四級英語的連詞

A. 英語連詞大全

(1) 先後次序關系：

at this time; first; second; at last; next；previously; simultaneously同時地; eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；seeing...由於，因為；

(2) 因果關系：

because；because of this；being that（口語）既然，因為；another important factor／reason of... ； since； as； for； in that...； owing to由於，通常負面； e to由於； for the reason that...； in view of鑒於，考慮到 result from

(3) 轉折關系：

but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of不顧 ；despite that； in spite of that； regardless of不顧; yet...；and yet；but unless. Nonetheless盡管如此

(4) 並列關系：

and; also；too；as well as；either...，or...；both...and...

(5) (補充)遞進關系：

furthermore此外，而且；moreover而且，此外；further進一步地，此外；In this way ；still； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition (to)；

additionally, much more interesting, more specifically更具體地說, next, besides； as far as... is concerned至於; moreover此外；in other words；

B. 英語作文連接詞的問題

表層次:First; Second; What』s more; In addition; Apart from this; Last but not least;
表觀點: Personally; In my opinion; As far as I am concerned; As far as I know; What I want to stress is that…(我想強調的是…); … hold the opinion that… 某人持有…的主張; According to sb, …依照某人的觀點看,…;
表轉折: However, …… ; …., but …
表讓步: Although/ Though, …; Despite the fact that…;
表因果: Because/ As…..; Since/ Now that, …Therefore, …; …., thus,…; …., so… ;
表遞進: not only…, but also…; …as well as;
表概括: In a word; In short; To sum up;
Only in this way can we do it well (只有通過這種辦法,我們才能把它做好. 注意: 該句型用倒裝語序) ;

C. 四級寫作常用連詞

both …自and 兩者
not only…but (also), as well as不但…而且
either…or
not…but…
so, therefore
therefore, then, yet
so…that
such…that
so...as
as ...as
as... form then
before
not only ..but also
yet
since
as ...as

D. 英語四級作文考試復習資料，連接詞，句子結構等，怎樣寫。說說你的心得，

寫作是本人的老本行，高中一般都是21-23這個級別，大學英語作文被老師在班上推介為範文！！
對於作文，我說的最多的就是：不走尋常路！你不要以為在網上下載那些所謂的優秀作文，拿來背背，你就成為高手了，其實大錯特錯！因為我看了之後也覺得一般，甚至有些拙劣，嘩眾取寵的味道，比如有的所謂優秀作文竟然還用什麼be good at ，importance，very much，depend on，in my opinion ，completely 這樣低等的寫作詞彙，說它低等，那是因為這些詞彙已經廣為人知，閱卷老師已經看的麻木不仁了！
要寫出高人一等的作文，我覺得並不難，只要你有一定的語法基礎和一定量的寫作詞彙（越高級越好），寫作句型，就足可以應對常規的高考，四六級考試……（我記得高中25分滿分的作文我可以保持在21-23這個級別，四六級的作文都是110多分）
首先是語法，在你的語法達到一定層次之後，你就可以追求更多的變化了，比如，用虛擬語氣句型it is high time that we……代替常用的it is necessary that we should……，又如用倒裝句代替常見的平鋪直敘等，這樣可以增加你的語法亮點，讓已經有些麻木一直想睡覺的閱卷老師眼睛一亮，在你的試卷上多掃射一番！
其次，是詞彙，我覺得，在你的語法達到基本不會出錯的程度上，作文便應該以詞彙取勝，因為在這個層次上，大家的語法都差不多，沒什麼變化，唯一有變化的就是你的詞彙！給你打個比方吧，很多想到「許多」就用many，但是你別忘了many a ；handsome；massive，innumerable，a multitude of ；很多人想到「專家」就寫expert，但很少人會想到specialist，很多人在想到「擅長」這詞，就寫be good at ，卻不知還有更高級的表達法：be expert at 或者excel in …高手和庸才，就體現在這些細微的差別上！
再次，是怎麼將文章潤色，從而使你的文章大放異彩！！關於這方面，我覺得我自己使用最多的，也是我自創的------叫做「添油加醋」，包括如下幾個方面：盡可能地在形容詞前使用副詞，在介詞短語中加入適當的形容詞和副詞，在過去分詞前加入副詞，在名詞之前盡可能多用形容詞……，總之就是盡可能地使用形容詞和副詞。我覺得這樣做有一個好處，那就是使原本乾巴巴的句子變得血肉豐滿，比如：
1.The regular physical exercise contributes to our health 改成The regular physical exercise contributes tremendously to our health!
2.In my opinion,the driver』s carelessness should be responsible for this road accident改成
3For my part，the driver『s negligence should be dominantly responsible for this unexpectedly horrible accident
4The majority of students believe that the part-time job will provide them with more oppportunities to develop their interpersonal skills改成The majority of students firmly believe that the part-time job will undoubtedly provide them with golden opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills tremendously!
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
最後，我建議你，平時讀報，或者做題的時候，發現有好的句子好的詞彙，你要抄下來，長期下來，你的作文會有提高的，需要說明的是，這個提高過程可能很緩慢，但是最後能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保證在21-23這個級別，靠的就是對語法的熟練掌握和積累了許多較高級的詞彙，句型，句子。

附錄
1. 關於……人們有不同的觀點。一些人認為……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest
that ____.
2. 俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。
There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our
forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 現在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First,
____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 現在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因為……，另外（而且）……。
Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.
Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both
advantages and disadvantages.
6. 關於……人們的觀點各不相同，一些人認為（說）……，在他們看來，……
People』s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say
that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……，這個問題變得越來越嚴重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more
serious.
8. ……已成為人的關注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當中，將引發激烈的辯論。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and
heated debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時也引發一些嚴重的問題。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day
life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious
problems as well.
10. 根據圖表/數字/統計數字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什麼呢？
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar
graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but
why?
（二）中間段落句
1. 相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認為……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same
time，they say____.
2. 但是，我認為這不是解決……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For
example，____.Worst of all，___.
3. ……對我們國家的發展和建設是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our country"s development and
construction. First，______.What"s more, _____.Most important of
all,______.
4. 有幾個可供我們採納的方法。首先，我們可以……。
There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面臨……，我們應該採取一系列行之有效的方法來……。一方面……，另一方面，
Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures
to______. For one thing，______For another，______
6. 早就應該拿出行動了。比如說……，另外……。所有這些方法肯定會……。
It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In
addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.
7. 為什麼……？第一個原因是……；第二個原因是……；第三個原因是……。總的來說，……的主要原因是由於……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The
third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______e to ______.
8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好壞兩個方面一樣，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。
However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also
has its own disadvantages, such as ______.
9. 盡管如此，我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.
10. 完全同意……這種觀點（陳述），主要理由如下：
I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
（三）結尾句
1. 至於我，在某種程度上我同意後面的觀點，我認為……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.
I think that ____.
2. 總而言之，整個社會應該密切關注……這個問題。只有這樣，我們才能在將來……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of
______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
3. 但是，……和……都有它們各自的優勢（好處）。例如，……，而……。然而，把這兩者相比較，我更傾向於（喜歡） ……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____,
while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我個人而言，我相信……，因此，我堅信美好的未來正等著我們。因為……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I』m confident that a bright
future is awaiting us because______.
5. 隨著社會的發展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每個人都願為社會貢獻自已的一份力量，這個社會將要變得越來越 好。
With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to
____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it
will be better and better.
6. 至於我（對我來說，就我而言），我認為……更合理。只有這樣，我們才能……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you
_____.
7. 對我來說，我認為有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最後……但同樣重要的是……
In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows.
First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.
8. 在總體上很難說……是好還是壞，因為它在很大程度上取決於……的形勢。然而，就我個人而言，我發現……。
It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it
depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal
point of view find______.
9. 綜上所述，我們可以清楚地得出結論……
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the
conclusion that____.
10. 如果我們不採取有效的方法，就可能控制不了這種趨勢，就會出現一些意想不到的不良後果，所以，我們應該做的是 ……
If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some
undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do
is_____.

一)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the
phenomenon(problem).
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
But the fundamental cause is that ...
二)比較
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim
that...
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are
...

三)批駁
1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more
important fact.
3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
四)後果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it proces is ...
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
4. Its consequence can be so great that...
五)舉例
1) A good case in point is ...
2) As an illustration, we may take ...
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) ...is often cited as an example.
六)證明
1) No one can deny the fact that ...
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
4) Recent studies indicate that ...
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
七)開篇
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.
7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
8) According to a recent survey, ...
9) With the rapid development of ..., ...
八)結尾
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that
...
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...
5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.
6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more
problems will crop up.
8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved
thoroughly.
9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take
actions to ...
10) Taking all these into account, we ...
11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is
certain/clear...

E. 英語四級考試作文的各種題型的模板和各種轉折連詞

1. 關於……人們有不同的觀點。一些人認為……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest
that ____.
2. 俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。
There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our
forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 現在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First,
____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 現在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因為……，另外（而且）……。
Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.
Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both
advantages and disadvantages.
6. 關於……人們的觀點各不相同，一些人認為（說）……，在他們看來，……
People』s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say
that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……，這個問題變得越來越嚴重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more
serious.
8. ……已成為人的關注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當中，將引發激烈的辯論。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and
heated debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時也引發一些嚴重的問題。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day
life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious
problems as well.
10. 根據圖表/數字/統計數字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什麼呢？
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar
graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but
why?
（二）中間段落句
1. 相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認為……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same
time，they say____.
2. 但是，我認為這不是解決……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For
example，____.Worst of all，___.
3. ……對我們國家的發展和建設是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our country"s development and
construction. First，______.What"s more, _____.Most important of
all,______.
4. 有幾個可供我們採納的方法。首先，我們可以……。
There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面臨……，我們應該採取一系列行之有效的方法來……。一方面……，另一方面，
Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures
to______. For one thing，______For another，______
6. 早就應該拿出行動了。比如說……，另外……。所有這些方法肯定會……。
It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In
addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.
7. 為什麼……？第一個原因是……；第二個原因是……；第三個原因是……。總的來說，……的主要原因是由於……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.Thethird is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______e to ______.

F. 列舉英語四級作文常用銜接詞.比如說"相反地","進一步說","另外"什麼的.帶例句,範文更好

1) 先後次序關系：at this time; first; second; at last; next；; simultaneously; eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；seeing...；since then；first of all；afterwards; following this; preceding this.
2) 因果關系：because；because of this；being that；another important factor／reason of... ； since； as； for； in that...； owing to； e to； for the reason that...； in view of； the reason seems to be obvious; there are about... ；for this reason; as a result of this； therefore；...and so...； consequently；as a result； thus； hence； so；so that...； in consequence； as a consequence； accordingly; inevitably; under these conditions; thereupon.
3) 轉折關系：but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of ；despite that； in spite of that； regardless of; yet...；and yet； but unless.
4) 並列關系： and; also；too；as well as；either...，or...；both...and...
5) (補充)遞進關系： furthermore；moreover；further；In this way ；still； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition (to)；additionally, much more interesting, more specifically, next, besides； as far as... is concerned; moreover；in other words；along this line of consideration；on the one hand...，on the other hand...； even； as a poplar saying goes...；in order to do it...; meanwhile； at the same time； accordingly； In the first place...，in the second place...;equally important; of even greater appeal.
6) 比較關系： similarly; in like manner, in comparison with；when compared with；compared with；when in fact...; like...； likewise； similarly important； apart from (doing)...； ... rather than...，by doing so ；both…and...; in the same way; not only...but (also).
7) 對照(不同點)：yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although; though; but; however; something is just the other way around；yet; conversely； unlike； opposed to; as opposed to ； in contrast (to)； by way of；on the contrary；different from this；as opposed to this； nevertheless; contrary to； whereas； while；but on the other hand.
8) 舉例關系:for example； for instance； in this case; namely； as you know； you may as／say； as he explains； like； such as； a case in point is...; consider...； in particular；including...；for one thing...，for another...；put it simply；stated roughly； as an illustration， I will say...； a good example (of...)would be...；to detail this，I would like to...； It is interesting to note that...；in this situation; as proof; take the case of; take as example (something)； as for; as regards； as to； according to; on this occasion.
9) 強調關系：in fact; especially；particularly；moreover；naturally; what is more important； in reality； certainly; of course; indeed; in particular；not to mention...；believe it or not；undeniably; other thing being equal；it is certain／sure that...；to be strict; to be true；by definition; definitely; undoubtedly; without a doubt; in truth, in any event(不論怎樣); without reservation(毫無保留地); obviously, not only.. but(also...), both... and...
10) 條件關系: if；unless; lest；provided that；if it is the case；in this sense；once...；if possible；if necessary；if so；if not all; if anything.
11) 歸納總結類： in other words；on the whole; in sum; therefore；hence；in short；in brief；to sum up；in conclusion; in summary； to conclude； the conclusion can be drawn that...; for this reason; in short.
12) 地點關系：beyond; opposite to; adjacent to; at the same place; there; over; in the middle; around; in front of; in the distance; farther; here and there; above; below; at the right; between; on this side.
13) 目的關系：with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way, since; so that; on that account; in case; with a view to; for the same reason.
14) 重申關系：in other words; that is to say; as I have said; again; once again.
15) 結果關系：accordingly; thus; consequently; hence; therefore; thereupon; inevitably; under these conditions; as a result; as a consequence; because; because of; so that; not only...but (also...); so... as to.
16) 順序關系：first; second; thirdly; next; then; at the outset(在開始時)，following this; at this time; now; at this point; after; afterward; after this; subsequently; lastly; finally; consequently; before this; previously; preceding this; simultaneously; concurrently(同時).
17) 時間關系：at once; immediately; at length; in the mean time; meanwhile; at the same time; in the end; then; soon; not long after; later; at once; at last; finally; some time ago; at present; all of a sudden; from this time on; from time to time; since then; when; whenever; next point; a few minutes later; formerly; as; once; since; occasionally; in a moment; shortly; whereupon; previously

寫作模板:
辯論式議論文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀點2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.
There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據1.
More importantly, 論據2.
Most important of all, 論據3.
In summary, 總結觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.
或 From above, we can predict that 預測.
模版2
People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.
For one thing, 論據1.
For another, 論據2.
Last but not the least, 論據3.
To conclude, 總結觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.
或 From above, we can predict that 預測.
模版3
There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（爭論的焦點）. Some people are of the view that 觀點1, while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.
First of all, 論據1.
Furthermore, 論據2.
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 論據3.
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結觀點.
As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.
或 From above, we can predict that 預測.
圖表式作文
It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).
What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一個原因). More importantly, …(第二個原因). Most important of all, …(第三個原因).
From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括弧里的使用於那些不太好的變化趨勢).
提綱式作文
1． 對立觀點式
A．有人認為X 是好事，贊成X， 為什麼？
B． 有人認為X 是壞事， 反對X，為什麼？
C．我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反對X 的第一個理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一個例子。
There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個壞處。
2． 批駁觀點式
A．一個錯誤觀點。
B． 我不同意。
Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響）。
There might be some element of truth in these people』s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。
3． 社會問題（現象）式
A．一個社會問題或者現象。
B． 產生的原因
C．對社會和我們生活的影響
D． 如何杜絕。（如果是問題的話）
E． 前景的預測。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 調查內容說明這種現象的情況。（或者是一個例子）。
There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..

英語四六級寫作絕招
開頭萬能公式
1． 開頭萬能公式一：名人名言
有人問了，「我沒有記住名言，怎麼辦？尤其是英語名言？」，很好辦：編！
原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦！而且沒准將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？
經典句型：
A proberb says, 「 You are only young once.」 （適用於已記住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （適用於自編名言）
更多經典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2． 開頭萬能公式二：數字統計
原理：要想更有說服力，就應該用實際的數字來說明。
原則上在議論文當中十不應該出現虛假數字的，可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graation.
看起來這個數字文鄒鄒的，其實都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造：
Honesty：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，大學生向老師請假的理由當中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。
Youth：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，在某個大學，學生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根據最近的一項統計調查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that …
結尾萬能公式
1． 結尾萬能公式一：如此結論
說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經歷，領導長篇大論，到最後終於冒出個「總而言之」之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領導說結束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果讀者很難「顯而見之」，但說無妨，就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了！
更多過渡短語：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2． 結尾萬能公式二：如此建議
如果說「如此結論」是結尾最沒用的廢話，那麼「如此建議」應該是最有價值的廢話了，因為這里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
這里的虛擬語氣用得很經典，因為考官本來經常考這個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎麼想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
寫作的「七項基本原則」
一、 長短句原則
工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個短小精闢的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可見，長短句結合，抑揚頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！
強烈建議：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長後短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然後在闡述幾個要點的時候採用先短後長的句群形式，定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結尾一般用一長一短就可以了。

二、 主題句原則
國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成「群龍無首」之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內，結果造成我們稀里糊塗！不知所雲！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險型）或者結尾，讓讀者一目瞭然，必會平安無事！
特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險的！
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、 一二三原則
領導講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點… 如此羅嗦。可畢竟還是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關鍵性的「標簽」來判定你的文章是否結構清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞彙加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。
1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）
3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強烈推薦）
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強烈推薦）
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強烈推薦）
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用於兩點的情況）
10）for one thing, for another thing（適用於兩點的情況）
建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時說話的時候也應該條理清楚！

四、 短語優先原則
寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：其一、用短語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認識的短語，必然會看你低一等。相反，如果發現亮點—精彩的短語，那麼你的文章定會得高分了。其二、關鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字數，怎麼辦？用短語是一個辦法！比如：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.
I want it.
可以用短語表達：I am looking forward to it.
這樣字數明顯增加，表達也更准確。

五、 多實少虛原則
原因很簡單，寫文章還是應該寫一些實際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候，不應該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如：
走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房間應該說：slip out of the room
小姐走出房間應該說：sail out of the room
小孩走出房間應該說：dance out of the room
老人走出房間應該說：stagger out of the room
所以多用實詞，少用虛詞，文章將會大放異彩！

六、 多變句式原則
1）加法（串聯）
都希望寫下很長的句子，像個老外似的，可就是怕寫錯，怎麼辦，最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前後的句子又先後關系或者並列關系。比如說：
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者並列的，我們可以用一個超級句式：
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短語可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2）轉折（拐彎抹角）
批評某人缺點的時候，我們總習慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優點，然後轉入正題，再說缺點，這種方式雖然陰險了點，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時候，只要在要點之前先來點廢話，注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短語：
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3）因果（so, so, so）
昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩，然後我主動搭訕，然後我們去咖啡廳，然後我們認識了，然後我們成為了朋友…可見，講故事的時候我們總要追求先後順序，先什麼，後什麼，所以然後這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先後或因果關系！
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短語：
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）
有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現這樣的句子，就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。
舉例：This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復雜成分：
When to go, Why he goes away…
5）附加（多此一舉）
如果有了老婆，總會遇到這樣的情況，當你再講某個人的時候，她會插一句說，我昨天見過他；或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話裡面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don』t enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
其實很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除後不影響整個句子的構成；定語從句—借用之前的關鍵詞並且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。
6）排比（排山倒海句）
文學作品中最吸引人的地方莫過於此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那麼我希望你引用一個個的排比句，一個個得對偶句，一個個的不定式，一個個地詞，一個個的短語，如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢！
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. （氣勢恢宏）
要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、 挑戰極限原則
既然是挑戰極限，必然是比較難的，但是並非不可攀！
原理：在學生的文章中，很少發現諸如獨立主格的句子，其實也很簡單，只要花上5分鍾的時間看看就可以領會，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。比如：
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪！
文章主體段落三大殺手鐧
一、舉實例
思維短路，舉實例！提出一個觀點，舉實例！提出一個方案，舉實例！而且者也是我們揭示一個觀點最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無法繼續文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子！
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.
更多句型：
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example
二、做比較
方法：寫完一個要點，比較與之相似的；又寫完一個要點，再比較與之相反的；
世界上沒有同樣的指紋，沒有相同的樹葉，文章亦同，只有通過比較，你才會發現二者的相同點（through comparison）和不同點（through contrast）。下面是一些短語：
相似的比較：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比較：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …
三、換言之
沒話說了，可以換一句話再說，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點。
實際就是重復重復再重復！下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
或者上面我們舉過的例子：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.
因此可以這樣說：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.
更多短語：
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

四六級寫作常見句型
（1）用於描寫漫畫、圖表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts , …
②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …
③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,
④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …
⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …

（2）用於句首提出論題或現象的句型
①Recently , …has

G. 英語四級作文常用詞彙

四級資料總結——寫作常用詞彙短語

1.校園生活類：
1)大學學習類：
application from 申請表
assignment 作業
instructor輔導老師
assessment (對學生的學習情況)評估
course arrangement 課程安排
credit 學分
dean 導師
enrolment\register for 注冊
oral examination 口試
graate school 研究生院
letter of recommendation 推薦信
participation 出勤
postgraate 研究生
president 校長
required course\compulsory course 必修課
optional course 選修課
score\mark 分數
school of Arts and Sciences 文理學院
take an examination\sit an examination 參加考試
undergraate 本科生

2)大學生活類
cafeteria 自助小餐廳
call slip 索書單
campus 校園
club 學生俱樂部
current account 現金帳戶
current issues 本期刊物
back issues 過期刊物
catalogue 目錄
deposit money in a bank 存錢
dining hall 食堂
dormitory 宿舍
lecture hall 階梯教室
library card 借書卡
overe and pay a fine 過期罰款
renew (借書)續借
shopping mall\centre 購物中心
society 學生社團
student union 學生會
withdraw\draw cash 取錢

2.交通旅遊類
1)交通規則類
crash 撞車
amber light 黃燈
cross road 十字路
drive without license 無證駕駛
excessive speed 超速
green light綠燈
traffic jam 交通擁擠
narrow road 窄路
red light 紅燈
parking place 停車場
speed limit 速度限制
traffic light 紅綠燈
traffic police 交通警察
traffic regulation 交通規則
zebra stripes 斑馬線

2)旅遊類詞彙
check-in登記入住
check-out 結帳離開(退房)
holiday resort 度假區
one-way ticket 單程機票
place of sightseeing 游覽勝地
room service 客房服務
round-trip ticket 來回機票
sightseeing tour 觀光旅遊
star-rated hotel 星級飯店
tour group 旅遊團隊
tour guide 導游
travel service 旅行社
vacation tour 度假旅遊
tourist attraction 旅遊勝地

3.社會熱點類
bid for the Olympic Games 申辦奧運會
birth control 計劃生育
brain drain 人才外流
bubble economy 泡沫經濟
care forsenior citizens 關心老年人
comprehensive national power 綜合國力
compulsory ecation 義務教育
computer crime 電腦犯罪
divorce 離婚
dropout student 失學兒童
economic globalization\economic integration 經濟全球化
ecation for all-round development 素質教育
exam-oriented ecation 應試教育
intellectual property rights 知識產權
juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
knowledge-based economy 知識經濟
laid-off worker 下崗職工
migrant worker 民工
net friend 網友
net citizen 網民
off line 下線
online love affair 網戀
people oriented\people foremost 以人為本
pioneering spirit 首創精神
preserve the ecological environment 保護生態環境
prime time 黃金時段
puppy love 早戀
rate of unemployment 失業率
rural population 鄉村人口
self-protection awareness 自我保護意識
self-service ticketing 無人售票
shopping online 網上購物
single parent family 單親家庭
surf the Internet 網上沖浪
sustainable development 可持續發展
team spirit 團隊精神
rece study load 學生減負
university students』 innovative undertaking 大學生創業
virtual net 虛擬網路
win-winsituation 雙贏局面
chain debts 三角債
assistant president 總裁助理
eliminate illiteracy 掃盲
excusive agency 專賣店
New Human Being 新新人類
online trading platfrom 網上交易平台
cost of living\income maintenance 生活費用
advance with times 與時俱進
A well-paid job 待遇豐厚的工作

四級作文常見連接詞總結：

1.表示空間順序
near to
far from
in the front of
beside
behind
to the right
to the left
on the other side of

2.表示時間順序
first
after a few days
eventually
at that time
in the meantime
meanwhile
afterward
from then on

3.表示舉例
for example
to name a few
, say ,
such as

4.表示遞進(補充說明)關系
in addition
furthermore
what』s more
what』s worse

5.表示對比關系
whereas
while
as opposed to
by contrast
by comparison
希望對您有幫助，好請採納

H. 英語 語法 四級

片語也有詞性。
such as介詞片語
not only連詞
instead of是介詞