Ⅰ 高中 英語 必修二 第二單元
參考答案如下：
Our children (is 改為 are) being looked after by their teachers.
原因：主語children是復數，改為are之後人稱數量才一致。版
助你愉快學權習！
Ⅱ 人教版高一必修二unit2the olympic games的詳細整套教案
First Period Reading
Teaching goals 教學目標
1. Target language 目標語言
a. 重點詞彙和短語
b. 重點句式
2. Ability goals 能力目標
Enable the students to compare the ancient Olympics with the modern ones and try to answer the questions correctly.
3. Learning ability goals 學能目標
Learn how to generalize and compare the similarities and differences.
Teaching important points 教學重難點
To solve the questions in Comprehension, and let students find the similarities and differences quickly and correctly and answer the questions.
Teaching methods 教學方法
Listening method
Skimming method
Task-based method
Teaching aids教具准備
A recorder and a computer
Teaching proceres and ways教學過程與方式
Step I Lead-in
Show the students the video of the opening ceremony of the 28th Olympic Games held in Athens on April 14th, 2004.
T: Who can tell me what it is about?
S: It』s the Olympic Games.
T: You are quite right. Can you describe what you have seen?
S: There are thousands of people on the grand- stands in the stadium. Some are waving small flags, some are cheering, some are whistling.
Ss: Yes, many fans... much more noise...
T: What is it over the stadium?
Ss: A large Olympic flag with five colorful rings joined together in it.
S: I see a large gymnasium.
S: I can see a lot of audience and athletes.
T: Very good. I am sure you are very interested in the Olympic Games and knows a lot about it.
Step II Warming up
T: Now turn to page 9. Please work in pairs and ask each other the following questions. You are given 6 minutes to do it.
Step IV Reading
Listen to the tape to get the general idea.
T: First listen to the tape, paying attention to pronunciation and intonation, and try to get the general idea of the passage.
While playing the tape, the teacher goes around the classroom.
T: Have you got the main idea?
S: Yes, it tells us the differences and the similarities of the ancient and modern Olympics.
T: Very good. Now can you find the differences and the similarities of the ancient and modern Olympics? Read the passage carefully and find the answers. I will give you six minutes to finish it.
Six minutes later.
T: First let』s talk about the similarities between the ancient and modern Olympics. Any volunteers?
S1: Both are held every four years.
S2: Both are held not for money but for honor.
S3: The beliefs are the same. They are: Swifter, Higher, and Stronger.
S4: Men are allowed to take part both in ancient and modern Olympics.
S5: Some events are the same, such as running, jumping, shooting and throwing.
T: The five students have given us the similarities. Who can describe the differences?
S6: There were not Winter Olympics in the past.
S7: Now competitors are from all over the world. But in the ancient times, only the people in Greece could take part the Olympics Games.
S8: Only men were allowed to take part in the past, now women are also allowed.
S9: In the past, winners got the olive wreath as the prize. Now competitors compete for medals.
S10: The events and athletes in modern time are more than those in the past.
S11: There is a special village for the competitors to live in, a stadium for competitions, a gymnasium for those who watch the games now. But there were not such places in the ancient times.
T: Just now we have discussed the differences and the similarities of the ancient and modern Olympics. I think you have learned much about the Olympic Games. Can you describe the ancient and modern Olympic Games in your own words? You can refer to the questions in Warming up on page 9.Think about them and try to describe them.
A few minutes later.
T: Who would like to have a try to describe the ancient Olympics?
S1: The ancient Olympic Games began in Greece and were held from 776 B.C. to A.D. 393. It was held every four years. At that time, there were not so many sports as today. And women were not allowed to take part in the games. There were not Winter Olympics at that time. Winners got the olive wreath as the prize. The motto was Swifter, Higher and Stronger.
T: Good! Who would like to have a try to describe the modern Olympics?
S2: The modern Olympic Games began in 1896. They』re held every four years. There are many new sports in the Olympics. In the Summer Olympics there are over 250 different sports. Women are not only allowed to join in but also play a very important role. Now the competitors compete for medals. The motto is Swifter, Higher and Stronger.
T: Very good. Now let』s come to Part 1 of Comprehending on Page 11. You can fill in the form by yourselves. Then look at the 3 questions in Part 2. Please read the passage again to answer to the questions.
Ask some students to answer the questions and at the same time check the answers.
T: What amazed Pausanias about the Olympic Games?
S: All countries can take part in the Olympic Games.
S: There are over 250 sports and women are allowed to join in now.
S: There is much modern equipment.
T: Yes! All these things amazed Pausanias about the Olympic Games. Why does he think Athens and Beijing should feel proud?
S: It』s just as much a competition to host the Olympics as to win an Olympic medal.
T: Good! Why does he think people may be competing for money in modern Olympic Games?
S: Because the olive wreath has been replaced by medals, and the medals perhaps have something to do with money.
T: Good! I am glad you have understood this article very well.
T: We have finished the passage. I will ask a student to sum up what we have learned.
S: Through the comparison between the ancient and modern Olympic Games, we have learned the differences and the similarities between them. Now we can have a deep understanding of the Games. From the passage, we can also know that the Olympic Games are developing and improving. It』s our ty to make the Olympic Games better and healthier. We know that the principal in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is Green Olympic Games. It shows that people are paying more and more attention to our environment.
Writing skills
This passage introces the Olympic Games in a very interesting way. It adopts the dialogue between Pausanias who lived in 2000 years ago and a Chinese girl in modern world. Through their dialogue, the differences and similarities between the ancient and modern Olympic Games are made well known to the readers. The questions in Warming up and Pre-reading are also served as the references to the passage. In all, this part is written with a clear clue to realize the aim of introcing the Olympic Games.
Step VI Discussion
T: Discuss this question in groups: Why do many countries want to host the Olympic Games while others do not? Use the mind map below to help you. Then prepare for a class discussion. Put forward your ideas and give reasons for your choices.
T: Why do many countries want to host the Olympic Games?
S: Hosting the games has a major effect on the economy and brings international prestige to the country. Thousands and thousands of visitors come to the games and the host cities are permanently improved. By planting trees and creating parks, the city becomes more attractive for tourists.
S: It helps to strengthen the spirit of patriotism and also can create more job opportunities and improve the quality of employment.
S: The Olympic Games is the world's largest and highest level, and most widely influential sports event. The people of all countries enhance mutual understanding and friendship and safeguarding peace in the world event. Besides, the hosting of the Olympic Games is not only a country's comprehensive strength of the comprehensive test, but also to expand a country』 influence around the world, and at the same time promote their own development as a good opportunity.
T: Well done! Why do many countries don』t want to host the Olympic Games?
S: Preparing for the Olympics Games is a huge undertaking. Just like the athletes, the host city spends years getting ready for the event. Before deciding which city will host the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has to examine bids from all over the world. Bidding for the games begins about ten years in advance. Without preparing a very strong bid1, a city will not win the competition to host the games.
S: Hosting the Olympic Games take so long time and so much money to prepare. Building the infrastructure costs huge amounts of money. Holding the World Cup in 2002 in Japan and South Korea, for example, meant that ten new stadiums had to be built, as well as many hotels and an improved transport system. In Beijing, after winning the bid, the government began major construction projects — the extension of the underground, the improvement of the airport and the building of new motorways. Each host city must also build an Olympic village for the athletes.
S: Too many visitors may do harm to the environment of the city, in addition, the venues and buildings may be wasted after the Olympic Games.
T: Well done! As every coin has two sides, hosting the Olympic Games has its advantages and disadvantages. For our powerful China, it is a good opportunity to host the Olympic Games which can benefit us a lot.
Step VII Homework
Remember the key sentences.
Retell the passage according to the following passage.
Preview Learning about Language.
Ⅲ 人教版必修二英語語法知識點
高一英語必修一語法要點
一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他好好努力吧！
Ⅳ 必修二第二單元英語的語法，xxx to do/xxx doing 有漢譯
Mole 4 Grammar
–ing form and the infinitive
作主語
(1) -ing形式和不定式都可在句中用作主語。一般情況下可以互換。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.
=Learning a foreign language is not easy. 學習外語是不容易的。
(2) 表示具體的, 特定情況下的或有待於完成的動作時, 常用不定式。
① To finish such a novel will take me several days.
讀完這本小說需要花去我幾天的時間。
② It』s impossible to get to Beijing in three hours this time, because there is something wrong with our car. 看來這次三個小時是到不了北京了, 因為我們的車出問題了。
在 「It is + 形容詞(如necessary) + for/ of sb. 」的結構後, 通常用不定式作真正的主語。而 「It is no use/no good/a waste of time」後通常接ing形式。
It』s quite impossible to finish the work with so little money.
用這么少的錢想完成這項工作是不可能的。
② It』s no use asking him for help.
向他求助是沒有用的。
There is no 結構後只能接ing形式。There is no knowing whether he is dead or alive. 無從得知他是死是活。
作表語
(1) 兩者都可用作表語, 而且一般情況下可以互換。
His work is to paint houses. = His work is painting houses.
他的工作就是粉刷房屋。
表示具體的, 特定情況下的, 將來的動作, 通常用動詞不定式。
Our homework today is to finish the exercises 2 and 3 on page 10.
我們今天的作業就是完成第10頁的練習2和3。
(3) 主語與表語通常要保持形式一致。
To see is to believe. =Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。
作賓語
(1) 有些動詞後面只能用不定式作賓語，常見此類動詞有：
ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, set out, want, wish, expect, demand
① She decided to help him.
她決定幫他。
admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, can』t help, consider(考慮), delay, deny, enre, enjoy, excuse, escape, face, fancy, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, keep, keep on, mind, miss, mention, pardon, permit, practise, put off, risk, resist, suggest, understand等。
① The doctor advised taking more exercise. 醫生建議多做運動。
② I suggest doing it in this way. 我建議這樣做。
注意: 一些動詞短語中含有介詞to, 不要和不定式中的to混淆。常見此類短語:
be used to, come to, devote to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, pay attention to, refer to, stick to等。
①I really must get down to considering it seriously. 我真的必須認真考慮一下這事了。
② We are looking forward to seeing you again. 我們盼望著再次見到你。
有些動詞後既可接ing形式, 也可接不定式, 而且意義上沒有差別。常見此類動詞: can』t stand, prefer, learn, continue等。
① I can』t stand seeing/to see good food going to waste. 我無法忍受看到好好的糧食被浪費掉。
② She continue to work/working after having a baby. 有了孩子後她仍然繼續工作。
(4) begin, start後跟不定式或動名詞皆可, 通常可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 只用不定式。
1) start, begin本身為時行時時。
The boy noticed his father was beginning to get angry, so he ran away. 那個小男孩注意到他的父親開始生氣了, 所以就跑開了。
2) 當主語為非生物名詞或it時。
A strong wind started to blow.
一陣強風開始颳起來。
3) 當其後接表示心理活動的詞時, 如understand, realize, know, see等。
He began to realize the importance of foreign languages.
他開始意識到外語的重要性。
4) 在hate, like, love後, 表示經常性, 習慣性的動詞時, 通常用動名詞; 表示特定的、具體的某次行為則用不定式。
I don』t like bothering him when he is busy. 我不喜歡在他忙得時候打擾他。
② I usually like staying with him, but I even hate to see him that night. 我通常喜歡和他在一起，但是那天晚上我甚至不想見到他。
(5) 在remember, forget, try, go on, regret, mean, stop, want, need, require等動詞後既可接ing, 也可接不定式, 但含義不同。
1) remember to do記著去做(還沒有做的事)
remember doing記得做過某事
2) forget to do 忘記要去做某事
forget doing 忘記了做的事
3) go on to do 繼續做另一件事
go on doing 繼續做(原來做的)同一件事
4) regret to do 遺憾將要做某事
regret doing 後悔做過某事
5) mean to do 打算做某事
mean doing 意味著做某事
6) stop to do 停止(正在做的事)去做另一件
stop doing 停止正在做的事
7) try to do 努力做某事
try doing 償試著做某事
8) want to do 想要做某事
want doing 需要被
9) need/require to do 需要做某事
need/require doing 需要被
① Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
離開時請記著關燈。
② Certainly I posted your letter—I remember posting it.
我當然給你寄信了, 我記得寄過它。
③ The machine needs cleaning.( needs to be cleaned).
這台機器需要清潔了。
作賓補
(1) 常見用不定式作賓補的動詞。
allow, help, warn, ask, force, tell, expect, promise, wish, want
① We expected him to win an Olympic gold medal. 我們期盼他贏一枚奧運金牌。
② Tell him to come early.
告訴他早點來。
(2) 不定式(不帶to)和動詞ing形式都可在感官動詞和使役動詞(feel, make, let, see, hear, watch, listen to, look at, notice, observe)後作賓補。不定式強調動作發生了, 完成了; ing形式則強調動作正在進行。
① I saw a man walk into the garden and pick some flowers. 我看到一個男的進入花園, 摘了一些花。(進園摘花的動作已完成)
② I saw a man walking into the garden. 我看到一個男的正在進入花園。(walk這個動作在「我看的時候」正在進行)
③ We heard him sing a song at the party.我們在晚會上聽他唱了一首歌。(他唱了一首, 我們完整的聽了一首。)
④ I heard him singing a song when passing his window.
經過他的窗戶時，我聽到他正在唱歌。(我只聽了一部分, 沒有聽完, 我過去後他可能還在唱）
(3) 不定式在感官動詞和使役動詞後作賓補時，在主動語態時，不能帶to, 而變為被動語態時，要加上to。
① They saw him steal Tom』s money. 他們看到他偷了湯姆的錢。
② He was seen to steal Tom』s money. 他被看到偷了湯姆的錢。
作狀語
不定式作狀語, 通常表示目的, 結果, 有時也放在形容詞、過去分詞後表示原因; ing形式作狀語時通常表示時間、原因、條件或伴隨等。
① I』ve taken some money out of the bank to buy a laptop. (目的)
為了買手提電腦, 我從銀行了取了錢。
② He hurried to the school (only) to find nobody there.(結果) 他匆忙趕到學校, 卻發現那兒沒人。
③ I』m glad to hear that.(原因) 聽到那件事我很高興。
④ Seeing the picture, he couldn』t help
thinking of those memorable days.(時間) 看到這張照片(的時候), 他情不自禁地想起了那些難忘的日了。
⑤ Not knowing his address, we couldn』t get in touch with him. (原因) 不知道他的地址, 我們無法和他取得 聯系。
⑥ Working hard, you will get what you want. (條件) 努力工作, 你會得到你想要的東西的。
⑦ The baby was lying in bed crying. (伴隨) 嬰兒在床上哭泣。
Ⅳ 求高中英語必修二第二單元課文中的被動語態及翻譯
高中英語必修二第一單元的語法專遞是動詞的語態。第二單元的語法專遞是形容詞和副詞。被動語態可以用於各種時態，主要分成以下四類：現在、過去、將來、過去將來。