❶ 初二英語下冊語法重點
下冊主要就是被動語態啦被動語態的主要用法
一.定義
語態是動詞的一種形式,它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態有兩種:主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者,或者是說動作是由主語完成的,要用主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者,或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的,則用被動語態。
■當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者時,常用被動語態,這時往往不用by短語。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打破了。(不知誰打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他們的工資太低。(沒必要指出工資是誰付的)
■突出或強調動作的承受者,如果需要說出動作的執行者,用by短語。
The time-table has been changed. 時間表已變動了。(要突出的是「時間」)
These books are written especially for children. 這些書是專門為孩子們寫的。(強調的是「」這些書)
■為了使語言得體或圓滑等不願意說出動作的執行者。如:
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 請您在下次會議上作個發言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 據說她要嫁給一個外國人。
■出於修辭的原因,或是說為了更好地安排句子。如:
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 這個提議特別遭到了那些在本地區投資很大的人的反對。(因those的定語太長了,若用它作主語,主語與謂語就相距太遠而顯得句子鬆散。)
8種常用時態的被動語態
由「助動詞be + 動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be 有時態、人稱和數的變化。
(1) 一般現在時:am/is/are +過去分詞。如:
Rice is grown in south China. 華南種植水稻。
(2) 一般過去時:was/were+過去分詞。如:
The glass was broken yesterday. 這塊玻璃是昨天打爛的。
(3) 現在進行時:am/is/are being +過去分詞。如:
The project is being carried out. 這個計劃正在執行中。
(4) 過去進行時:was/were/being +過去分詞。如:
This road was being built this time last year. 這條路去年這個時候還在修建。
(5) 一般將來時:will be +過去分詞。如:
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 這些汽車將由水路運往國外。
(6) 過去將來時:would be +過去分詞。如:
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 經理說這個工程在年底前將會完成。
(7) 現在完成時:have/has been +過去分詞。如:
This novel has been translated into several languages. 這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。
(8) 過去完在時:had been +過去分詞。如:
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到達劇院時,發現票已賣完了。
❷ 初二英語下冊重點語法、句型歸納總結
下冊主要就是被動語態啦被動語態的主要用法
一.定義
語態是動詞的一種形式,它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態有兩種:主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者,或者是說動作是由主語完成的,要用主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者,或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的,則用被動語態。
■當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者時,常用被動語態,這時往往不用by短語。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打破了。(不知誰打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他們的工資太低。(沒必要指出工資是誰付的)
■突出或強調動作的承受者,如果需要說出動作的執行者,用by短語。
The time-table has been changed. 時間表已變動了。(要突出的是「時間」)
These books are written especially for children. 這些書是專門為孩子們寫的。(強調的是「」這些書)
■為了使語言得體或圓滑等不願意說出動作的執行者。如:
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 請您在下次會議上作個發言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 據說她要嫁給一個外國人。
■出於修辭的原因,或是說為了更好地安排句子。如:
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 這個提議特別遭到了那些在本地區投資很大的人的反對。(因those的定語太長了,若用它作主語,主語與謂語就相距太遠而顯得句子鬆散。)
8種常用時態的被動語態
由「助動詞be + 動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be 有時態、人稱和數的變化。
(1) 一般現在時:am/is/are +過去分詞。如:
Rice is grown in south China. 華南種植水稻。
(2) 一般過去時:was/were+過去分詞。如:
The glass was broken yesterday. 這塊玻璃是昨天打爛的。
(3) 現在進行時:am/is/are being +過去分詞。如:
The project is being carried out. 這個計劃正在執行中。
(4) 過去進行時:was/were/being +過去分詞。如:
This road was being built this time last year. 這條路去年這個時候還在修建。
(5) 一般將來時:will be +過去分詞。如:
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 這些汽車將由水路運往國外。
(6) 過去將來時:would be +過去分詞。如:
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 經理說這個工程在年底前將會完成。
(7) 現在完成時:have/has been +過去分詞。如:
This novel has been translated into several languages. 這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。
(8) 過去完在時:had been +過去分詞。如:
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到達劇院時,發現票已賣完了。
使用被動語態「六注意」
一要注意被動語態的不同時態
被動語態由「be+過去分詞」,其中的助動詞 be 根據情況可使用各種不同時態。如:
She is respected by everyone. 她受到大家的尊重。(一般現在時)
The book will be reprinted soon. 這本書很快會重印。(一般將來時)
The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。(現在進行時)
They have been given a warning. 他們受到警告。(現在完成時)
二要注意帶情態動詞的被動語態
該結構的基本形式為「情態動詞+be(或be的適當形式)+過去分詞」。這類結構非常有可能作為語境題出現在考卷中。如:
The rules must be obeyed. 這些規章制度必須遵守。
They shouldn』t have been told about it. 這事是不應當告訴他們的。
三要注意非謂語動詞的被動語態
1. 不定式一般式的被動語態。由「to be+過去分詞」構成。如:
She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求給她一些工作做。
2. 不定式完成式的被動語態。由「to have been+過去分詞」構成。如:
I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想讓人把結果早點告訴我的。
3. 現在分詞一般式的被動語態。由「being+過去分詞」構成。如:
I saw him being taken away. 我看見有人把他帶走了。
4. 現在分詞完成式的被動語態。由「having been+過去分詞」構成。如:
Having been invited to speak, I』ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因為邀請我去講話,我明天就得做准備。
5. 動名詞一般式的被動語態。由「being+過去分詞」構成。如:
He hates being made a fool of. 他討厭被別人愚弄。
6. 動名詞完成式的被動語態。由「having been+過去分詞」構成。如:
Jenny』s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 傑妮沒受過舞蹈的專業訓練是她感到遺憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把車開出城的指令後,我開始信心十足了。
註:過去分詞沒有被動式,因為它本身可以表示被動意義。如:
The door remained locked. 門仍然鎖著。
四要注意「get+過去分詞」構成的被動語態
英語被動語態通常由「助動詞be+過去分詞」構成,有時也可用「get+過去分詞」構成。如:
James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。
但總的說來,用get構成的被動語態不如用be構成的被動語態常見,尤其是在含有施動者的by短語時,用get構成被動語態更是少見。不過有時用be+過去分詞構成被動語態構成誤解時,人們可能會選get+過去分詞來避免這種誤解:
The window was broken. 窗戶破了(表狀態)。/ 窗戶被打破了(表動作)
The window got broken. 窗戶被打破了(表動作)
五要注意哪些動詞不用於被動語態
1. 不及物動詞沒有被動語態。因為不及物動詞沒有賓語,所以若將其用於被動語態則沒有主語,故不能用於被動語態。但是值得注意的是,有些英語中的不及物動詞,譯成漢語時卻可能是「及物」的,很容易出錯,這類動詞如:take place(發生),happen(發生),come about(發生),break out(爆發),appear(出現),disappear(消失),last(持續),arise(出現,發生)等:
Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常發生在冬季。
2. 英語中的靜態動詞(如have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble 等)通常不用於被動語態:
The young man lacks experience. 這個年輕人缺乏經驗。
英語不用被動語態幾種的情形
1.謂語為連系動詞時,不用被動語態。如:He looked fine. 他氣色好。The food tastes delicious. 這食物味道很好。
2. 謂語為不及物動詞(短語)時,不用被動語態。如:The war broke out in the end. 戰爭終於爆發了。
3. 賓語為不定式、動詞的-ing 形式或從句,表示主語的一些想法、愛好或願望時,一般不用被動語態。如:
He decided to go with us. 他決定跟我們一起去。4. 賓語是相互代詞、反身代詞、同源賓語等時,一般不用被動語態。如:
We should help each other. 我們應該相互幫助。He thinks of himself too much. 他對自己想得太多。
5. 賓語是處所、地點時,一般不用被動語態。如:
We will reach the station in two hours. 我們再過兩個小時就會到站了。
6. 謂語部分(動詞與賓語) 是一個不可分割的動詞短語時,一般不用被動語態。如:
The ship set sail this morning. 這艘輪船今天早晨起航了。
通常不用於被動語態的靜態動詞
那裡的人缺乏食物。正:People there lack food. 誤:Food is lacked by people there.
從形式上看,第2句是第1句的相應的被動形式,既然第1句為正句,那麼第2句從理論上說應該是成立的。而事實上第2句卻是個錯句。
在英語中,並不是所有的及物動詞都可以用於被動語態的,有些動詞(尤其是那些靜態動詞)盡管它們可以帶賓語,但卻不用於被動語態,這種動詞考生容易弄錯,其中主要的有:have,lack,fit,suit,cost,let,like等:
他有一台電腦。正:He has a computer.誤:A computer is had by him.
他當時正在洗澡。正:He was taking a bath. 誤:A bath was being had by him.
我的鞋不適合。正:My shoes don』t fit me. 誤:I am not fitted by my shoes.
這架鋼琴花了她6000美元。正:The piano cost her 6000 dollars.
六要注意兩類被動句型的相互轉換
英語中有一種主動句可以轉換成兩種被動句型,它們通常是一些表示客觀說明的句子。如:
People believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
It』s believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
She is believed to be honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
比較上面兩類被動句型可以發現,一類是「it+be+過去分詞+that從句」,另一類則是「主語+be+過去分詞+不定式」(其中的「主語」為前一類句型中that從句中的主語),通常可用於這兩類被動句型的動詞有assume, believe, expect, fear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, think, understand等,比較(同時注意其中時態和動詞形式的變化):
It』s known that he was a good singer. / He is known to have been a good singer. 大家知道他曾是位優秀的歌手。
表示「據說」的三類被動句型
❸ 英語八年級下冊 主要語法知識點
直接引語和間接引語
1.直接引語 直接引用別人的原話叫做直接引語,直接引語通常置於引號內(「引用原話」)。
—「What is it all about?」
—「究竟是什麼事呢?」
—「Nothing serious, just a storm in a teacup.」
—「沒有什麼,大驚小怪而已。」
2.間接引語 用自己的話轉述別人的意思,或引用自己說過的話,
都叫做間接引語。間接引語多數用賓語從句來表達。
Mary said that she received a sugar report this morning.
瑪莉說她今天早上收到了一封情書。
He said that his hands were quite full at that moment.
他說那時他忙得不可開交。
過去進行時表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內進行或發生的動作。其形式為was /were + V-ing。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用,如:last night, last Saturday等;或者與when, while, as引導的過去時間狀語連用。
基本用法
1. 過去進行時的基本用法主要表示過去某一時間正在進行的動作。
如:He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看書時睡著了。
2. 用過去進行時表示現在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣。
如:I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否讓我搭一下車。
【注】一般過去時也有類似用法,但比較而言,用過去進行時顯得更客氣,更不肯定。
3. 過去進行時表示感情色彩與現在進行時相似,過去進行時也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩,也通常與 always, forever, continually等副詞連用。
如:They were always quarrelling. 他們老是吵架。
4. 動詞be的過去進行時
動詞be的進行時也可表示過去一時的表現或暫時的狀態。
比較:He was friendly. 他很友好。(指過去長期如此)
He was being friendly. 他當時顯得很友好。(指當時一時的表現)
補充:when 的後面加一般過去時,而且動詞是不延續性動詞。 while 的後面加過去進行時,動詞是延續性動詞。
特殊用法
1、當句子意思很清楚時,我們也可以把兩個動詞都換成一般過去時
We listened carefully while the teacher read the text.
老師讀課文時,我們都仔細地聽著。
2、表示按計劃、安排過去將要發生的事。用於come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置轉移的動詞時,也可以用過去進行時表示過去將要發生的動作。
如:He told me that he was going soon.
他告訴我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事發生的背景。
It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.
那支醫療小組往前線行進時,天正下著雪。
4、表示一個新的動作剛剛開始。
過去進行時可用來引出一個新的動作,這種用法頗有點兒像鏡頭轉換。
Five minutes later, he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.
5分鍾後,他已站在門口抽著煙。
5、過去進行時還可和when結構遙相呼應,含有意外之意。
I was walking in the street when someone called me.
我正在街上走時突然有人喊我。
6、用來陳述原因或用作借口。
She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.
她昨天去看病了。她患了很嚴重的心臟病。
7、與always, constantly等詞連用,表示感情色彩。
The girl was always changing her mind.
這女孩老是改變主意。
常用的時間狀語
this morning, the whole morning, all day ,yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while ,at that time,.just now,a moment ago My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself; It was raining when they left the station;嗎 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
❹ 初二英語下冊語法
去年整理的,是這個吧?
Unit 1
1. 在人們家中 in people's home
2. 在家通過電腦學習 study at home on computers
3. 將來 in the future
4. 免費的 be free
5. 活到200歲 live to be 200 years old
6. 一百年之後 in 100 years
7. 一張紙 a piece of paper
8. 更多/更少的樹 more / few trees
9. 更多/更少的污染 more / less pollution
10. 更少使用地鐵 use the subway less
11. 更多使用…… use sth. a lot
12. 同意某人的意見 agree with sb.
13. 與……談話 talk to / with sb.
14. 使用某物做某事 use sth. to do
15. 在上小學 be in elementary school
16. 住在一間公寓 live in an apartment
17. 乘坐火箭到月球 fly rockets to the moon
18. 愛上…… fall in love with …
19. 獨自居住 live alone easye.2000y.net
20. 能夠做某事 be able to do sth.
21. 去香港度假 go to Hong Kong on vacation
22. 世界盃 the World Cup
23. 飛到月球度假 fly to the moon for vacation
24. 有朝一日 one day
25. 為某人工作 work for sb.
26. 看起來精神 look smart
27. 實現 come trueeasye.2000y.net
28. 預言未來 predict the future
29. 看見某人做某事 see sb. do / doing
30. 數以百計的 hundreds of
31. 在太空 in space
32. 擁有某人自己的機器人 have one's own robot
33. 科幻小說 science fiction movies
34. 幫助某人做家務 help with the housework
35. 與……做同樣的事 do the same things as sb.
36. 叫醒某人 wake upeasye.2000y.net
37. 與……交朋友 make friends with sb.
38. 某地有某人在做某事 there be sb. / sth doing sth.
39. 看起來更像 look more like
40. 一遍又一遍地 over and over again
41. 有更少的工作去做 have less work to do
42. 做某事有趣 be fun to do
43. 在25年到50年之後 in 25 to 50 years
Unit 2
1. 擋住;阻止……進入 keep out
2. 與……某人就某事爭吵 argue with sb. about sth.
3. 與……爭吵 have an argument with sb. = argue with sb.
4. 告訴某人(不要)做某事 tell sb. (not ) to do sth.
5. 得到一份兼職的工作 get a part-time job
6. 打開 turn oneasye.2000y.net
7. 把……聲音放得太大 play … too loud
8. 給……寫信 write sb. a letter
9. 給……打電話 call sb. up
10. 一場球賽的票 a ticket to a ball game
11. 使……驚訝 surprise sb.
12. 支付…… pay for
13. 從……借…… borrow sth. from sb.
14. 為某人買某物 buy sb. sth.
15. 不知道 have no ideaeasye.2000y.net
16. 有同樣的發型 have the same haircut
17. 查明 find outeasye.2000y.net
18. 請家教 get a tutor
19. 需要去做 need to do
20. 邀請某人去做某事 invite sb. to do sth.
21. 把某物落在家裡 leave sth at home
22. 做某事失敗 fail (in) sth.
23. 與……相處融洽 get on well with sb.
24. 與……相同的 be the same as
25. 歸還某物 return sth.
26. 在字典中查找…… look up … in a dictionary
27. 與……打架 have a fight with sb.
28. 與……比較 compare with
29. 向……抱怨某事 complain to sb. about sth.
30. 感覺處於(太多的)壓力之下 be / feel under (too much) pressure
31. 買不同的衣服 get different clothes
32. 把……從一個地方帶到另一個地方 take sb from 名詞 to 名詞
33. 直到……才…… not … until …
34. 盡可能多地充實到孩子們的生活中來 fit as much as possible into their kids lives
35. 屢見不鮮 nothing neweasye.2000y.net
36. 厲害地強迫某人 push sb. hard
37. 總是在做某事 be always doing
38. 計劃做某事 plan to do
39. 一方面 on the one hand
40. 另一方面 on the other hand
41. 從很小的年齡開始 start from a very young age
Unit 3
1. 到達 arrive at / get to / reach
2. 在……前面 in front of
3. 在……的前部 in the front of
4. 在理發師的椅子上 in / on the barber's chair
5. 睡懶覺 sleep lateeasye.2000y.net
6. 在電話中交談 talk on the phone
7. 航天博物館 the Museum of Flight
8. 降落在中央大街上 land on Center Street
9. 報警 call the police
10. 沿著街道走 walk down / along the street
11. 起飛/脫下 take off
12. 有一次不尋常的經歷 have an unusual experience
13. 大約在10點鍾 at around ten o'clock
14. 跟著某人做某事/去某地 follow sb. to do / 地點
15. 對……感到驚訝 be surprised / amazed at
16. 在樹上 in the tree / on the tree
17. 朝……喊叫 shout to sb. / shout at sb.
18. 在火車站 at the train station
19. 逃跑 run awayeasye.2000y.net
20. 沿著……走 walk around
21. 紐約市 New York City / the city of the New York
22. 對……說 say to sb.
23. 飛往紐約的航班 the flight to New York
24. 在醫生的診所 at the doctor's
25. 看望住院的姨媽 visit aunt in hospital
26. 2008年奧運會 the 2008 Olympics
27. 記得做過/去做某事 remember doing / to do sth.
28. 在歷史上 in history
29. 在現代美國歷史上 in modern American history
30. 最重要的事件之一 one of the most important events
31. 聽說 hear about / of
32. 多於;超過 more than
33. 玩得高興 have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself
34. 沉默地做某事 do sth. in silence
35. 在當今時代 in recent times
36. 被……毀壞 be destroyed by
37. 對……有意義 have meaning to
38. 在太空 in spaceeasye.2000y.net
39. 與(不與)……一樣 … as … as / not as / so … as
40. 環繞地球 around the world
41. 一個民族英雄 a national hero
42. 全世界 all over the world / around the world
43. 因/作為……而著名 be famous for / as
44. 第一次做某事 do sth. for the first time
45. 日常活動 everyday activities
Unit 4
1. 看肥皂劇 watch soap operas
2. 舉行一次驚喜晚會 have a surprise party
3. 在周五晚上 on Friday night
4. 生某人的氣 be mad at sb.
5. 首先 first of alleasye.2000y.net
6. 做課外家庭作業 do a homework project
7. 遞給某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.
= pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb.
8. 在公共汽車站 at the bus stop
9. 理應做某事 be supposed to do
10. 擅長be good at = do well in
11. 很抱歉做某事 be sorry to do sth.
12. 感冒 have / catch a cold
13. 身體健康 be in good health
14. 一次期末考試 an end-of-year exam
15. 在某事方面感到費勁 have a hard time with
16. 做某事很吃驚 be surprised to do
17. 捎去某人的問候 send one's love
18. 到現在為止 for noweasye.2000y.net
19. 抄襲別人的家庭作業 others' homework
20. 傳些口信 pass on some messages
21. 大打一架 have a big fight
22. 忘記去做某事 forget to do
23. 養成一個壞習慣 start a bad habit
24. 克服 get overeasye.2000y.net
25. 改變某人的生活 change one's life = change the life of sb.
26. 在一個貧困的山村 in a poor mountain village
27. 聽起來像 sound like
28. 一個北京大學的畢業生 a Peking University graate
29. 一個為期一年的計劃 a one-year program
30. 由……發起 be started by
31. 教育部 the Ministry of Ecation
32. 派人去做某事 send sb. to do
33. 對某人來說是一個新的經歷 be a new experience for sb.
34. 海拔2000米 2000 meters above sea level
35. 使某人覺得惡心 make sb. feel sick
36. 經歷不同的事 experience different things
37. 打開某人對外面世界的視野 open up one's eyes to the outside world
38. 給某人生活一個好的開始 give sb. a good start in life
39. 在某人的生活中有一個好的影響 be a good influence in one's life
40. 關愛地球母親 care for「Mother Earth」
41. 無國界醫生 Doctors Without Borders
42. 瀕危野生動物 wild animals in danger
43. 處於危險之中 be in danger
44. 脫離危險 be out of danger
Unit 5
1. 去參加晚會 go to the party
2. 玩得高興 have a great time
3. 讓某人進 let ineasye.2000y.net
4. 備考 study for one's test
5. 一半的同學 half the class
6. 歲末晚會 end of year party
7. 穿牛仔褲 wear jeans
8. 把……拿走 take away
9. 在晚會期間 ring the party
10. 校大掃除 school clean-up
11. 兒童醫院探視 Children's Hospital visit
12. 環球旅行 travel around the world
13. 獲得教育 get an ecation
14. 足球代理人 professional soccer player
15. 謀生 make a living
16. 似乎 seem like sth. / doing sth.
17. 夢想的職業 dream job
18. 捐給慈善機構 give … to charity
19. 一直 all the time
20. 受傷 get injured
21. 很難做某事 have a difficult / hard time
22. 實際上 in facteasye.2000y.net
23. 能夠 be able to/can
24. 手機 mobile phone
25. 與某人度過時光 spend time with sb.
Unit 6
1. 收集貝殼 collect shells
2. 滑冰馬拉松 skating marathon
3. 你第一雙滑冰鞋 your first pair of skates
4. 募捐 raise moneyeasye.2000y.net
5. 整整五小時 the whole five hours
6. 三年半 three and a half years
7. 填充動物玩具 stuffed animals
8. 妖怪雪球 snow glob of the monster
9. 用光 run out ofeasye.2000y.net
10. 在我十七歲生日時 on my seventeenth birthday
11. 順便說一下 by the way
12. 最常見的 the most common
13. 送某人某物 send sb. sth.
14. 才藝表演 a talent show
15. 額外的英語課 extra English class
16. 古幣 old coinseasye.2000y.net
17. 自由話題 free topic
18. 想起 think of
19. 著名人物 famous characters
20. 黑龍江省會 the capital of Heilongjiang Province
21. 具有豐富多彩的歷史 with a colorful history
22. 歐洲的影響 European influence
23. 蘇聯風格 in Russian style
24. 家史 family history
25. 驚奇 be surprised
26. 受到……的歡迎 be welcomed by
27. 宋朝皇帝 the Song Emperor
28. 西方歷史 western history
29. 越……越 the +比較級 … the +比較級
30. 確信 be certain that / to do
Unit 7
1. 介意做某事 mind doing sth.
2. 調小/大 turn down / up
3. 洗餐具 do the dishes
4. 從……里出來 get out of
5. 立即 right away / at once
6. 一會兒 in a minute
7. 在開會 be at the meeting
8. 完成這些工作 finish these tasks
9. 在廚房裡 in the kitchen
10. 幫某人做某事 help sb. do / with sth.
11. 抱怨 complain about sth.
12. 商店職員 store clerk
13. 給你拿錯了食品 bring you the wrong food
14. 不好使 don't work
15. 惱怒 get annoyed
16. 排隊等候 wait in line
17. 長時間的電話聊天 have a long telephone conversation
18. 到處跟著我 follow me around
19. 回到…… go back to
20. 一直 all the timeeasye.2000y.net
21. 碰巧發生在某人身上 happen to sb.
22. 試著不做某事 try not to do sth.
23. 加號 cut in line
24. 有點晚 a bit late
25. 定購食物 order food
26. 壓低你的聲音 keep your voice down
27. 講英語的國家 English-speaking country
28. 社會行為 social behavior
29. 與某人站的近 stand close to sb.
30. 亞洲國家 Asian country
31. 在各種條件下 in all situations
32. 即使 even ifeasye.2000y.net
33. 當眾 in public
34. 小心 take care to do sth.
35. 熄滅香煙 put out the cigarette
36. 被批評 be criticized
37. 扔垃圾 drop litter
38. 撿起 pick upeasye.2000y.net
39. 表現禮貌 behave politely
40. 依靠 depend on
41. 地方報紙 local newspaper
Unit 8
1. 幸運兒 lucky guy
2. 做一頓特別的飯 make a special meal
3. 你自己的選擇 your own choices
4. 大腹便便的豬 a pot-bellied pig
5. 好夥伴 good company
6. 帶某人出去 take sb. out to do
7. 睡著 fall asleep
8. 半途中 half wayeasye.2000y.net
9. 樹上的一片葉子 a leaf from a tree
10. 贈送 give away
11. 公園長椅 park bench
12. 試著做某事 try to do sth.
13. 通過不同的方式 in different ways
14. 來自於中國各地 from across China
15. 在舞台上 on stage
16. 各種年齡層 all age groups
17. 鼓勵某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
18. 取得進步 make progress
19. 奧委會 the Olympic Committee
20. 從……中得到樂趣 have fun with sth.
21. 講本族語的人 native speakers
22. 使某要對某事感興趣 make sb interested in
Unit 9
1. 太空博物院 space museum
2. 游樂場 amusement park
3. 水上樂園 water park
4. 曾經到過某個地方 have been to
5. 到某個地方去了 have gone to
6. 呆在某個地方 have been in
7. 既不……也不;兩者都不 neither … nor …
8. 聽說 hear ofeasye.2000y.net
9. 迪斯尼人物 Disney character
10. 主題公園 a theme park
11. 當然 of course
12. 過山車 a roller coaster
13. 以……為主題 be themed by
14. 四處走動 walk around
15. 總是一直 all the time
16. 迪斯尼巡遊 Disney Cruise
17. 兜風 take a ride
18. 在船上 on board
19. 走不同的路線 take different routes
20. 結束 end upeasye.2000y.net
21. 空中乘務員 a flight attendant
22. 導游 a tour guide
23. 象……這樣的 such as
24. 考慮 think about
25. 勝於,而不是 rather than
26. 在東南亞 in Southeast Asia
27. 度假 take a holiday
28. 在一方面 on the one hand
29. 在另一方面 on the other hand
30. 超過 多餘 more than
31. 四分之三 three quarters
32. 三分之一 one third
33. 做某事有困難 have some problem doing
34. 不管 還是 whether or
35. 夜狩 night safari
36. 在白天 ring the daytime
37. 在更自然的環境里 in a more natural environment
38. 全年 all year round
39. 靠近 be close to
Unit 10
1. 閑聊 small talk
2. 祝一天愉快 have a good day
3. 瀏覽;粗略看一遍 look through
4. 排隊等候 wait in line
5. 穿過一條繁忙的街道 cross a busy street
6. 開場白 open questions
7. 感謝函 Thank-you note
8. 想要 feel likeeasye.2000y.net
9. 出現;陪伴 come along
10. 融洽相處 get along
11. 想起 think of
12. 有一個家宴 have a family dinner
13. 交通擁擠 heavy traffic
14. 至少 at least
❺ 初二下英語重點知識點
人教版新目標8年級下英語語法重點
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
重點語法:一般將來時態的應用
重點短語:won't = will not
they'll = they will
she'll = she will
he'll = he will
I'll = I will
fall in love with(sb./sth.) 愛上(某人/某物)
be able to do sth. 能夠做某事
come true 實現
in the future 未來
hundreds of 數以百計的
thousands of 數以千計的
look for(sb./sth.) 尋找(某人/某物)
will → would 情態動詞 will 的原形和過去式
may → might 情態動詞 may 的原形和過去式
Unit 2 What should I do?
重點語法:過去將來時態(將來時態的委婉說法)
重點短語:keep sb. out 不讓某人進入
What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎麼了?
out of style 不時髦的;過時的
call sb. up 給某人打電話
pay for sth. 為某事付款
part-time job 兼職工作
the same as = be same (to/with) 與……同樣
in style 時髦的;流行的
get on [well] with sb. = get along [well] with sb. 與某人相處(好)
didn't = did not
couldn't = could not
as ... as possible 盡可能……(eg/ as soon as possible 盡快)
all kinds of 各種;許多
on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事
ask sb. not to do sth. 請求某人不要做某事
spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) [in] doing sth. 花錢做某事
sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢為了某事
take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人時間做某事
find out 查明
find sb. doing sth. 發現某人做某事
be angry with sb. 生某人的氣
be angry at sth. 生某事的氣
the same age as = as old as 與某人年齡一樣
have fight with sb. 與某人打架
learn to do sth. 學會做某事
not ... until ... 直到……才……
compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)與某事(B)作比較
it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到該做某事的時間了
maybe adv. 或許
may be (情態動詞 + 動詞原形)可能是
shall → should 情態動詞 shall 的原形和過去式
pay → paid → paid 動詞 pay 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
重點語法:過去進行時態
重點短語:get out 出去;離開
take off 起飛
run away 逃跑;跑掉
come in 進來
hear about = hear of 聽說
take place 發生
as ... as 像……一樣(eg/ as old as him 像他一樣老)
anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方
think about 考慮
think of 認為
get up = get out of the bed 起床
at the doctor's 在診所
every day 每一天
everyday adj. 日常的
most adj. 大部分
the most 最多的
in space 在太空中
national hero 民族英雄
all over the world = in the world 全世界
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.
重點語法:賓語從句
重點短語:direct speech 直接引語
reported speech = indirect speech 間接引語
first of all = at first 首先
pass on 傳遞
be supposed to do sth. 應該做某事
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好
in good health 身體健康
get over 克服
open up 打開
care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顧
not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再
have a cold 感冒
end-of-year exam 年終考試
get nervous 變得緊張
forget to do sth. 忘記做某事(該事未做)
forget doing sth. 忘記做某事(該事已做)
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[對某人來說]……(加形容詞)
context 上下文
Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!
重點語法:if 引導的條件狀語從句
重點短語:take away 拿走
around the world = all over the world 在世界各地
make a living 謀生
all the time = always 一直
What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎麼了?
in order to do sth. 為了做某事
make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事(to 省略,該結構是一個不帶 to 的不定式。)
make sb. adj. 使得某人……(加形容詞)
make sb. done 使得某人被做
be famous for 為……而出名
be famous as 作為……而出名
in class 在課堂上
spend ...(time/money) on sth. = spend ...(time/money) in doing sth. 花……(時間/錢)用於做某事
see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事(強調整個過程)
see sb. doing sth. 看見某人做某事(強調偶然性)
say → said → said 動詞 say 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
tell → told → told 動詞 tell 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
eat → ate → eaten 動詞 eat 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
speak → spoke → spoken 動詞 speak 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
重點語法:現在完成進行時態
Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?
重點語法:mind [one's] doing sth. 介意(某人)做某事
Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf?
重點語法:詢問別人為什麼要做或者不做某事
Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?
重點語法:現在完成時態
Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it?
重點語法:反意疑問句
重點短語:look through 瀏覽
come along 出現;發生
get along 相處
at least 至少
at most 至多
a thank-you note 感謝信
forget → forgot → forgotten 動詞 forget 的原形、過去式和過去分詞
little → less → least 形容詞 little 的原級、比較級和最高級
many/much → more → most 形容詞 many/much 的原級、比較級和最高級
❻ 八年級下冊英語 go for it 1-3單元 語法知識點
Unit 1 重點知識講解
by doing, 通過…方式,I learn English by speaking it every day.;
在。。。旁邊,by the lake; 乘車,by bus; 到。。。時候(過完時),by the time
frustrate v. 使......沮喪;使......受挫 ( frustrate sb)
類似還有:surprise sb, interest sb, terrify sb, frighten sb, shock sb
frustrating adj. 令人灰心的;令人沮喪的(-ing強調令人。。。),
如:Watching movies to learn English is frustrating because the people speak too quickly. 通過看電影來學英語是讓人灰心的,因為劇中人物說話太快了。
frustrated adj. 灰心的;沮喪的(-ed 強調人自己感覺。。。)
如:I felt frustrated at that time. 那時,我覺得很沮喪。
類似的還有: interesting/interested; disappointing/disappointed; exciting/excited; boring/ bored; surprising/surprised; terrifying/ terrified; thrilling/thrilled; frightening/ frightened
2. adj + ly= adv.
.如 differently adv. 「不同地,有區別地」 quick(adj.)— quickly(adv) 動作迅速
e.g. Wei Ming feels differently. different adj. be different from….(與…不同)
e.g. Cars are different from buses . difference (可數名詞) e.g. There are some differences between cars and buses.
3. 區別:quick(adj.)— quickly(adv) 動作迅速 fast (形,副) 運動速度快; soon 馬上 (時間快)
4. add v. ① 「加」 e.g. Add three to six, and you get nine. 3+6=9。
② 「補充說」 e.g. 「I』m coming.」 Lucy added.
5. mistake 可數名詞,錯誤,失誤」, make a mistake 或make mistakes
e.g. It is easy to make a mistake. 犯錯誤是很容易的。
I made the mistake of giving him my address. 我真不該把我的地址給他。
I』m sorry. I took your pen by mistake. 對不起,我錯拿了你的鋼筆。
mistake 還可以用作動詞,意為「弄錯;誤以為;誤會」。
e.g. I mistook his meaning. 我誤解了他的意思。
We often mistake her for her twin sister.我們常常誤以為她是她的雙胞胎姐姐。
6. unless=if…not 「除非, 如果不…」, 引導條件狀語從句。
e.g. Don』t come unless I call you. = Don』t come if I don』t call you. 如果我不給你打電話,不要來。
短語
1.. the best ways to learn English. 學習英語的最好方法
= the best ways of learning English
2. keep a diary 記日記,寫日記 也可以用 write a diary。
3. speaking skills 說的能力;口語能力
speaking是動名詞做定語,注意:動名詞作定語常表示功能,
writing table=the table is used for writing 寫字台
smoking room=the room is used for smoking 吸煙區
4. look up… in a dictionary 查字典
e.g. If you meet new words that you don』t know, you can look them up in a dictionary. 如果你遇到你不認識的生詞,你可以在字典中查詢。
5. not ...at all 根本不,全然不, not經常可以和助動詞結合在一起,at all 則放在句尾。
eg. My brother did not like the scarf at all. 我哥哥根本不喜歡那個圍巾。
6. end up doing sth 終止做某事,相當於finish doing sth.
When we practice speaking English, we often end up speaking in Chinese.
當我們練習說英語時,我們經常以說漢語結束。
另外,end up with sth 以…結束
The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。
7. get the pronunciation right 使發音準確
get…right 使……正確, get 在這里是「使變成……狀態」的意思。
8. to begin with = to start with=first of all 用於敘述原因,置於句首。如:
I can』t come. To begin with, I don』t feel very well, besides I don』t have enough money. 我不能去。首先,我感覺不好,除此以外,我也沒有錢。
9. later on 「後來,以後」 e.g. I』ll be seeing you later on. 我以後會見到你。no later than 「不遲於…」; sooner or later 「遲早」
11. have trouble doing 做某事有困難
=have problem(s) doing=have difficulty doing
13. deal with (← how ) = do with(what)「處理,對付」
e.g. How shall we deal with the thief? = What are we going to do with the thief? 我們怎樣處理這個小偷?That』s a deal ! = It』s a deal. 成交了. (deal n.)
14. have disagreements 有分歧,disagreement是agreement 的反義詞,
reach/ come to an agreement 達成一致
16. regard…as…=consider…as,把……看作,當做
We regard our teacher as our friend. 我們把老師看作是我們的朋友。
17. complain to sb. about/of sth. 向某人抱怨某事,如:
She complained to me about his bad manners. 她向我抱怨他的不禮貌。
18. change…into…= turn … into 把……變成……
change water into ice 把水變成冰
19. impress sb with sth =sb be impressed by sth 某人對…印象深刻
My teacher impressed me with her good pronunciation. =
I was impressed by my teacher』s good pronunciation.
Unit 2
一、知識點
1. used to 過去常常做某事,暗指現在已經不存在的動作或狀態. 後跟動詞原形. used to do sth.
There used to be ….(反意疑問句)didn』t there?
否定形式為: didn』t use to 或 usedn』t to
疑問形式為: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
be/get used to doing sth.習慣於, to 為介詞.
2. wear 表示狀態. =be in +顏色的詞;put on 表示動作.
dress + 人 給某人穿衣服dress sb. / oneself
get dressed, 穿好衣服
3. on the swim team on 是…的成員,.
7. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 錯過, 未中, 未趕上, 未找到.
例: It』s a pity that you miss the bus. The boy shot at the goal, but missed.
9. right: ① adj. 正確的, 右邊的 It』s not right to spit in public.
② n. 右方, 權利 Women now have the right to vote in Japan.
③ adv. 恰恰,正, The UFO landed right in front of me.
11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常與can, be able to 連用.
例: Can you afford a new car? The film couldn』t afford to pay such large salaries.
12. as well as 連詞, 不但…而且… 強調前者. (若引導主語, 謂動與前者在人稱和數上一致。
例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不僅需要水, 還需要空氣和陽光.
I as well as they am ready to help you. 不僅是他們, 我也願意幫助你.
13. alone = by oneself 獨自一人. lonely 孤獨的, 寂寞的.
14. in the last/past + 一段時間
ring the last/past + 一段時間 與現在完成時連用.
17. ①be/ become interested in sth. 對…感興趣
②be interested in doing sth. 對做…感興趣
③show great interest in 在……方面產生極大的興趣
④a place of interest 一處名勝 some places of interest
如:He is interested in math, but he isn』t interested in speaking
English. 他對數學感興趣,但是他對說英語不感興趣。
19. on 副詞,表示(電燈、電視、機械等)在運轉中/打開,
其反義詞off. with the light on 燈開著
25. take sb. to + 地方送/帶某人去某個地方如:
A person took him to the hospital. 一個人把他送到了醫院。
Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
36. as + 形容詞./副詞+as sb. could/can 盡某人的…能力,如:
Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力去跑。
37. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩
復合句與簡單句的轉化:
when ------ at the age of …
I could sing songs when I was five.
I could sing songes at the age of five.
so…that…----- too… to…. / enough to …
He was so young that he couldn』t go to school today.
He was too young to go to school.
He wasn』t old enough to go to school.
so that…------ in order to do sth.
Tom gets up early in the morning so that he can catch the early bus.
Tom gets up early in the morning in order to catch the early bus.
It seems / seemed that sb….------ sb. seems / seemed to do sth.
Sb. hopes / hoped that ….-------sb. hopes / hoped to do sth.
be afraid
be sure that +從句---- 動詞不定式
be sorry
I am sure that he will win the badminton match tomorrow.
He is sure to win the badminton match tomorrow.
二、 短語
1. be more interested in 對…更感興趣;2. on the swim team 游泳隊的隊員.
3. be terrified of 害怕;4. gym class 體操課;5. worry about. 擔心;
6. all the time 一直, 總是;7. chat with 與…閑聊;8. hardly ever 幾乎從不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by bus
10. as well as 不僅…而且;11. get into trouble 遇到麻煩;
12. make a decision 做出決定;13. to one』s surprise 使某人吃驚的是
14. take pride in 為…感到驕傲;15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…組成/構成. be made up of 由…組成/構成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是;18. in the end 最後, 終於;19. play the piano 彈鋼琴
三、句子
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著卧室的燈睡覺.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多時間和我的朋友們玩游戲.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我幾乎沒有時間去聽音樂會.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那會使你緊張的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎變化很大
Unit 3
一.知識點
1.被動語態的謂語動詞形式:
含情態動詞的: can/may/must/should be +done
2.get/have + n./pron. + done 叫/讓/請別人做某事(即使謀事被做)
例: I want to get my car mended. 我要讓人把車子修好.
3.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做… allow doing sth 允許做…
4.drive : ① 駕車,駕駛. ② 驅趕,驅使.
例: What drives them to rob the shop? 什麼驅使他們去搶商店?
6.He doesn』t seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesn』t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
7.倒裝句: So + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞+主語(前為肯定局) 表示與前面所述事實一致.
Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實一致.
例: He likes oranges. So do we. He doesn』t like oranges. Neither do we.
Tom can swim. So can John. Tom can』t swim. Neither can John.
So +主語+ be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞 表示對前面事實的進一步確認.
例: Henry is very tired. So he is.(的確是)
He surfed Internet for two hours. So he did.(的確是)
They will win the game. So they will.(他們會的)
10.fail a test = fail in a test 考試不及格
11.be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.
例: The head teacher is strict with his students He is strict in the work.
12.the other day 前幾天,不久前的一天.(用於過去時)
15.volunteer ① n. 自願者. ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自願做…
例: We all volunteered to help in the old people』s home.我們都志願到敬老院幫忙.
16.chance 指僥幸的,偶爾的機會,還可表示「可能性」
opportunity 指有利的時機,良機. 二者有時可以互換.
Have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的機會.
Don』t be too frustrated. You』ll have another opportunity to go to college next year. 別太沮喪了,你還有上大學的機會.
experience : ①可數名詞 「經歷,體驗」
例: Please tell us something about your experiences.②不可數名詞 「經驗」 例: He is a man of rich experience.
③動詞「經歷」 例: She experienced lots of suffering.
18. off 不工作,不上班,不上學,不值班.
例: I think I』ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.
She is off today. 她今天休息.
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.
19. reply to sth/sb=answer sth/sb
另外answer還有「應答」之意.如answer the door/telephone
20. get in the way (of)... 妨礙...
例: He never gets in others』 way. 他從不妨礙別人.
The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那裡會妨礙別人的.
22. do does did 用在另一個動詞前表示強調.
例: He does speak well. 他真的講的很好.
Do be quiet. 務必安靜.
26. only 處於句首,並後跟狀語時,全句需要倒裝.
例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那時,他才明白.
Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語學好.
Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當她到家時,他才得知了這消息.
二.短語
1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干… allow sb to do sth 允許某人干…
allow doing sth 允許干…
2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16歲的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼職工作 4. a driver』s license 駕照
5. on weekends 在周末 6. at that age 在那個年齡段
7. on school nights 在上學期間的每個晚上 8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相當與及物動詞) 清掃 10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格
11. take the test 參加考試 12. the other day 前幾天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同學 14. concentrate on 全神貫注於
15. be good for 對…有益 16. in groups 成群的,按組的
17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結構) 18. learn from 向某人學習
19. at present 目前,現在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的機會
21.English-English dictionary 英英詞典 22. at least 至少
23.eight hours』 sleep a night 每晚8小時的睡眠
24. an old people』s home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花費時間干…
26. primary schools 小學 27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答復 29. get in the way of 妨礙
30. a professional athlete 職業運動員 31. achieve one』s dreams 實現夢想
32. think about 思考,考慮 33. in the end 最後,終於
34. be serious about 對…熱忠/極感興趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing 在…上花費時間/金錢
36. care about 關心,擔心,在乎 37. agree with 同意…
三.句子
1. I don』t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我認為不應該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔.
2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業.
3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上11點.
4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我們應該被允許更加經常的花些時間多做這類事情.
5.What school rules do you think should be changed?
你認為學校的哪些制度應該改一改了?
6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.
7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.
8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才能實現我的夢想.
10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
應該允許他們對業余愛好想練多長時間就練多長時間.
11.We have nothing against running. 我們沒有理由反對他跑步。
❼ 初一至初二英語知識點,語法點
11. 動詞的時態
11.1 一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意:此用法如果出現在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如:
I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯,講的可不行。
比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現在時,用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作,表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志,表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況,所以後句用一般現在時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.2 一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如:時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?
2)表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。例如:
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候,常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時,布朗一家無論什麼時候去,都受到熱烈歡迎。
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時,作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等,而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去,現已不復存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含義:她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含義:她現在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義:達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義:現在還住在肯塔基州,有可能指剛離去)
注意: 用過去時表示現在,表示委婉語氣。
1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:
Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎?
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。
2)情態動詞 could, would。例如:
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車,能借用一些嗎?
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do:"過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態,但如今已不存在。例如:
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。
be used to + doing: 對……已感到習慣,或"習慣於",to是介詞,後需加名詞或動名詞。例如:
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語,但從語意上看出,在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去,因此應用過去時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.4 一般將來時
1) shall用於第一人稱,常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱,在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例如:
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎?
2) be going to +不定式,表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖,即將做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢?
b. 計劃,安排要發生的事。例如:The play is going to be proced next month。這出戲下月開播。
c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏雲,快要下雨了。
3) be +不定式表將來,按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如:
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。
4) be about to +不定式,意為馬上做某事。例如:
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。
注意:be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時,be going to表將來,will表意願。例如:
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如:
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客觀安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主觀安排)
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.7 一般現在時表將來
1)下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時可以表示將來,主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如:
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什麼時候開?十分鍾後。
2)以here, there等開始的倒裝句,表示動作正在進行。例如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。
3)在時間或條件句中。例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來後,讓他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那裡,就寫信給你。
4)在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前,務必把窗戶關了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.8 用現在進行時表示將來
下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現在進行時可以表示將來。例如:
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎?
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.9 現在完成時
現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態,其結果的影響現在還存在;也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成:have (has) +過去分詞。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.10 比較一般過去時與現在完成時
1)一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2)一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆為具體的時間狀語。
現在完成時的時間狀語:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不確定的時間狀語。
共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (強調看的動作發生過了)
I have seen this film. (強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (強調起床的動作已發生過了)
Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強調有卷子未交,疑為不公平競爭)
He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years. (是團員的狀態可持續)
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.11 用於現在完成時的句型
1)It is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分,用現在完成時。例如:
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is +形容詞最高級+that…結構,that 從句要用現在完成時。例如:
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
典型例題
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時,故選B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時,反意詞為never,此兩詞常用於完成時。
注意:非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
(錯)I have received his letter for a month.
(對)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.12 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間,for用來說明動作延續時間長度。例如:
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意:並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.(現在我仍在這里工作。)
注意:用句型轉換的方法,很容易排除非延續動詞在有for/since結構的完成時中的誤用。
1)(對) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(錯) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然,第二句不對,它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.13 since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six)。例如:
I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在這兒。
2) since +一段時間+ ago。例如:
I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒,已經有五個月了。
3) since +從句。例如:
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走後,變化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走後,變化可大了。
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如:
It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有兩年了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.14 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1) 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷; 瞬間動詞表示行為的結果,不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如:
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)
I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
2) 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:
He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響,我知道她的模樣,你不用描述。再次,several times告知為反復發生的動作,因此用現在完成時。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始,持續到現在,應用現在完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.15 過去完成時
1) 概念:表示過去的過去
----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時,小偷們早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。
3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年,愛迪生開始自己謀生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
湯姆失望了,因為他到達晚會時,大部分客人已經走了。
典型例題
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前,因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去,用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點,表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下,when所引導的動作發生。因此前一句應用過去進行時。
注意: had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如:
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門,他就打了我。
had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如:
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車,轉眼又賣了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.16 用一般過去時代替過去完成時
1) 兩個動作如按順序發生,又不強調先後,或用then,and,but 等連詞時,多用一般過去時。例如:
When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起來。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子,我把它丟了。
2 ) 兩個動作相繼發生,可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成,用過去完成時。例如:
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 敘述歷史事實,可不用過去完成時,而只用一般過去時。例如:
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.17 將來完成時
1) 構成will have done
2) 概念
a. 狀態完成:表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如:
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。
b. 動作完成:表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前,已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。例如:
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時,你已經到達上海了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.18 現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法:
a. 表示現在(指說話人說話時)正在發生的事情。例如:
We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。
b. 習慣進行:表示長期的或重復性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進行。例如:
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說。(說話時並未在寫,只處於寫作的狀態。)
c. 表示漸變,這樣的動詞有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:
The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。
d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用,表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態,往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如:
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。
典型例題
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態,應用進行時,由於沒有找到,其影響仍然存在,應用完成時,瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.19 不用進行時的動詞
1)表示事實狀態的動詞,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two brothers. 我有兩兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。
2)表示心理狀態的動詞,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。
He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。
3)瞬間動詞,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:
I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。
4)系動詞,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.20 過去進行時
1)概念:表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。
2)過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景;一個長動作延續的時候,另一個短動作發生。
3) 常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來,受了傷。
It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時,正下著雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到達山頂時,陽光燦爛。
典型例題
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情,應用過去時。同時,when表時間的同時性,"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景,因此用過去進行時。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read;was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時,用過去進行;一個長動作發生的時候,另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時,奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell(fall的過去時),是系動詞,後跟形容詞,如:fall sick。
參考資料:http://..com/question/13015035.html
❽ 初二英語語法知識點整理
中考重點句型
一、常使用動詞不定式的短語
1、It』s time to do sth.\ It』s time for sth
該作某事的時候了.
2、can』t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事
3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.
要求/告訴某人(不)作某事
4、allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人作某事
5、be supposed to do sth. 應該作某事
6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事
7、have sth/nothing to do 有…時要做/與…無關
8、find it +adj. to do sth. 發覺作某事…
9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
寧願作某事,而不願作某事
10、It』s +adj. for sb. to do sth.
作某事對某人來說…
11、It』s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事
12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.
某人做某事用了一些時間
二、常用動名詞的短語
1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜歡做某事
2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.
繼續做某事
3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
4、practise doing sth. 練習作某事
5、give up doing sth. 放棄作某事
6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅長作某事
7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事
8、what about/ how about doing sth.
….怎麼樣(好嗎)?
9、Thank you for doing sth. 為…感謝某人
10、mind doing sth. 介意作某事
11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、
被用來作某事
12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花時間作某時
13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙於作某事
14、finish doing sth. 作完某時
15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事
16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡…勝過…
17、be/get used to doing sth. 習慣作某事
18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人作某事
三、省略動詞不定式的短語
1、一看二聽三使役
see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.
看見/聽見/感覺/注意某人作某事
make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/讓某人做某事
2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.幫助某人作某事
3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
4、 Why don』t you/ not do sth.為什麼不作某事
5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.
請你(不)作某事好嗎?
四、 同義詞比較
1、 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去作另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事
eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.
2、 forget / remember to do sth.
忘記/記得要去作某事
forget / remember doing sth.
忘記記得曾經做過某事
eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.
I remember doing my homework
3、 used to do sth. 過去常常作某事
be used to do sth. 被用來作某事
be used to doing sth. 習慣於作某事
eg. My father used to smoke.
Wood is used to make paper.
I am used to getting up early.
4、So +be/助動詞/情態動詞 + 主語
…也一樣
So +主語+be/助動詞/ 情態動詞
是呀,表示贊同別人的觀點
Neither + be /助動詞/ 情態動詞+主語
…也不一樣(用於否定句)
eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.
It』s a fine day. So it is.
She doesn』t like eggs. Neither do I.
5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…
so +adj. /adv + that(從句) 如此…以致…
such +(a/an +adj.)+n.+ that(從句)
如此…以致…
(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.
(對某人來說)做某事(不)夠
eg. The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can』t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can』t go to school.
The boy is not old enough to go to school.
五、常考知識點
1、keep +adj. 保持…狀態
keep (sb.) doing sth.
繼續做某事/使某人老是做某事
eg. Everyone should keep our classroom clean.
It』s too late, but he still keeps working.
Lily always keeps us waiting for her.
2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成為
make + sb. + adj. 使某人…
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事
eg. We made Peter our monitor.
Books make us happy.
He often makes me laugh.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
3、I don』t think that 我認為…不
eg. I don』t think you are right.
4、It』s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般過去時… 自從…以來有多久了
eg. It has been two years since we met last time.
6、 What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?
是什麼意思?
eg. What do you mean by 「computer」?=What does 「computer」 mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?
7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?
你認為…怎麼樣?
eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?
8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎麼樣?
eg. What is the weather like?
What will the life in the future be like?
9、 It』s said/ reported that… 據說/據報道
It's well known that 眾所周知
It's thought that 大家認為
eg. It』s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.
10、one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復數
…其中之一
eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
11、neither…nor… 既不…也不(兩者都不)
either…or…要麼…要麼/或者…或者/不是…就是
not only…but also… 不但…而且
以上三個詞做主語時,要用就近原則
eg. Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
Either he or you go to the park.
Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.
neither of 兩者都不
either of 兩者選一
none of 沒有一個
以上三個做主語時,謂語動詞用單數
All of 全部 Both of 兩者都
以上二個做主語時,謂語動詞用復數
12、比較級+ than +any other +名詞單數
…比其餘任何一個…
比較級+ than + the other+名詞復數
eg. Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
13、When(當…的時候), if (如果), as soon as(一…就), until(直到…才), unless(除非/如果…不)這幾個詞引導的時間或條件狀語從句時,主句要用一般將來時.
從句一般現在時
eg. I will call you when he comes.
If it doesn』t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
As soon as I get to Beijing, I』ll come to see you.
He won』t go to bed until his parents come back.
Unless you work hard, you won』t catch up with others.
❾ 初二下冊英語知識歸納(語法,短語。。。)
need to do sth需要做某事(人做主語)
need doing sth需要做某事(物做主語)
hear sb do sth聽到某人做過某事
hear sb doing sth聽到某人正在做某事
hear of +sb/sth聽到或知道某人某物
hear about +sth聽到關於某事物的消息
hear from sb 收到某人來信
stop to do sth停下來去做某事
stop doing sth停止做某事
go on to do sth接著去做某事
go on doing sth繼續做某事
remember to do sth記住去做某事
remember doing sth記住做過某事
forget to do sth忘記去做某事
forget doing sth忘記做過某事
be angry with sb對某人生氣
be angry at sth對某事很生氣
like to do sth喜歡做某事(強調一次性的動作)
like doing sth喜歡做某事(泛指長期性習慣性地)
hate to do sth討厭做某事(強調一次性的動作)
hate doing sth討厭做某事(泛指長期性習慣性地)
refuse to do sth拒絕做某事
try to do sth設法或努力去做某事
try doing sth嘗試著做某事
be afraid to do sth害怕做某事
be afraid of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
warn sb of/about sth警告某人
warn sb (not)to do sth警告某人(不要)做某事
learn to do sth學習做某事
agree to do sth同意做某事
hope/wish to do sth希望做某事
decide to do sth決定做某事
begin/start to do sth開始做某事
in the end=at last=finally最後
sth happen to sb某事發生在某人身上
give an interview接受采訪
make sb+adj\do sth使某人……\讓某人做某事
be\become interested in sth/doing sth對……感興趣
win取勝(比賽)
beat打敗(人)
interested 有趣的(修飾人)
interesting有趣的(修飾物)
exciting激動人心的(修飾物)
excited激動人心的(修飾人)
relaxing放鬆的(修飾物)
relaxed放鬆的(修飾人)
surpised驚奇的(修飾人)
surpising驚奇的(修飾物)
be made from由…製成(看不出原材料)
be made of由…製成(看得出原材料)
see/hear sb do sth 看到/聽見某人做某事
want to do sth=would like to do sth想要做某事
would like sth想要某物
would like sb to do sth想要/願意某人做某事
too much太多
much too非常
be dangerous ……是危險的
be in danger ……處於危險中
in the dangerous陷入困境
in dangerous瀕危滅絕
take up占據時間或空間
tidy up收拾 整理
look after=take care of照顧
help sb(to) do/with sth幫助某人做某事
spend…on/doing sth花時間/金錢干某事
as a result of= because of因為 由於
come out出版 發行 發芽 開花 出來
hold the line=hold on for a moment=wait for a moment稍等,別掛電
right now=at the moment=now 現在
right now=right away=at once立刻,馬上
invite sb to do sth邀請某人做某事
invite sb to sw 邀請某人去某地
good luck with sth祝某事物好運
good luck to sb 祝某人好運
a couple of 幾個兩個 表示同類的物體但不是成對的
a pair of 表示成雙成對的
in fact=actually事實上
by the way 順便說一聲
far away 遙遠的
far(away)from 離……遠
alone獨自一人的(表狀態)
lonely寂寞的(表感覺)
after all 畢竟
be afraid to do sth=be afraid of (doing)sth害怕(做)某事
make friends with 與某人交朋友
worry about=be worried about擔心 擔憂
don't mention it=you're welcome=That'okay=That'all right=Not at all 不客氣
look out=be carefully=look out for小心
look out of朝……外看
look for尋找
look like看上去像
look forward to 盼望
look up查找
look after=take care of照顧
look over檢查身體
look through瀏覽
look down on(upon)輕視 看不起
look around/round四處看看
look like …看起來像…(比較的人或物分別放在前後作主語和賓語)
look the same …看起來像(比較的人或物都放在前面作主語)
as if好像(後面接句子)
be on上演
thank you for……=thanks for因…而感謝
ask for job 求職
once a week一周一次
use…for… 用…來做…
take off卸下、起飛、脫下、休假
land in降落
put on穿上
turn off/out 關上
turn on 打開
turn up開大一點
turn down開大一點
pick up 拿起
動詞+賓語+身體部位 攻擊某人身體部位
stay cool保持冷靜
stop talking 停止談話
be business 出差
rather…than… 寧可…也不…
steal one's sth偷某人某物
steal sth from sb偷某人某物
on one's way to在……路上
take sb around=show sb around帶領某人參觀某地
join=take part in參加
decide to do sth決定干某事
come this way 這邊走
the latest news最新消息
introce …to… 把……介紹給…
too …to… 太…而不能
prefer A to B AB之間更喜歡A
connect A to/with B 把A與B連接
so that為了 表目的
so…that…如此…以至於
neither…or…兩者都不
either…or…兩者都
not only …but also不但……而且
both …and…不但…而且…
appear出現
disappear消失
weather…or not是否
the end of ……末
the beginning of ……的開頭
at the end of 在……結尾
at the beginning of 在……開始
in the end of=at last=finally 最後
pocket momney零花錢
whatever無論什麼
whoever無論誰
whichever無論哪個
whenever無論何時
wherever無論何地
動名詞表達的是:狀態 性質 心境 抽象 經常性 已發生的
不定式表達的是:目的 結果 原因 具體 一次性 將發生的
may引導的疑問句當否定回答時may要變must
must引導的疑問句當否定回答時must要變need
it seem that 好像
an interesting place名勝
all together一起
rather A than B 不是 B而是A
keep doing sth堅持做某事
as a result of=because of 因為 由於
at the age of在……歲時
be late for干…遲到
keep(on) +動詞ing
enjoy+動詞ing
miss+動詞ing
finish+動詞ing
consider+動詞ing
suggest+動詞ing
practice+動詞ing
agree with同意
in person親自
talk about 談論
be proud of 以…自豪
in the background 在幕後
be able to do能夠、會做某事
among 在…中間(三者以上)
between在…中間(兩者之間)
in front of 在…前面(物體外)
in the front of在…前面(物體內)
think of sb/sth想起覺得
think about sb/sth考慮
take place發生 (非偶然或有計劃的)
happen發生 (偶然或突然性)
awake醒著的--asleep睡著的
have to不得不
hurry up趕快
in a hurry匆忙
hurry to +地點 趕往某地
break up 使粉碎 解散
make a mistake犯錯
make sure確認 確保 查明
except 除…以外(表示從整體中減去一部分)
except for 除…以外(把某一點除外)
besides 除…以外(表示並非真正排除)
true to life很逼真
face to face面對面
in one's opinion以某人的觀點
come on (燈)亮起來 加油
play a joke on sb 開玩笑在某人身上
play a joke with sb 和某人開玩笑
at the moment用於現在時表示"片刻"的意思,
用於過去時表示"那時"的意思
for a moment常與連續性動詞連用表示"一會兒,片刻"
for the moment常用於現在時意味"暫時、目前"
as…as you can盡可能…
find out找到…(通過探索觀察而發現事實的真相)
discover找到…(發現的對象本來是存在的只是以前不知道)
not at all一點兒也不
bring sth帶來某物
get virus中病毒
go wrong出毛病、壞掉.
climb out of爬出
take medicine吃葯
make sure確信、有把握
worry about擔心(表動作)
be worried=worry about
be worried about擔心(表狀態)
be worried about sb/sth擔心某人或某物
although雖然----but 但是(兩者不能連用)
because因為 ----so所以(兩者同樣不能連用)
pull sth off 成功做了某事(難事等)
pull down拆毀(建築)
pull through克服困難、共度難關
pull together控制(自己)感情
pull out 取出、(火車)離站
…day(s) of …天假
whole day整天
put away把……收起來
put out把火熄滅,把燈關上
put off推辭
put on穿上
put up with容忍,忍受