes back,nothing can be done.
7.不用介詞表達時間的幾種情況
A.當表示時間的詞前有this, that時,其前面不用介詞,如:this morning
B.當表示時間的詞前有next時,其前面不用介詞,如:next Sunday
C.當表示時間的詞前有last時,其前面不用介詞,如:last Sunday
D.當表示時間的詞前有one, any, each, every, some或all時,其前面不用介詞,如:You can come any day.
二.方位介詞與地點介詞的用法辨析1.方位介詞on, over, above的用法辨析
A.介詞on表示一物放在另一物上面,兩者緊貼在一起,如:The book is on the table.
B.介詞over表示一種垂直懸空的上下關系,即「在…上方」,如:Is there any bridge over the river?
C.介詞above表示一般的「高於…」,「在…之上」,如:There was an electric clock above his bed.
2.方位介詞under與below的用法辨析
A.介詞under是over的反義詞即「在…下方」,如:They were seen under the tree.
B.介詞below是above的反義詞即「低於…」,「在…之下」,如:They live below us.
3.方位介詞across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
A.介詞across著重於「從一頭或一邊到另一頭或另一邊」,強調從表面穿過。
如:She went across the street to make some purchases.
B.介詞through著重於「穿越」,強調從一定的空間內穿過。
如:The sunlight was coming in through the window.
C.介詞over多表示從「上方越過」,如:He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
D.介詞past表示從「面前經過」,如:Someone has just gone past the window.
4.方位介詞in、on、at的用法辨析
A.介詞in表示「排、行、組」,如:We are in Team One.
B.介詞on表示「左、右」,如:Li Ping is on my left.
C.介詞at表示「前、後」,如:I sit at the front of the classroom.
5.方位介詞to、for的用法辨析
A.介詞to表示目的地或去的目的,如:Wil you take a train to Tianjian.
B.介詞for表示動身去某地,如:He got on a train for Shanghai.
6.地點介詞at與in的用法辨析
A.介詞at表示較小的地方,如家、村、鄉村等,如:He lives at a small village.
B.介詞in表示較大的地方,如大城市、國家、洲等,如:He lives in Beijing.
7.地點介詞at與on的用法辨析
A.介詞at用於門牌號,如:He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road.
B.介詞on用於路名,如:He lives on Nanjing Road.
8.地點介詞in、on、to的用法辨析
A.介詞in表示「包含」如:Beijing is in the north of China.
B.介詞on表示「緊鄰」如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S.
C.介詞to表示「沒接觸」如:France lies to the south of England.
三.其他易混介詞的用法辨析1.動作介詞to與toward的用法辨析
A.介詞to表示向某處移動,如:They were driving to work together.
B.介詞toward 表示移向某處,如:We're moving toward the light.
2.原因介詞because、as、for的用法辨析
A.介詞because表示「因為;由於」指直接的、明確的原因,用來回答why的問句,語氣最強。
如:The boy was absent because he was ill.
B.介詞as表示「由於;鑒於」指一種顯而易見、談話雙方已知的理由。
如:She stayed at home as she had no car.
C.介詞for表示 「因為;由於」指一種間接原因,甚至只是一種附帶的說明。
如:It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.
3.材料介詞of和from的用法
A.介詞of用於成品與材料的性質不變時,如:The desk is made of wood.
B.介詞from用於成品與材料的性質已變時,如:Wine is made from grapes.
4.表示「用」的介詞in、with、by的用法辨析
A.介詞in表示「用材料、語言」如:Can you say it in English?
B.介詞with表示「用工具、某物」如:with a pen
C.介詞by表示「用、以、靠、通過…方法」如:He prefers traveling by car.
5.介詞between與among的用法辨析
A.介詞between 表示「在兩者之間」如:Don』t sit between the two girls.
B.介詞among表示「在…當中(三者或以上)」如:They lived among the mountains in the past.
6.介詞besides與except的用法辨析
A.介詞besides表示「除…之外(全部計算在內)
B. 七年級下冊英語所有語法
at six o'clock 鍾點 atlunch time 用餐來
at christmas節日 in the afternoon 一天中源某段時間
on ty 值日 li is time to...該是。。。。。。的時候了。 have a good time 玩得高興
希望能幫助你,還有許多呢!打不完。
C. 七年級英語,各種介詞的用法。
一、on
1、on是根據事物發生和存在所依靠的基礎這一用法,由此引申為「根據,按照」,與之連用的詞一般是表示忠告、規則、命令、指示、協議、建議、原理的名詞。
2、on則具體說明哪一天的上午或下午,如on Monday morning,on a summer's day。
3、on一般表示與江〔河,湖,海〕岸或鐵路線呈線狀的地點相接觸,含有「鄰接,瀕臨」的意思。
4、on表示在某范圍之外,兩者之間一般互相連接。
5、on表地點時,指某物與另一物表面相接觸,或與某地方接壤等;表時間時,指在某一天或某一天的某個時間,尤指在星期幾。
二、in
1、in指「依據」時,僅見於與eye,opinion,view等表示觀點的名詞或order,sequence等表示順序的名詞連用,還見於in law,in practice,in theory等短語中。
2、in則表示從現在時間算起推移到將來的一段時間之後,一般與將來時態連用。
3、in往往強調人或事物所處的位置或環境,因而常與單數名詞或著重於整體環境的集體名詞連用。
4、in表地點時,指在某一立體空間范圍內;表時間時,指一段時間或與年、月、季節時間連用。
三、at
1、at通常指確切的某個時刻,如at six o'clock。
2、at通常指整個的節〔假〕日,不只指一天,如at Easter 在復活節,at Christmas 在聖誕節。
3、at表地點時,指空間位置上的某一點;表時間時,指在時間上的某一時刻。
四、with
1、在with的前面加away,down等詞時,可作為不用動詞的命令格式。
2、by同with的比較:兩者都可以表示某人怎麼去做某事,只是使用的途徑不一樣。使用by時,多半是指通過某一種行為去得到結果。
3、with則是通過使用某種工具或者物體去得到結果。
4、一般來說,without可以同時被用作是by和with的反義詞,去表達相反的意思。by還可以與交通工具連用,如by bus,by train。在被動句中,by常用於介紹「產生行為的人或物」。
5、with後的賓語後所接的形容詞,過去分詞或名詞都可作表語。
五、by
1、by在表示時間時,常與動詞的一般時、將來時、完成時或將來完成時連用。作「在…時候」解時,常用於byday〔night〕短語中。
2、by表示方式(除作「抓住…」解時)或原因後接名詞時,名詞前通常不加冠詞。
3、by表示方式作「憑著」解時,其後常接反身代詞,作「乘」解時,後接交通工具,其前不加冠詞。
4、by表示比率作「以…為單位」解時,常與表示單位的名詞或數詞連用,名詞前常用定冠詞,作「…比…」解時,用於兩個數字之間表示面積。
D. 七年級下冊英語語法知識人教版
1,,, http://wenku..com/view/96ed37225901020207409c2b.html12, 七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。
四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let』s see the pandas first.
11.They』re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
E. 英語七年級下冊語法!全部!
樓主,您好 Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from? 一.短語: 1.be from = come from 來自於---- 2. live in 居住在--- 3. on weekends 在周末 4.write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人 5.in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國 6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目 7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約 8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎 9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動 二.重點句式: 1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live? 3 What language(s) does he speak? 4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself. 7 Can you write to me soon? 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。 1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English 5 the United States------ American---- English 6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish Unit 2 Where』s the post office? 一. Asking ways: (問路) 1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡? 2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎? 3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢? 4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎? 5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路? 二.Showing the ways: (指路) 1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。 2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。 3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。 4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。 5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形) 三.片語 1. across from ……在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面 2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市 3. between……and……在……和……之間 between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間 among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間 4. in front of……在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 課室前面有棵樹。 in the front of……在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 課室內的前部有張桌子。 5. behind……在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面 6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐 on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊 on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊 7. go straight 一直走 8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街 9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近 10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到…… 11. take /have a walk 散步 12. the beginning of…………的開始,前端 at the beginning of……在……的開始,前端 in the beginning 起初,一開始 13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快 我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday. 14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 15. take a taxi 坐計程車 16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家 arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank. reach +地方 17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路 go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林 18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street 三.重難點解析 1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事 I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。 到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。 2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。 hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。 (從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。) 3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。 If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。 四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對 1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears? 一.重點片語 eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals at night in the day every day ring the day 二. 交際用語 1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever. 2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting. 3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa. 4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too. Why? Because they』re friendly and clever. 5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass. 6. She』s very shy. 7. He is from Australia. 8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 10.Let』s see the pandas first. 11.They』re kind of interesting. 12.What other animals do you like? 13.Why do you want to see the lions? 三. 重點難點釋義 1、kind of 有點,稍微 Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。 kind 還有「種類」的意思 如:各種各樣的 all kinds of We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school. 2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲 China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。 There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa. 3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的 它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。 The people in Cheng are very friendly. 4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起 I usually play chess with my father. 注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時, 如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如: My father and I usually play chess together. Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」 I often play with my pet dog. Don』t play with water! 5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。 通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。 Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night. 6、leaf n. 葉子 復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等。 7、hour n. 小時;點鍾 hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」,即:an hour。 There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour. 8、be from 來自… be from = come from Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China. 9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修 飾,即:much meat He eats much meat every day. 10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。 There is much grass on the playground. 四. 語法知識 特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。 特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況: 1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如: What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少? Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰? Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節? When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴? Where does he live? 他住在哪兒? How are you? 你好嗎? How old are you? 你多大了? How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹? 2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如: Who is on ty today? 今天誰值日? Which man is your teacher? 哪位男士是你的老師? 我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。 例如: I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢? What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣? Unit 4 I want to be an actor. 一.短語: 1 want to do sth 想要作某事 2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人 3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home. 4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home 5 in the day 在白天 6 at night 在晚上 7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話 8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher. 9 in a hospital 在醫院l 10 work/ study hard 努力工作 11 Evening Newspaper 晚報 二.重點句式及注意事項: 1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式 ① What + is / are + sb? ② What + does/ do + sb + do? ③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job? 2 People give me their money or get their money from me. 3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night. 4 I like talking to people. 5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners. 6 Where does your sister work? 7 then we have a job for you as a waiter. 8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter. 9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends? 10 We are an international school for children of 5-12. 三. 本單元中的名詞復數。 1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves 謝謝採納!
F. 我需要人教版七年級英語下冊各單元的所有片語,句型,語法,是我老師要我們收集的,多者得到所有的財富值
句子成分
一 定義
組成句子的各個部分叫句子成分。句子成分在英語的學習過程中有著舉足輕重的作用。如果說詞彙是磚,那麼句子成分就如建築的框架結構 。掌握好該部分對整個英語的學習起著事半功倍的效果。英語的句子成分包括主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語、同位語。
(一) 主語:(subject) 是一個句子的主題( theme), 是句子句子主要說明的人或事物。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主語的有單詞、短語、從句乃至句子。
1.名詞作主語。
The man is a doctor.
那個男的是醫生
2.代詞用作主語。
He told a joke but it fell flat.
他說了個笑話,但沒有引人發笑
3.數詞用作主語。
One is enough.
一個就夠了。
4.名詞化的形容詞用作主語。(常見的名詞化的形容詞the old ,the young , the rich ,the poor 等,一般情況下它們作主語謂語用復數)。
The old are happy .
老人們很幸福。
5.不定式用作主語。
To see is to believe.
眼見為實。
[特別提醒]:為避免句子頭重腳輕,常用it 做形式主語,真正的主語放在句尾。
It is important for us to achieve our dream.
對我們來說 ,實現我們的夢想很重要。
6. 動名詞用作主語。
Smoking is bad for you.
吸煙對你有害。
7.從句作主語。
That you are late for class is impolite.
你上課遲到是不禮貌的。
What you said is right .
你說的是對的。
特別提醒:1.that引導主語從句時, that不可省。
2. 在there be 句型中主語位於be之後。
There are 30 boys in the room.
房子里有30個男孩。
(二 )謂語
謂語是說明主語的動作、狀態或特徵。為方便初學者掌握, 我們按動詞的類別來看謂語的組成,一般可分為五類:
1.不及物動詞(vi.)作謂語。
The sun rises.
太陽升起來。
This medicine works.
這葯有效。
2.及物動詞( vt.)作謂語。
We love China.
我們愛中國。
Tom visited the Great Wall last year.
湯母去年參觀了長城。
He spent one hour finishing the task.
他花了一小時完成這個任務。
特別提醒:實義動詞分為及物和不及物兩大類。在詞彙表中以vt. ,vi.形式呈現。及物動詞後必須跟賓語,不及物動詞後則不能。在記憶動詞時 ,要用熟悉它們及物與否, 這對以後高中定語從句的學習也很重要。
3.系動詞加表語聯合作謂語。
He is a boy.
他是個男孩。
I feel happy.
我感幸福。
The food tastes good.
這食物嘗起來不錯。
註:常見的系表結構有:fall ill, fall asleep , turn red, go bad, go wrong , stay warm, keep quiet,等。一般情況下,系動詞後常跟形容詞作表語。但be動詞不受此限制,具體的表語再述。
4.情態動詞加動詞原型作謂語。
The little boy can speak English.
這個小男孩能說英語。
5.助動詞加動詞原型作謂語。
They didn』t solve the problem last night.
他們昨晚沒解決這問題。
( 三)賓語(object)
賓語表示動作行為的對象,跟在及物動詞或及物短語之後,不同的動詞後面跟不同的賓語 ,主要可分為簡單賓語、 雙賓語和復合賓語三類。
I.簡單賓語:能作簡單賓語的有名詞、代詞、數詞、動詞不定式、動名詞 、從句等。
1.名詞作賓語。
I love the world.
我愛這世界。
2.代詞作賓語。
She always helps me.
她總是幫我。
3.數詞作賓語。
We need five.
我需要五個。
4.動詞不定式作賓語。
The girl wants to go shopping.
這女孩想購物。
5.動名詞作賓語。
The students enjoy singing.
學生們喜歡唱歌。
6.從句作賓語。
I know (that) you are a good kid.
我知道你是個好孩子。
She told me what I should do.
她告訴我應該做的。
II.雙賓語:有些及物動詞可以帶兩個賓語,往往一個指人,一個指物,指人的叫間接賓語 (direct object),指物的叫直接賓語(indirect object)。
He gave me some ink.
他給了我一點墨水。
They buy us some books.
他們給我們買了一些書。
I teach them English.
我教他們英語
常見帶雙賓語的動詞有:
第一類:give, lend, bring, send, return, pass, write, show, hand, teach等。
第二類:buy, get, fetch, make, sing, draw等。
間接賓語在句中通常位於直接賓語之前,但有時間接賓語也可以位於直接賓語之後,這時間接賓語前面須加介詞to,表示動作對誰做的,或加介詞for,表示動作為誰做的。一般來說,第一類動詞後的間接賓語可以換為由to引起的短語,第二類動詞之後的間接賓語可換為由for引起的短語。
He gave some ink to me. 他給了我一點墨水。
Please made a model ship for her. 請給她做一艘模型船。
〔教你巧學巧記〕
巧記帶雙賓語的動詞
帶雙賓語的及物動詞,如果把直接賓語置於間接賓語之前,必須在變換時加「to」或「for」。這11個及物動詞可以概括為下邊兩句話,讀起來妙趣橫生,效果很好。
「七給」一「帶」to不少,
「買」「畫」「製作」for來了。
說明:「七給」(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和「帶」(bring)8個及物動詞,在直接賓語前置時,必須在後面加上「to」。即:「vt. +sth.+to+sb.」
「buy」(買),「draw」(畫),「make」(製作)三個動詞,在直接賓語前置時,則必須在後。
III. 復合賓語:有些及物動詞的賓語後面還需要有一個補足語,意思才完整,賓語和它的補足語構成復合賓語。該部分在補語詳述。
I find the water in the river very dirty.
我發現河裡的水很臟。
[特別提醒] 為避免句子頭重腳輕,常用it 做形式賓語,真正的賓語放在句尾。
I find it hard to make ends meet.
我發現我的錢不夠花。
(四)表語:表語是謂語的一部分,它位於系動詞之後,說明主語身份、特徵、屬性或狀態。在be動詞之後可由名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語 、從句等充當。在其他系動詞之後主要由形容詞充當。
1.名詞作表語。
I』m a teacher.
我是個老師。
Jim turned teacher.
Jim became a teacher.
吉姆成了醫生
特別提醒:turn跟單數的可數名詞不用冠詞,become後則必須用。
2.代詞作表語。
This car is mine.
這車是我的
3.形容詞作表語。
The weather is fine today.
今天天氣好。
His face turned red.
他的臉變紅了。
4.副詞作表語。
Nobody is in
沒有人在。
5.不定式作表語。
To protect the earth is to protect ourselves.
保護地球就是保護我們自己。
6.介詞短語作表語。
I』m in danger.
我在危險中。
7.從句作表語。
The reason why I was late for class is that I miss the first bus.
我上課遲到的原因是我錯過了頭班車。
She didn』t studied hard, that』s why she failed to pass the exam.
她不努力學習,那是她為何考試失敗的原因。
(五) 定語:在句中修飾名詞或代詞的成分叫定語。用作定語的主要是形容詞、代詞、數詞、動詞不定式、v-ing、過去分詞、介詞短語、從句等。形容詞、代詞、數詞、名詞、單個的v-ing作定語時,通常放在被修飾的詞前面。
1.形容詞作定語。
The new teacher is easygoing.
這位新老師很隨和。
2.人稱、指示代詞作定語。
My friend will come.
我的朋友會來。
This book is mine.
這本書是我的。
3.名詞作定語。
The bike shop is around the corner.
自行車在拐角處。
4.數詞作定語。
I need five books.
我需要五本書。
5.動詞不定式作定語。
The first one to come is Lily.
第一個來的是李里=利。
6.V-ing、V-ing短語作定語。
The reading room attracts many students everyday.
閱覽室每天吸引很多學生。
The dog standing in the rain is barking.
站在雨中的狗正在叫。
7.過去分詞及過去分詞短語作定語。
The fallen leaves look like little boats dancing in the wind.
落葉看起來像小船在風中飄舞。
The girl named Rose often surfs the Internet.
名叫羅思的女孩常常上網。
8.介詞短語作定語。
People in trouble are in great need of help.
困境中的人們很需要幫助。
9.從句作定語。
The lady who is in red is my niece.
穿紅衣的女孩是我侄女。
(六) 狀語
修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分,叫做狀語。用作狀語的通常是副詞、介詞短語、不定式和從句等。
1.副詞作狀語。
Please listen to me carefully.
請仔細聽我講。
This method is very useful。
這個方法很有用。
2.介詞短語作狀語。
Smith lived in Paris .
史密斯過去住巴黎。
3.不定式作狀語。
To make a living , he works hard.
為了謀生,他努力工作。
4.從句作狀語。
When I was a child , I wanted to be a scientist.
當我還是個小孩子, 我想成為一名科學家。
(七)補語:用在有些及物動詞的賓語後面補充說明賓語的內容和狀態,以求意思完整,賓語和它的補語構成復合賓語。初高中常考的能跟補語的動詞有 make、 find、 leave、 keep 等 。
1.名詞作補語。
We make him our monitor.
我們讓他當班長。
2.形容詞作補語。
His success made us happy.
他的成功讓我們高興。
Leave the door open.
3.現在分詞作補語。
Don』t keep the water running when you brush your teeth.
當你刷牙時,別讓水流著。
4.過去分詞作補語。
I found myself surrounded by the bees.
我不知不覺被蜜蜂包圍了 。
5. 介詞作補語。
They found themselves in a difficult situation.
他們發現他們陷入困境。
6.動詞原型作補語。
Let me help you.
讓我來幫你。
7.不定式作補語。
You can ask your teacher to give you some advice.
你可以請老師給你一些建議。
〔教你巧學巧記〕
句子成分巧劃分
英語簡單句共有五種基本句型。成千上萬個英語句子都是這五種句型擴大或縮小演變而形成的。英語句子成分的劃分方法與漢語大小相同,尤其是謂語部分更復雜。因為英語動詞有四大類,而且各類動詞的功能也不盡相同。下面我們就劃分英語句子成分的方法,利用口訣加實例的形式進行綜述:
主在前、謂在中、賓語、狀語後面沖①。
短語定語主賓後,形、代定語主賓前②。
間賓直賓緊相依,直、間之間to、for連③。
賓補位於賓語後,地狀常在時間前④。
例1. I have English class on Monday.
主語(在句首) 謂語(在句子中間) 賓語 狀語(在句子末尾)
上述句子成分的劃分用上了第①句口訣,結合上述句子剖析口訣①:
(A)主在前:指主語常位於一個句子的前面(即句首);
(B)謂在中:指謂語常位於一個句子的中間(尤其指主要謂語動詞);
(C)賓語、狀語後面沖:指賓語、狀語位於句子的尾部,好像打仗兵、卒在後面沖一樣。
例2. Our politics teacher often tells us
(物主代詞作)定語 主語 (副詞作)狀語 謂 (人作)間賓
a story about Comrade LeiFeng On Saturday.
(事物作)直賓(介詞短語作後置)定語 狀語
上面這個句子成分的劃分用上了口訣第②句和第③句,現將這兩句口訣解釋如下:
(A)短語定語主賓後:指介詞短語或其他短語在句子作定語常放在主語或賓語的後面。如上句中的about Comrade LeiFeng作定語就是 story的後面。
(B)形、代定語主賓前:指形容詞、代詞作定語常位於一個句子的主語或賓語的前面。如上句中的our這個形容詞性物主代詞就放在politics teacher 前面作定語。
(C)句中our這個形容詞性物主代詞就放在politics teacher前面作定語。
(D)間賓直賓緊相依:指某些動詞後面常接兩個賓語(即直接賓語和間接賓語)。在通常情況下,表示人的名詞或代詞作間賓,表示物的名詞或代詞作直賓。而且在結構上間賓後面緊接著是直賓,中間不用任何詞。如果強調直接賓語,則可以把直賓調到間賓之前。這時,直賓後面要加上介詞to或for再接間賓,這就叫「直、間之間to、for連」。如:
例3. He gave some money to me.
主 謂 定 直賓 間賓
ChenHua asked us to watch a volleyball match
主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語
in the Capital Stadium next Sunday.
地點狀語(位於時間狀語之前) 時間狀語
上述句子成分的劃分用上了第④句口訣。現將這句口訣解釋如下:
(A)賓補位於賓語後:指賓語的補足語常常位於賓語的後面,如上句中的to watch a volleyball match位於賓語us之後作補足語。
(B)地狀常在時狀前:指地點狀語常常在時間狀語的前面,如上句中的in the Capital Stadium就是放在next Sunday之前。
例4. This boy is my brother.
主語 系 + 表語(謂語)
上述句子中含有連系詞,「連系動詞+表語」構成謂語,這是一個特定結構。
第二節 句子的類型
一 簡單句:由一個主語(或並列主語)和一個謂語或(並列謂語)構成的句子。英語的簡單句主要有五種類型。
(一)主語+謂語 (S +Vi)
Birds fly.
鳥飛翔。
(二)主語+謂語+賓語(S + V t +O)
We love China.
我們愛中國。
(三)主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(S + V t + O i + O d )
He gave me a hand yesterday.
他昨天幫了我。
(四)主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補語(S + V t + O + O c)
The boss asks the girl to go abroad.
老闆叫那個女孩出國。
The player made us laugh.
那個演員讓我們笑了。
(五)主語+系動詞+表語(S+V-link +P)
Ms Xiong is very beautiful.
熊女士很漂亮。
二.並列句:由連詞and ,but ,so however, therefore, while 等連接兩個或兩個以上的的簡單句而構成的句子。
He loves English and I loves English, too.
他喜歡英語, 我也喜歡英語。
I know the news ,but I don』t want to tell him.
我知道那個消息, 但是我不想告訴他。
He is in trouble now, so you should help him.
他現在陷入困境了, 你應該幫助他。
[特別提醒]
在用英語表達時,句與句之間必須有恰當的關聯詞。不能讓兩個句子孤零零的放在那裡。
對:Lily always works hard, so she win the first place every term.
錯:Lily always works hard, she win the first place every term.
三 復合句:含有從句的句子就叫復合句。由從屬連詞引出的句子是從句,與從句相對的是主句。根據從句在句中的作用,從句可分為名詞性從句,
(主語從句,表語從句,賓語從句,同位語從句),形容詞從句(定語從句),副詞性從句(狀語從句)。
What I told you is important.我告訴你的事情很重要。
主語從句
主句
People say that tomorrow is another day.人們都說明天又是新的一天。
賓語從句
主句
That』s why you go.那是為什麼你離開。
表語從句
主句
The news that he is a king is still unknown to everyone here.
同位語從句
這兒的每個人都不知道他是個國王的事情。
主句
God helps those who help themselves. 天助者自助之。
定語從句
主句
Because he was ill, he didn』t go to school.
原因狀語從句 主句
因為他病了 ,所以他沒有去上學。
四 並列復合句:並列句中含有從句的句子。
I know the news that his father was fired ,but I don』t want to tell him.
我知道他父親被炒的事情,但我不想告訴他。
第三節 句子的種類
一.陳述句 說明一個事實或者陳述說話人的看法通常用降調,句末用句號。英語的句號是一個點「.」陳述句分為肯定句和否定句兩種。
肯定句 We can go there.
我們能去那兒。
否定句 we can』t go there.
我們不能去那兒。
二. 疑問句
1. 一般疑問句 以be, have,情態動詞或助動詞開始,通常要求用yes或no回答,有時也可用certainly , perhaps , not at all等回答。 句子通常用升調。
Are you ready?
你准備好了嗎?
Do you love dogs?
你愛狗嗎?
Have you ever been to Shanghai?
你去過上海嗎?
2. 特殊疑問句:以疑問代詞who, whom, whose, which, what和疑問副詞when, where, why, how以及how引出的片語 how many, how long 等開頭的句子,不能用yes或no來回答,讀降調。
When shall we go?
我們什麼時候去?
What do you do?
你干什麼工作?
How many people are there in your family?
你家有多少人?
3. 選擇疑問句:提出兩個(或多個)選項看哪一個是正確的句子,兩部分(或多部分)由or連接,or前的部分讀升調,or後的部分讀降調。Or可連接兩個(或多個)表語、賓語、狀語、謂語動詞或分詞,不能用yes或no來回答,語序為一般疑問句。
-- Are you a student or a teacher?
你是老師還是學生?
--I 『m a teacher.
我是老師。
4.反義疑問句:提出情況或看法,問對方是否同意的句子,一般由兩部分組成:「肯定的陳述句,+否定的簡略句」或「否定的陳述句+肯定的簡略問句」陳述句的部分通常為降調,簡略問句的語調有兩種:當說話者對稱述部分表述懷疑時用升調,當說話者堅信陳述部分是事實時用降調;用yes 或no回答。
--You went to school yesterday ,didn』t you?
你昨天上學去了,對吧?
--Yes, I did./No , I didn』t.
不,我去了 。/對, 我沒去。
--It isn』t yours, is it?
他不是你的,是吧?
--Yes, it is ./No, it isn』t.
不,是我的。/是的,不是我的。
[特別提醒]
1. 陳述部分含有no ,hardly, never, little, few等含有否定意義的詞時,其後的簡略部分不用否定。(不包括帶有否定意義的前後綴的詞,如dislike ,unfair等)
The boy has few friends, does he?
這個男孩沒有朋友,對吧?
Mary dislikes singing, doesn』t she?
瑪麗不喜歡唱歌 ,是嗎?
2.祈使句的反義疑問句。
Let』s go out to play, shall we?
我們出去玩,好嗎?
Let us go fishing, will you ?
去釣魚,好嗎 ?
3.如果主句的謂語是think, suppose, believe, imagine, expect, feel等且
主語為第一稱或第二人稱時簡略問句僅有肯定或否定是與主句相對應,而主語和時態等卻要與賓語從句一致:
I don』t think he can come back , can he?
我想他不能回來,是嗎?
三. 祈使句:表示請求、命令、叮囑、號召等,謂語動詞用原形;祈使句一般都讀降調;句末用 「!」或 「.」
Come here, please!
請過來!
Don』t laugh at others.
不要嘲笑他人。
四.感嘆句: 表示喜怒哀樂等情緒,句末用感嘆號「!」;讀降調;多用what或how引起;what用來修飾一個名詞;how修飾一個形容詞、副詞或動詞:
What a nice lake it is!
那是一個多美的湖啊!
What fine weather it is!
多好的天氣呀!
How clever the kid is!
這個小傢伙多聰明哈!
How nice a lake it is!
多美的湖啊!
How well she dances!
她跳得多好!
How he loved his family!
他多麼愛他的家!
走 向高考
1. (2007北京卷)You have failed two tests. You』d better start working harder, ____you won』t pass the course.
A.and B. so C. but D. or
答案:D
譯:你已經兩科掛了,你最好還是開始努力學習,否則你又過不了。 析:or連接的並列從句。
2. (2007北京卷) When you』ve finished with that book, don』t forget to put it back one the shelf, ____?
A. do you B. don』t you C. will you D. won』t you
答案:C
譯:你讀完那本書後,別忘了把它放回書架,好嗎?
析:祈使句的反義疑問句。
3. (2007湖南卷) Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _______the way they actually are.
A. as B. or C. but D. and
答案:C
譯:事實不是你想像的,也不是它表面的那樣的,而是他本來的樣子。
析:but連接的並列從句。
練
G. 七年級下冊英語語法 全部
1.send sb sth=send sth to sb
lie in the sun 躺在陽光下
different + 名詞復數
get dressed 穿衣服
see you soon=see you later
2.what happening = what's wrong = what's the matter(with sb)
decorate...with...用···裝飾····
不定代詞作主語,謂語動詞用三單
具體到某一天用on
be interesting in....對···感興趣
3.look forward to doing sth期待干某事
enjoy + oneself=have a good time
4.care for....照料;照顧
5.what's the population of sp = how many people are there in +sp
on the coast 在海岸上
6.leave...for...離開。。。去。。。
介詞遇到副詞,介詞要省略 如:go home
how也可用來提問副詞或形容詞
too=also=either too前後都有標點,用於肯定句,either與too一樣用於句末,前後都有標點,但either用於否定句 also用於句中,do ,be後面實意動詞前面
7.far from...離。。遠
the best way to do sth 干某事最好的方法
close to...離。。。近 = next to
it's best (for sb)to do sth(某人)做某事最好
lose one's way迷路 on the way to在。。。的路上
8.there be.....to do有。。。可以做(有。。。要做)
there be ...doing 有。。正在做
with water for fish 有水養魚
9.finish=eat up
get lost = be lost
decide to do sth 決定干某事
begin with 一。。。。開始
(由於太多,所以,沒有回答得很全面,因為我們只學到第九模塊,所以。。。。 多多包涵,希望對你有幫助(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……
H. 人教版七年級英語下冊重點短語總匯,語法總結。
人教版新目標英語七年級(下)各單元知識概要
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一、片語
be from= come form 來自...
pen pal=pen friend 筆友
like and dislike 好惡;愛憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 講英語
play sports 做體育運動
a little French 一些法語
go to the movies 去看電影
an action movie 一部動作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 對不起,打擾
get to 到達、抵達
beginning of 在...開始的時候
at the end of 在...結束的時候
arrive at /
二、句型
(1)、Where主 +be+主語+from?
主語+be+from+地點.
(2)、Where do/does+主語+live?
主語+live/lives in…
(3)、What language do/does +主語+speak?
主語+speak/speaks….
(4)、主語+like/likes+doing…
三、日常交際用語
1-Where is your pen pal from?
-He』s from China.
2-Where does she live?
--She lives in Tokyo.
3-Does she speak English?
-Yes,she does/No,she dosen』t.
4-Is that your new pen pal?
-Yes,he is /No,he isn』t.
5-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where』s the post office
一、片語
post office 郵局
pay phone 投幣式公用電話
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...對面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之間
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右邊/在左邊
on one』s right/left 在某人的右邊/左邊
turn right/left 向右/左轉
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得開心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的/乘計程車
go down(along)…沿著...走
go through...穿過...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes,there is .It』s on Centre Street.
No,there isn』t.
(2)、Where』s the sumpermarket?
It』s next to the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy後接名詞或動詞-ing形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交際用語
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No.there isn』t
(2)、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please?
-It』s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I』m sorry I don』t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地點? 句型.例如:
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地點?句型.例如:
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地點?句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、片語
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
kind of 有幾分\種類
a kind of 一種…
…years old …年齡 如:ten years old 十歲
like to do sth 喜歡做某事
like doing sth
play with … 與...一起玩
be quiet 安靜
ring the day 在白天
at night 在夜間
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一個...另一個...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they』re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交際用語
(1)、-Let』s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don』t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名詞的復數.表示沒有特定的數量范圍
the other+名詞的復數表示有特定的數量范圍.
(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、片語
want to be+職業 想要成為。。。
shop assistant 店員
bank clerk 銀行職員
work with 與。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 為。。。而工作
work as 作為。。而工作
get.. from…從。。。獲得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物給某人
正確的表示:give it/them to sb.
錯誤的表示:give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜間
talk to /with 與…講話
go out to dinners 外出吃飯
in a hospital 在醫院
newspaper reporter 報社記者
movie actor 電影演員
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例:-What do you do?-I』m a student.
-What dose he do? He』s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn』t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn』t
(6)-英語中詢問職業的幾種表達方式:
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What』s one』s job?例:What』s your father』s job?
Unit 5 I』m watching TV.
一、片語
do homework 做家庭作業
watch TV 看電視
eat dinner 吃飯;就餐
clean the room 打掃房間
read newspaper/a book 看報紙/看書
go to the movies 看電影
write a letter 寫信
wait for 等待;等候
talk about 談論。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打籃球/踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 電視節目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在學校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在樹上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主語+doing? ….正在做什麼?
-主語+be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例: -what are you doing?
-I』m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 為。。。而感謝
例:Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例:Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交際用語
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let』s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What』s he waiting for?-He』s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What』s he reading? He』s reading a newspaper.
1)現在在進行時的形式是:
助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式(也叫現在分詞),表示現在(說話的瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作。
2)現在進行時的肯定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現在分詞+其他
I』m watching TV.
3)現在進行時的否定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現在分詞+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)現在進行時的一般疑問句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現在分詞+其他?
Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isn』t/aren』t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 現在進行時的特殊疑問句形式:
特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現在分詞+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 動詞+ing形式(現在分詞)的構成.
1一般情況下在動詞詞結尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不發音的母音字母e結尾的動詞,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3詞尾如果是以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞.應該先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
Unit 6 It』s raning!
一、片語
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海邊
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球
be surprised 驚訝的
be surprised at sth./sb.對某人或某人感到驚訝
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放鬆
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天氣里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由於(做)某事而感謝某人
How』s it going? 近況如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起來像。。。
二、句型/日常交際用語
(1)-How』s the weather(+地點)? –It』s raining?
(2)-What』s the weather like?—It』s sunny./It』s cold and snowing.
(3)-How』s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV』s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn』t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、片語
look like 看起來像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直發
medium height/build 中等高度/身體
a little bit 一點兒…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼鏡
have a new look 呈現新面貌
go shopping 去購物
the captain of the basketball team 籃球隊隊長
Nobody knows me 沒有人認識我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He』s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don』t think he』s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I』m tall.I』m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在乾的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I』d like some noodles.
1.片語
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什麼尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 綠茶
phone number 電話號碼
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的種類
a kind of 一種…
some kind of 許多種…
a bowl of rice 一碗米飯
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三個桔子(可數)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可數)
some chicken 一些雞肉(不可數)
three chickens 三隻小雞(可數)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like mplings,I don』t lkee noodles.
三\日常交際用語
(1)—Can I help you?
--I』d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I』d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like後面還可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.
Unit 9 How was your weekend?
一、片語
do one』s homework 做某人的家庭作業
如:do my homework 做我的家庭作業
play +運動或棋類
如:play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +樂器 如:play the guitar 彈吉他
go to the movies 去看電影
do some reading 閱讀
study for the (math) test 准備(數學)考試
stay at home 呆家裡
go to summer camp 去夏令營
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜訪某人
go shopping 去購物
last month 上個月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 尋找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上
play computer games 玩電腦游戲
It was time to do sth 該。。。的時候了
二、句型
(1)I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般過去時態
一般過去時態表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,動詞通常用一般過去式來表示,除動詞be的過去式was/were有人稱變化,其他都沒人稱的變化.
過去式的構成
(1) 一般情況下在動詞詞尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 詞尾是e的動詞加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一個母音字母加一個輔音結尾的重讀閉章節應雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞,要將y改為i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不規則動詞的過去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、片語
ptetty good 相當好;不錯
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有點無聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高興
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公園
the Great Wall 長城
the Palace Museum 故宮
Tian』an Men Square 天安門廣場
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示「愉快地做某事」,「做某事很有趣」
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.幫助某人做某事(to可省)
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬動) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.發現某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.發現某人做某事(整個過程)
Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?
一、片語
talk show 談話節目
soap opera 肥皂劇
sports show 體育節目
game show 比賽節目
think of 認為
how about… …怎麼樣?=what about…
in fact 事實上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一個十三歲的男孩= The boy is thirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …談話
thanks for… 為…感謝
each student 每個學生
key ring 鑰匙鏈
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can』t stand 不能忍受
don』t mind 不介意/無所謂/不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
(3)—This is what I think.
(4)--I don』t mind what young people think of me!
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month』s magazine?
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don』t mind them/I can』t stand them/I don』t like.
(2)—How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?
如:What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don』t eat in class.
一、片語
school rules 學校規章制度
break the rules 違反規章制度
in the hallways 在過道
listen to music 聽音樂
in the music room 在音樂教室里
in the dining hall 在餐廳
sports shoes 運動鞋
gym class 體育課
after school 放學後
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o』clock 十點之前
make dinner 做飯
the children』s palace 少年宮
二、句型
(1)—Don』t arrive late for class.
(2)—We can』t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)—What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can』t.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don』t.
重難點精析
祈使句
通常用來表示命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構成通常有以下幾種形式。
1)Be型(即系動詞原型be+表語+其他)。
如:Be quiet,please.
否定句Don』t + be+表語+其他。
如:Don』t be angry.
2)Do型(即系動詞原形+賓語+其他)。如:
Open you books,please.
否定句Don』t +實義動詞原形+賓語+其他。
如:Don』t eat in the classroom.
3)Let型(即Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他)如:
Let me help you.
Let』s go at six o』clock.
否定句一般在賓語後加not。如:
Let』 not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型(此種形式通常用於公共場合的提示語中,意為「禁止做某事「)如:
No smoking! 嚴禁吸煙!
No talking! 不許交談!
No passing! 禁止通行!
No parking! 不許停車
I. 人教版初一英語下冊各單元語法
第一單元:1:一般現在時句子的謂語結構的表達;
2:一般現在時句子由肯定句轉化為一般疑問句和否定句的方法。
第二單元:1:「There be」句型的基本運用:
2:介詞的基本運用。
第三單元:1:冠詞a an the的基本運用;
2:不用冠詞的情況。
第四單元:句子的種類和運用。
第五單元:1:現在進行時的定義及謂語結構表達;
2:現在分詞的基本構成規則;
3:現在進行時句子由肯定句轉化為一般疑問句和否定句的基本方法。
第六單元:1:現在進行時的運用;
2:現在進行時不同種類句子的謂語結構表達。
第七單元:動詞的種類及運用。
第八單元:1:可數名詞的復數形式的構成及運用;
2:不可數名詞的運用及數量的表達。
第九單元:1:一般過去式的運用;
2:一般過去式的謂語表達;
3:動詞過去式的基本構成規則。
第十單元:1:如何確定一個句子用不用過去式;
2:一般現在時不同種類句子的謂語結構表達。
第十一單元:1:復習不同時態、句子謂語結構運用;
2:掌握書信的格式。
第十二單元:1:祈使句的基本運用;
2:復習情態動詞的運用。