1. 關於英語詞彙中常用的前綴和後綴的詳細資料
auto-表示「自已的」:autobiography自傳
bi-表示「兩個」:bicycle自行車
-表示「生命」:hiology生物學
co-表示「共同」:cooperate合作
counter-表示「相反的」:counter-clockwise逆時針
dis-表示否定:dishonest不誠實的
il-表示否定(在字母l的前面):illegal非法的
im-表示否定(在字母m,b和P的前面):
impossible不可能的
in-表示否定:inactive不活潑的
ir-表示否定(在字母r的前面):irregular不規則的
inter-表示「互相」:international國際的
kilo-表示「千」:kilometers千米,公里
mid-表示「中間」:midday中午
mini-表示「特小的」:miniskirt超短裙
mis-表示「錯誤地」:misunderstand誤解
non-表示否定:nonstop直達的
post-表示「…後的」:postwar戰後的
pre-表示「…前的」:prewar戰前的
re-表示「重新」:rewrite重寫
sub-表示「下面的」:subway地下鐵路
super-表示「超級」:superfine特級的
un-表示否定:unimportant不重要的
二、常用後綴
1.名詞後綴
-ee:employee雇員.trainee受訓者
-er,-0r:writer作家,conctor導體
-ion,-tion,-ation:collection收集,composition作文,observation觀察
-ist:artist藝術家,scientist科學家
-ment:arrangement安排,development 發展
-ness:kindness仁慈,happiness高興
-ship:friendship友誼,membership會員 資格
2.動詞後綴
-ify:beautify美化,simplify簡化
ize:modernize現代化,standardize標准化
3.形容詞後綴
-able,-ible,-ble:acceptable可接受的, divisible可分開的
-al:environmental環境的,exceptional 例外的
-ful:beautiful漂亮的,useful有用的
-less:careless粗心的,homeless無家可 歸的
-ous:dangerous危險的,famous著名的
-ly:daily每天的,manly丈夫氣概的
4.副詞後綴
-ly:compeletely完全地,really真正地
-ward:backward向後,onward向前
-wise:clockwise順時針地,likewise同樣地
2. 舉幾個常見的幾個英語中前綴和後綴
常用英語前綴後綴
一. 常見的前綴
1.表示否定意義的前綴
1)純否定前綴
a-, an-,dis- in-, ig-, il, im, ir, ne-, n-, non-, neg-, un-
2)表示錯誤的意義
male-, mal-,mis-, pseudo-,
3)表示反動作的意思
de-,dis-, un-,
4)表示相反,相互對立意思
anti-, ant-contra-, contre-, contro-,counter-, ob-, oc-, of-, op-, with-,
2. 表示空間位置,方向關系的前綴
1)a- 表示「在……之上」,「向……」
2)by- 表示「附近,鄰近,邊側」
3)circum-, circu-, 表示「周圍,環繞,回轉」
4)de-, 表示「在下,向下」
5)en-, 表示「在內,進入」
6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示「外部,外」
7)extra-, 表示「額外」
8)fore- 表示「在前面」
9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示「向內,在內,背於」
10)inter-, intel-, 表示「在……間,相互」
11)intro-, 表示「向內,在內,內側」
12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示「中,中間」
13)out-, 表示「在上面,在外部,在外」
14)over-, 表示「在上面,在外部,向上」
15)post-, 表示"向後,在後邊,次」
16)pre-, 表示"在前」在前面」
17)pro-, 表示「在前,向前」
18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示「在下面,下」
19)super-, sur-, 表示「在…..之上」
20)trans-, 表示「移上,轉上,在那一邊」
21)under-, 表示「在…..下面,下的」
22)up-, 表示「向上,向上面,在上」
3. 表示時間,序列關系的前綴
1)ante-, anti-, 表示「先前,早於,預先」
2)ex-, 表示「先,故,舊」
3)fore-, 表示「在前面,先前,前面」
4)mid-, medi-, 表示「中,中間」
5)post-"表示「在後,後」
6)pre-, pri-, 表示「在前,事先,預先」
7)pro-, 表示「在前,先,前」
8)re-, 表示「再一次,重新」
4. 表示比較程度差別關系的前綴
1)by-, 表示「副,次要的」
2)extra-,表示「超越,額外」
3)hyper- 表示「超過,極度」
4)out-,表示「超過,過分」
5)over-,表示「超過,過度,太」
6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示「低,次,副,亞」
7)super-, sur- 表示「超過」
8)under-,表示「低劣,低下」
9)vice- 表示「副,次」
5. 表示共同,相等意思的前綴
1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示「共同,一起」。
2)syn-, syl-,sym-,表示「同,共,和,類」
6. 表示整個完全意思的前綴
1)al- 表示「完整,完全」alone, almost,
2) over-表示「完全,全」overall, overflow(充滿)
3) pan-表示「全,總,萬」panentheism(泛神論),panorama
7. 表示分離,離開意思的前綴
1)a- ab-, abs-,表示「分離,離開」 away, apart, abstract, abstain
2)de- 表示「離去,處去」depart, decolour,
3)dis-, di-, dif-, 表示「分離,離開」 divorce, disarm(繳械)
4)ex-, e-, 表示「離開,分離」expel, exclude, expatriate(驅出國外)
5)for- 表示「離開,脫離」forget, forgive
6)表示「離開」release, resolve
7)表示「分離,隔離」separate, sece, select
8. 表示通過,遍及意思的前綴
1)dia-,表示「通過,橫過」diameter, diagram,
2)per-, pel-, 表示「通,總,遍」perfect, perform, pervade(浸透)
3)trans-, 表示「橫過,貫通」transparent, transmit, transport
9. 表示加強意思的前綴
a-, ad-,
10. 表示變換詞類作用的前綴
be-,
en-,
ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-,
11. 表示數量關系的前綴
1)表示「單一」,「一」
mon-, mon-,
uni-, un-,
2)表示「二,兩,雙」
ambi-,
bi-, bin-, di-,
twi-,
3)表示「十」deca, deco-, dec- deci-, hecto-, hect-, centi-,
5)表示"千,千分子一」 kilo-,
6)表示"萬,萬分子一」
myria-, myri-,mega-, meg-, micro-,
7)表示"許多,復,多數」
multi-, mult-, poly-,
8)表示「半,一半」
hemi-, demi-,semi-, pene-, pen-
12. 表示特殊意義的前綴
1)arch-, 表示「首位,第一的,主要的」
2)auto-, 表示「自己,獨立,自動」
3)bene-, 表示「善,福」
4)eu-, 表示「優,美好」eugenics(優生學),euphemism
5)male-, mal- 表示「惡,不良」maltreatment, malodor,
6)macro-, 表示「大,宏大」macroscopic(宏觀)
7)magni-, 表示「大」magnificent
8)micro-, 表示「微」microscope
13. 表示術語的前綴
1)aud-, 表示「聽,聲」audience,
2)bio-, 表示「生命,生物」biography(傳記)
3)ge-, 表示「地球,大地」geography
4)phon-, 表示「聲,音調」phonograph
5)tele-, 表示「遠離」television, telephone
二. 常見的後綴
1. 名詞後綴
(1) 具有某種職業或動作的人
1)-an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人,精通……的人」American, historian,
2)-al, 表示"具有……職務的人" principal,
3)-ant,-ent, 表示"……者」 merchant, agent, servant, student,
4)-ar, 表示"……的人」 scholar, liar, peddler
5)-ard, -art, 表示"做……的人」coward, laggard, braggart(誇張者)
6)-arian, 表示"……派別的人, ……主義的人」humanitarian, vegetarian
7)-ary, 表示"從事……的人" secretary, missionary
8)-ant, 表示"具有……職責的人" candidate, graate
9)-ator, 表示"做……的人" ecator, speculator(投機者)
10)-crat, 表示"某種政體,主義的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat
11)-ee, 表示"動作承受者" employee, examinee
12)-eer, 表示"從事於……人" engineer, volunteer
13)-er, 表示"從事某種職業的人, 某地區,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager
14)-ese, 表示" ……國人,…..地方的人」Japanese, Cantonese
15)-ess, 表示"陰性人稱名詞, actress, hostess, manageress
16)-eur, 表示"……家」 amateur, littérateur
17)-ian, 表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,從事……職業的人」Christian, physician(內科醫生),musician
18)-ician, 表示"精通者, ……家,」electrician, magician, technician
19)-icist, 表示"……家, …….者, …….能手」physicist, phoneticist, technicist
20)-ic, 表示"……者,……師" mechanic, critic
21)-ie, 表示"愛,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)
22)-ier, 表示"從事……職業」 cavalier, clothier, brazier(黃銅匠)
23)-ine, ian, 表示"陰性人稱" heroine, ballerina
24)-ist, 表示"從事……研究者,信仰……主義者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist
25)-ive, 表示"動作者,行為者」 native, captive
26)-logist, 表示"……學家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地質學家)
27)-or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator,
28)-ster, 表示"做…….事情的人」youngster, gamester(賭徒),songster
29)-yer, 表示" 從事……職業者」 lawyer
(2). 構成,具有抽象名詞的含義
1)-acy, 表示"性質,狀態,境遇" accuracy, diplomacy
2)-age, 表示"狀態,行為,身份及其結果,總稱" courage, storage, marriage
3)-al, a) 表示"事物的動作,過程」refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval
b) 表示具體的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal
4)-ance, -ence表示"性質,狀況,行為,過程,總量,程度」 enrance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience
5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性質,狀態,行為,過程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
6)-bility, 表示"動作,性質,狀態" possibility, feasibility,
7)-craft, 表示"工藝,技巧」 woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治國策)
8)-cracy, 表示"統治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy
9)-cy, 表示"性質,狀態,職位,級別" bankruptcy(破產),supremacy
10)-dom, 表示"等級,領域,狀態" freedom, kingdom, wisdom
11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行為,狀態,習性" bravery, bribery, rivalry
12)-ety, 表示"性質,狀態」 variety, biety(懷疑)
13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成,……化,作用" satisfaction, manufacture
14)-hood, 表示"資格,身份, 年紀,狀態" childhood, manhood, falsehood
15)-ice, 表示"行為,性質,狀態" notice, justice, service
16)-ine, 表示"帶有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine
17)-ing, 表示"動作的過程,結果" building, writing, learning
18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行為的過程,結果,狀況" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
19)-ise, 表示"性質,狀態」 exercise, merchandise(商業)
20)-ism, 表示"制度,主義,學說,信仰,行為" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
21)-ity, 表示"性質,狀態,程度」 purity, reality, ability, calamity
22)-ment, 表示"行為,狀態,過程,手段及其結果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
23)-mony, 表示"動作的結果,狀態" ceremony, testimony
24)-ness, 表示"性質,狀態,程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
25)-or, -our, 表示"動作,性質,狀態" favor, error,
26)-osity, 表示"動作,狀態」 curiosity
27)-ship, 表示"情況,性質,技巧,技能及身份,職業」 hardship, membership, friendship
28)-th, 表示"動作,性質,過程,狀態" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
29)-tude, 表示"性質,狀態,程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
30)-ure, 表示"行為,結果" exposure, pressure, failure, procere(手續),
31)-y, 表示"行為的結果,狀態,性質」 glory, history, victory, inquiry
(3) 帶有場所,地方的含義
1)-age, 表示"住所,地點" village, cottage
2)-ary, 表示"住所,場地" library, granary (谷倉)
3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作場所,飼養所,地點" laundry, nursery, surgery(手術室)
4)-ory, 表示"工作場所,住處" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory
(4) 帶有學術,科技含義
1)-grapy, 表示"……學,寫法」 biography, calligraphy, geography
2)-ic, ics, 表示"……學……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics
3)-ology, 表示"……學……論」biology, zoology, technology(工藝學)
4)-nomy, 表示"……學……術" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生態學)
5)-ery, 表示"學科,技術" chemistry, cookery, machinery
6)-y, 表示"……學,術,法」 photography, philosophy
(5) 表示人和事物的總和,集合含義
1)-age, baggage, tonnage
2)-dom, newspaperdom(新聞界)
3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood
4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(內閣)
5)-ure, legislature, judicature
(6) 表示物品和物質名稱的含義
1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant
2)-al, signal, pictorial(畫報)
3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)
4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker
5)-ery, drapery(綢緞)
6)-ing, clothing, matting,
7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment
(7) 表示「細小」的含義
1)-cle, particle,
2)-cule, molecule(分子)
3)-el, parcel
4)-en, chicken, maiden
5)-et, pocket, ticket
6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)
7)-kin, napkin
8)-ling, ckling,
9)-let, booklet
10)-y, baby, doggy
2. 形容詞後綴
(1)帶有「屬性,傾向,相關」的含義
1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible
2)-al, natural, additional, ecational
3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican
4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent
5)-ar, similar, popular, regular
6)-ary, military, voluntary
7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,
8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine
9)-ing, moving, touching, daring
10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish
11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive
12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory
13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)
(2) 表示「相象,類似」的含義
1)-ish, boyish, childish
2)-esque, picturesque
3)-like, manlike, childlike
4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
5)-some, troublesome, handsome
6)-y, milky, pasty
(3) 表示「充分的」含義
1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
3)-ent, violent,
(4) 表示由某種物質形成,製成或生產的含義
1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen
2)-ous, gaseous
3)-fic, scientific
(5) 表示方向的含義
1)-ern, eastern, western
2)-ward, downward, forward
(6) 表示「倍數」的含義
1)-ble, double, treble
2)ple, triple
3)-fold, twofold, tenfold
(7) 表示「數量關系」的含義
1)-teen, thirteen
2)-ty, fifty
3)-th, fourth, fiftieth
(8) 表示國籍,語種,宗教的含義
1)-an, Roman, European
2)-ese, Chinese,
3)-ish, English, Spanish
(9) 表示「比較程度」的含義
1)-er, greater
2)-ish, reddish, yellowish
3)-est, highest
4)-most, foremost, topmost
(10)其他的含義
-less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless
3. 動詞後綴
1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成,變成,……化「modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示"使成為,引起,使有」 quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成」beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示"使,令」 finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示「成為……,處理,作用」 separate, operate, indicate
4. 副詞後綴
1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply
2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward
3)-ways, always, sideways
4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise
3. 幫我整理一下英語詞彙中的前綴和後綴
前綴
一.表示否定的前綴
1.dis-加在名詞、形容詞,動詞之前。
disadvantage(缺點)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)
2.in-加在形容詞,名詞之前
incorrect(不正確的),inability(無能,無力),inaccurate(不準確的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前
impossible(不可能的),impolite(不禮貌的),impudence(厚顏無恥)
4.il-加在以1開頭的詞前
illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,無文化的)illogical(不合邏輯的)
5.ir-加在以r開頭的詞前
irregular(不穩定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解決的)
6.un-加在名詞,形容詞,副詞之前
unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(無疑的)unemployment(失業)
7.non-加在形容詞,名詞前
non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非電的)
8.mis-加在動詞、名詞之前
misunderstand(誤解),misjudge(誤判),misleading(誤導),misfortune(不幸)
9.dis-加在動詞之前
disappear(消失),disarm(解除武裝),disconnect(失去聯系)
10.de-加在名詞,形容詞之前
demobilize(遣散;使…復員) decolor (脫色, 漂白)
11.anti-加在名詞、形容詞之前
anti-Japanese(抗日戰爭),anti-social(厭惡社會的,反社會的),antidote(解毒葯)
12.counter-加在名詞、動詞前
counterattack(反攻,反擊),counteract(抵抗,阻礙)counterrevolution(反革命)
二.表示「前before」的前綴
1.pre-
preconception(成見),pre-exsiting(先於……而存在的),pre-selection(選舉前的) preface(前言)
2.Ante-
anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驅者)
3.Fore-
forehaed(前額),foreground(前景),foreman(工頭,領班),foresee(預見,先見),foretell(預言)
4.Pro-
programme(計劃),prologue(序幕)
5.Ex-
ex-president(前任總統)ex-wife(前妻)
三.表示「後-post」的前綴
1.post-
post-war(戰後),post-position(後置詞),postmeridian(下午)
四.表示「低」、「下」的前綴
1.Hypo-
Hypocrisy(偽善,虛偽),hypothesis(假設),pypocholoride(次氯酸鹽)
2.Infra-
Infra-red(紅外線),infrahuman(低於人類的),infrasonic(亞聲的,次聲的)
3.Sub-
Sub-editou(副編輯),sub-way(地鐵),sub-conscious(下意識的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亞熱帶的),subtitle(副標題)
五.表示「回」、「再次」、「向後」的前綴
1.Re-
Refuel(給…加油),retranslate(再譯),reinforce(加強),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)
2.Retro-
Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顧)
六.表示「共同」、「和」的前綴
1.Co-
co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-ecation(男女同校)
七.表示「相互」、「之間」的前綴
1.Inter-
Interchangeble(可互換的),interdependent(互相依靠的),international(國際的),inter-national(交往)
八. 表示「出」、「超出」的前綴
1.Ec-
Eclipse(蝕),ecstasy(狂想)
2.Extra-
Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感覺的)
九.表示「超過」的前綴
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-
hyper-sensitive(過敏的),preterhuman(超人的)
十.其它的前綴
1.auto-自
automatic(自動的),auto-autobilgraphy(自傳)
2.mal-壞,惡
Malnutrition(營養不良),maltreat(虐待)
3.Micro-
Microscope(顯微鏡),microtome(切片機)
4.Tele-遠
Telegram(電報),telephone(電話),telescope(望遠鏡)
5.Demi-,semi-hemi-
Semi-circle(半圓),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)
6.Uni-, mono-(單一, 單獨)
Monotone(單調),monologue(獨白),uniform(制服)
7.Bi-,di-二
Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)
8.Tri-三
Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)
9.Multi-多
multi-colored(顏色多樣的),multi-national(多國的)
10.Poly –多
Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)
11.Arch-首領
archbishop(大主教),architect(建築師)
12.bene-善,好
benefit(利益),benevolence(善意)
13.homo-同
homosexual(同性戀的),homograph(同形異義字)
14.neo新
neo-colonialism(新殖民主義),neolithic(新石器時代的)
15.ortho-正確,直
orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正統)
16.philo-摯愛
philosopher(哲學家)
17.proto-原始
protohydrogen(初氫),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生質)
18.pseudo-假的, 偽的, 冒充的
pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共產主義)
19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)從,自
avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)
20.Apo-,aph-來自
apology(道歉,謝罪),apostle(倡言者,先驅)
21.se-分離
separation(分開),secure(安全的),sedition(煽動叛亂)
22.para-防
parachute(降落傘),
23.omni-所有的,公共的
omnibus(公共汽車),omnipotence(萬能)
24.pan-全,泛
Pan-American(全美的),pancean(萬靈葯),panorama(風景的全貌;萬花筒)
25.panto-全
pantisocracy(烏托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(視野廣大)
26.dia-通過,藉以
diagonal(對角的),diagnosis(診斷),dialogue(對話)
27.Per-通過,徹底,不利
perambrlate(走來走去),perfect極好的
28.trans-通過,橫過
transcript(抄本, 副本; 記錄),translation(翻譯),transparent(透明的),transport(運輸),trans-plant(移植)
29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全
comment(評論),compile(編輯),correlation(相互關系),collect(收集),corruption(貪污腐敗),collaborate(合作,合著)
30.syn-共同
synonym(同義詞),synchronization(同步),syntonic(諧振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)
31.meta-和,在……之後
metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上學)
32.Cis-在這一邊
cisatlantic(大西洋這邊的)
33.pen-幾乎,相近
peninsular(.住在半島上的居民,半島(狀)的, 形成半島的)
34.en-,em-往……里,使……
encamp(扎營),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜愛),embrace(擁抱,抓住(機會))
35.intro內在
intracardiac(心臟內部的),intramolecular(分子內部的),intracelular(細胞內部的)
36.intro-到……中
introce(介紹),introspect(反省,內省)
37.dys-壞
dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)
38.Eu-優,美好
eulogy(頌詞),euphony(悅耳的聲音)
39.ambi-,amphi-兩者
amphibian(兩棲的),ambidextrous(兩只手都很靈巧的;心懷二意的;非常靈巧的)
40.penta-五
pentagon(五角大樓),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步詩句)
41.sex-六
sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)
42. sept-七
September九月(古羅馬的七月),septennial(七年一度)
43.hepta-七
heptab(七個成套之物),heptagon(七角形)
44.octa-,octo,oct八
octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)
45.nona-,ennea-九
nonagon(九角形),ennead(九個一組)
46.deci-,deca-十
decimal(十進位的),decagramme(十克)
47.centi-百
centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)
48.milli-千
millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)
49.Kilo-千
kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)
後綴
後綴-名詞後綴
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意為:從事某種職業或參與某種活動的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例詞:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor
2.-let意為:小或者不重要的東西(small,unimportant things)例詞:booklet,leaflet,starlet
3.-ette意為:1)小的東西(small)例詞:cigarette 2)假的東西(imitation)例詞:leatherette 3)女性(female)例詞: usherette
4.-ess意為:女性(female)例詞:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress
5.-hood意為:時期(status;etc.)例詞:boyhood,childhood,manhood
6.-ship意為:才能,狀態,資格,品質等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例詞:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
7.-ful意為:量(the amount which noun contains)例詞:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful
8.-tion,-ion意為:1)狀態,行動等(state;action;etc.)例詞:action,oppression,possession,ecation,starva- tion 2)機構等(institution;etc.)例詞: organization,foundation
9.-ment意為:狀態,行動等(state; action;etc.)例詞:movement,enslavement,pavement
10.-al意為:動作(action)例詞:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
11.-age意為:程度,數量等(extent; amount;etc.)例詞:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
12.-ness;-ity(ty)意為:狀態,品質(state;quality;etc.)例詞:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
13.-ism意為:道義,主義,學說等(doctrine of,practice of)例詞:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism
[編輯本段]後綴-動詞後綴
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ify意為:轉為,變為(to turn into,to make or become)例詞:beautify, diversify,simplify
2.-ize;-en意為:使……,變得……(to make or become ;to make into)例詞:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
3.-ate意為:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例詞:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
[編輯本段]後綴-形容詞後綴
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ful意為:充滿,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例詞:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
2.-less意為:沒有,無(without;not giving)例詞:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless
3.-ly意為:有……品質的(having the qualities of)例詞:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly
4.-like意為:像……的(like)例詞: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like
5.-y;-ish意為:像……一般的(somewhat like)例詞:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish
6.-some意為:像……一樣的;引起……的;有……品質的(like;causing; having the quality of)例詞:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome
7.-able(ible)意為:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例詞: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible
8.-ed意為:有……的(having,etc.)例詞:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped
9.-al意為:有……屬性的,……類型的(nature of,typical of)例詞:cultural,personal,regional,musical
10.-ary(ory)意為:屬於……的,與……相連的(belonging to;connected with)例詞:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory
11.-ous意為:富含……的;有……品質的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例詞:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious
12.-ic(ical)意為:……類的;屬於……的(typical of;belonging to)例詞: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic
13.-ive意為:有……屬性的;有某種傾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例詞:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
[編輯本段]後綴-副詞後綴
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ly意為:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)
例詞:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely
2.-ward(s)意為:表示方式或動作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例詞:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)
3.-wise意為:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例詞:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例詞:weatherwise ,ecationwise
4. 常見英語前綴和後綴
一、常見英語前綴
1、a-在……之上‖.在(船、飛機、車)上
2、ab-, abs-離開,偏離‖abnormala.反常的
3、anti-先‖anticipatevt.預期
4、ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-表加強意‖accusevt.指控
5、bene-好‖beneficiala.有益的
6、bio-生命‖biologyn.生物學
7、cata-向下‖catalog(ue)n.目錄
8、col-, com-, con-, co-, cor-共同,一起‖combatn.戰斗
9、contra-相反‖contrastv.對比,對照
10、de-離;加強詞意‖departvi.離開;背離
11、di-, dif-, dis-分開‖discardvt.丟棄
12、dia-穿過‖diametern.直徑
13、e-, ef-, ex-出,出來‖exportv.出口
14、em-, en-在……之中;使……‖enclosevt.圍住
15、fore-前‖foreheadn.前額
16、i-, il-, im-, in-不‖indifferenta.不關心的
17、im-, il-在……上‖imposevt.把……強加於
18、in-進入;向……‖indicatevt.表明,示意
19、inter-在……之間‖interferevi.干涉
20、micro-, mini-小‖microwaven.微波
21、multi-許多‖multiplea.復合的,多重的
22、non-不‖nonsensen.廢話
23、ob-, op-相反‖opposevt.反對
24、out-向外,出來‖outletn.出口
25、over-越過‖overlookvt.忽視
26、per-穿過‖perspectiven.視角
27、pre-在…之前‖pregnanta.懷孕的
28、pro-向前‖promotevt.促進
29、re-向後;再次‖recallvt.回憶起
30、semi-半‖semiconctorn.半導體
31、sub-在……下‖subwayn.地鐵
32、super-在……之上,超級的‖superiora.優於……的
33、trans-橫過,越過‖transplantvt.移栽
34、tri-三‖trianglen.三角
35、un-不‖uncovervt.揭露
36、under-在……下面,低於……‖underlinevt.在……下面劃線
37、uni-一個‖uniquea.唯一的,獨特的
二、常見英語後綴
1、動詞後綴:-ate,-en, -(i)fy, -ish, -ize/ise
2、副詞後綴:-ly,-ward(s), -way(s)
3、形容詞後綴:-able/ible,-al/ial,-full, -ic, -ish, -ive, -ly
4、表示「人」的名詞後綴:-ist,-man, -er/or, -ee, -ant
5、表示「小」的名詞後綴:-el,-let, -(c)ule
6、抽象名詞後綴:-ion,-hood, -ic(s), -ism, -ship, -ty
一個英語單詞可以分為三個部分:前綴(prefix),詞根(stem)及後綴(suffix)。單詞中位於詞根前面的部分就是前綴。前綴,可以改變單詞的意思。
5. 英文中有哪些常用的前綴和後綴
一、常用的前綴和後綴
1、常用前綴
aero-: the air of aircraft
plane—aeroplane
space—aerospace
anti-:against;opposite of
nuclear—antinuclear
matter—antimatter
war—antiwar
auto-:of or by oneself
biography—autobiography
criticism—autocriticism
be-:to treat as the stated thing
friend—befriend
little—belittle
bi-:two;twice;double
lingual—bilingual
cycle—bicycle
bio-:concerning living things
chemistry—biochemistry
sphere—biosphere
by-,bye-:less important
proce—by-proce
way—byway
centi-:hundredth part
grade—centigrade
meter—centimeter
co-:together,with
author—coauthor
exist—coexist
col-:( used before l ) together,with
location—collocation
com-:( used before b,m,p ) together,with
passion—compassion
con-:together,with
centric—concentric
federation—confederation
contra-:opposite
diction—contradiction
natural—contranatural
cor-:( used before r ) together,with
relate—correlate
respond—correspond
counter-:opposite
act—counteract
attack—counterattack
cross-:across;going between the stated things and joining them
country—crosscountry
breed—crossbreed
de-:showing an opposite;to remove;to rece
code—decode
value—devalue
dis-:not;the opposite of
advantage—disadvantage
agree—disagree
honest—dishonest
em-:( used before b,m,p ) to cause to become
body—embody
power—empower
en-:to cause to become;to make
danger—endanger
large—enlarge
ex-:former ( and still living )
minister—ex-minister
wife—ex-wife
extra-:outside;beyond
curricular—extracurricular
ordinary—extraordinary
fore-:in advance,before;in or at the front
arm—forearm
warn—forewarn
il-:( used before l ) not
legal—illegal
literate—illiterate
im-:( used before b,m,p ) not
moral—immoral
possible—impossible
in-:not
direct—indirect
sensitive—insensitive
infra-:below in a range;beyond
red—infrared
structure——infrastructure
inter-:between;among
change——interchange
national——international
intra-:inside,within;into
city——intracity
department——intra-department
ir-:(used before r)not
regular——irregular
responsible——irresponsible
kilo-:thousand
gram——kilogram
meter——kilometer
macro-:large,esp. concerning a whole system rather than
particular parts of
economics——macroeconomics
structure——macrostructure
mal-:bad or badly
function——malfunction
treat——maltreat
micro-:extremely small
computer——microcomputer
electronics——microelectronics
mid-:middle
day——midday
night——midnight
mini-:small;short
bus——minibus
skirt——miniskirt
mis-:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly
fortune——misfortune
understand——misunderstand
mono-:one;single
plane——monoplane
tone——monotone
multi-:more than one;many
purpose——multipurpose
national——multinational
non-:not
resident——non(-)resident
sense——nonsense
out-:outside;beyond
live——outlive
door——outdoor
over-:too much;above;additional
head——overhead
time——overtime
poly-:many
centric——polycentric
syllabic——polysyllabic
post-:later than;after
graate——postgraate
war——postwar
pre-:before;in advance
pay——prepay
war——prewar
pro-:in favor of,supporting
America——pro-America
abortion——pro-abortion
pseudo-:not real;false
name——pseudonym
science——pseudoscience
re-:again;back to the former state
unite——reunite
use——reuse
self-:by means of oneself or itself;of,to,with,for,or in
oneself or itself
employed——self-employed
taught——self-taught
semi-:half;partly
circle——semicircle
final——semifinal
step-:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried
mother——stepmother
children——stepchildren
sub-:under,below;less important;part of the stated bigger
whole
divide——subdivide
section——subsection
super-:more,larger,greater than usual
market——supermarket
natural——supernatural
tele-:at or over a long distance;by or for television
communication——telecommunication
screen——telescreen
therm(o)-:concerning heat
chemistry——thermochemistry
meter——thermometer
trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between
Atlantic—transatlantic
plant—transplant
tri-: three; three times
angular—triangular
cycle—tricycle
ultra-: beyond; very, extremely
modern—ultramodern
sound—ultrasound
un-: not
certain—uncertain
fortunate—unfortunate
under-: too little; below
develop—underdevelop
sea—undersea
uni-: one, singer
form—uniform
directional—unidirectional
vice-: next in the rank; below
chairman—vice-chairman
president—vice-president
2.常用後綴
(1)名詞後綴
-ability,-ibility
able—ability
flexible—flexibility
-age
post—postage
short—shortage
-al
arrive—arrival
refuse—refusal
-an,-ian,-arian
library—librarian
music—musician
-ance,-ence
appear—appearance
refer—reference
-ancy,-ency
emerge—emergency
expect—expectancy
-ant,-ent
apply—applicant
correspond—correspondent
-cy
accurate—accuratcy
private—privacy
-dom
king—kingdom
free—freedom
-ee
employ—employee
interview—interviewee
-er,-or,-ar
paint—painter
beg—beggar
-ery
brave—bravery
slave—slavery
-ese
China—Chinaese
Japan—Japanese
-ess
actor—actress
waiter—waitress
-ful
hand—handful
spoon—spoonful
-hood
child—childhood
man—manhood
-ics
electron—electronics
linguist—linguistics
-ion,-ition,-ation
collect—collection
observe—observation
-ism
Marx—Marxism
socialist—socialism
-ist
psychiatry—psychiatrist
violin—violinist
-ity,-ty
cruel—cruelty
pure—purity
-ment
move—movement
retire——retirement
-ness
dark——darkness
happy——happiness
-ology
climate——climatology
future——futurology
-ship
friend——friendship
scholar——scholarship
-sion,-ssion
decide——decision
expand——expansion
-th
grow——growth
wide——width
-ure
close——closure
expose——exposure
(2)動詞前綴
-en
deep——deepen
fast——fasten
-ify
class——classify
simple——simplify
-ize,-ise
modern——modernize / modernize
popular——popularize / popularize
(3)形容詞後綴
-able,-ible
suit——suitable
question——questionable
-al
nature——natural
structure——structural
-an,-arian,-ian
suburb——suburban
Canada——Canadian
-ant,-ent
differ——different
please——pleasant
-ary,-ory
advise——advisory
custom——customary
-ate
consider——considerate
fortune——fortunate
-en
gold——golden
wood——wooden
-ese
China——Chinese
Japan——Japanese
-free
care——carefree
ty——ty-free
-ful
care——careful
pain——painful
-ic,-ical
atom——atomic
psychology——psychological
-ish
girl——girlish
child——childish
-ive
create——creative
support——supportive
-less
hope——hopeless
pain——painless
-like
child——childlike
lady——ladylike
-ly
man——manly
month——monthly
-ous,-ious
danger——dangerous
poison——poisonous
-some
tire——tiresome
trouble——troublesome
-ward
down——downward
up——upward
-y
guilt-guilty
noise-noisy
(4)副詞後綴
-ly
easy-easily
heavy-heavily
-ward,-wards
east-eastward(s)
north-northward(s)
-wise
clock-clockwise
other-otherwise
http://www.fy888.net/english/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=53321
參考資料:http://www.mehome.net/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=2127
6. 英語常用前綴後綴的含義
一、常用的前綴和後綴
1、常用前綴
aero-:concerning the air of aircraft
plane—aeroplane
space—aerospace
anti-:against;opposite of
nuclear—antinuclear
matter—antimatter
war—antiwar
auto-:of or by oneself
biography—autobiography
criticism—autocriticism
be-:to treat as the stated thing
friend—befriend
little—belittle
bi-:two;twice;double
lingual—bilingual
cycle—bicycle
bio-:concerning living things
chemistry—biochemistry
sphere—biosphere
by-,bye-:less important
proce—by-proce
way—byway
centi-:hundredth part
grade—centigrade
meter—centimeter
co-:together,with
author—coauthor
exist—coexist
col-:( used before l ) together,with
location—collocation
com-:( used before b,m,p ) together,with
passion—compassion
con-:together,with
centric—concentric
federation—confederation
contra-:opposite
diction—contradiction
natural—contranatural
cor-:( used before r ) together,with
relate—correlate
respond—correspond
counter-:opposite
act—counteract
attack—counterattack
cross-:across;going between the stated things and joining them
country—crosscountry
breed—crossbreed
de-:showing an opposite;to remove;to rece
code—decode
value—devalue
dis-:not;the opposite of
advantage—disadvantage
agree—disagree
honest—dishonest
em-:( used before b,m,p ) to cause to become
body—embody
power—empower
en-:to cause to become;to make
danger—endanger
large—enlarge
ex-:former ( and still living )
minister—ex-minister
wife—ex-wife
extra-:outside;beyond
curricular—extracurricular
ordinary—extraordinary
fore-:in advance,before;in or at the front
arm—forearm
warn—forewarn
il-:( used before l ) not
legal—illegal
literate—illiterate
im-:( used before b,m,p ) not
moral—immoral
possible—impossible
in-:not
direct—indirect
sensitive—insensitive
infra-:below in a range;beyond
red—infrared
structure——infrastructure
inter-:between;among
change——interchange
national——international
intra-:inside,within;into
city——intracity
department——intra-department
ir-:(used before r)not
regular——irregular
responsible——irresponsible
kilo-:thousand
gram——kilogram
meter——kilometer
macro-:large,esp. concerning a whole system rather than
particular parts of
economics——macroeconomics
structure——macrostructure
mal-:bad or badly
function——malfunction
treat——maltreat
micro-:extremely small
computer——microcomputer
electronics——microelectronics
mid-:middle
day——midday
night——midnight
mini-:small;short
bus——minibus
skirt——miniskirt
mis-:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly
fortune——misfortune
understand——misunderstand
mono-:one;single
plane——monoplane
tone——monotone
multi-:more than one;many
purpose——multipurpose
national——multinational
non-:not
resident——non(-)resident
sense——nonsense
out-:outside;beyond
live——outlive
door——outdoor
over-:too much;above;additional
head——overhead
time——overtime
poly-:many
centric——polycentric
syllabic——polysyllabic
post-:later than;after
graate——postgraate
war——postwar
pre-:before;in advance
pay——prepay
war——prewar
pro-:in favor of,supporting
America——pro-America
abortion——pro-abortion
pseudo-:not real;false
name——pseudonym
science——pseudoscience
re-:again;back to the former state
unite——reunite
use——reuse
self-:by means of oneself or itself;of,to,with,for,or in
oneself or itself
employed——self-employed
taught——self-taught
semi-:half;partly
circle——semicircle
final——semifinal
step-:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried
mother——stepmother
children——stepchildren
sub-:under,below;less important;part of the stated bigger
whole
divide——subdivide
section——subsection
super-:more,larger,greater than usual
market——supermarket
natural——supernatural
tele-:at or over a long distance;by or for television
communication——telecommunication
screen——telescreen
therm(o)-:concerning heat
chemistry——thermochemistry
meter——thermometer
trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; between
Atlantic—transatlantic
plant—transplant
tri-: three; three times
angular—triangular
cycle—tricycle
ultra-: beyond; very, extremely
modern—ultramodern
sound—ultrasound
un-: not
certain—uncertain
fortunate—unfortunate
under-: too little; below
develop—underdevelop
sea—undersea
uni-: one, singer
form—uniform
directional—unidirectional
vice-: next in the rank; below
chairman—vice-chairman
president—vice-president
2.常用後綴
(1)名詞後綴
-ability,-ibility
able—ability
flexible—flexibility
-age
post—postage
short—shortage
-al
arrive—arrival
refuse—refusal
-an,-ian,-arian
library—librarian
music—musician
-ance,-ence
appear—appearance
refer—reference
-ancy,-ency
emerge—emergency
expect—expectancy
-ant,-ent
apply—applicant
correspond—correspondent
-cy
accurate—accuratcy
private—privacy
-dom
king—kingdom
free—freedom
-ee
employ—employee
interview—interviewee
-er,-or,-ar
paint—painter
beg—beggar
-ery
brave—bravery
slave—slavery
-ese
China—Chinaese
Japan—Japanese
-ess
actor—actress
waiter—waitress
-ful
hand—handful
spoon—spoonful
-hood
child—childhood
man—manhood
-ics
electron—electronics
linguist—linguistics
-ion,-ition,-ation
collect—collection
observe—observation
-ism
Marx—Marxism
socialist—socialism
-ist
psychiatry—psychiatrist
violin—violinist
-ity,-ty
cruel—cruelty
pure—purity
-ment
move—movement
retire——retirement
-ness
dark——darkness
happy——happiness
-ology
climate——climatology
future——futurology
-ship
friend——friendship
scholar——scholarship
-sion,-ssion
decide——decision
expand——expansion
-th
grow——growth
wide——width
-ure
close——closure
expose——exposure
(2)動詞前綴
-en
deep——deepen
fast——fasten
-ify
class——classify
simple——simplify
-ize,-ise
modern——modernize / modernize
popular——popularize / popularize
(3)形容詞後綴
-able,-ible
suit——suitable
question——questionable
-al
nature——natural
structure——structural
-an,-arian,-ian
suburb——suburban
Canada——Canadian
-ant,-ent
differ——different
please——pleasant
-ary,-ory
advise——advisory
custom——customary
-ate
consider——considerate
fortune——fortunate
-en
gold——golden
wood——wooden
-ese
China——Chinese
Japan——Japanese
-free
care——carefree
ty——ty-free
-ful
care——careful
pain——painful
-ic,-ical
atom——atomic
psychology——psychological
-ish
girl——girlish
child——childish
-ive
create——creative
support——supportive
-less
hope——hopeless
pain——painless
-like
child——childlike
lady——ladylike
-ly
man——manly
month——monthly
-ous,-ious
danger——dangerous
poison——poisonous
-some
tire——tiresome
trouble——troublesome
-ward
down——downward
up——upward
-y
guilt-guilty
noise-noisy
(4)副詞後綴
-ly
easy-easily
heavy-heavily
-ward,-wards
east-eastward(s)
north-northward(s)
-wise
clock-clockwise
other-otherwise
http://www.fy888.net/english/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=53321
7. 英語常見的前綴後綴所表達的意思
一.表示否定的前綴
1.dis-加在名詞、形容詞,動詞之前。
disadvantage(缺點)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)
2.in-加在形容詞,名詞之前
incorrect(不正確的),inability(無能,無力),inaccurate(不準確的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前
impossible(不順能的),impolite(不禮貌的),impudence(厚顏無恥)
4.il-加在以1開頭的詞前
illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,無文化的)illogical(不合邏輯的)
5.ir-加在以r開頭的詞前
irregular(不穩定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解決的)
6.un-加在名詞,形容詞,副詞之前
unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(無疑的)unemployment(失業)
7.non-加在形容詞,名詞前
non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非電的)
8.mis-加在動詞、名詞之前
misunderstand(誤解),misjudge(誤判),misleading(誤導),misfortune(不幸)
9.dis-加地動詞之前
disappear(消失),disarm(解除武裝),disconnect(失去聯系)
10.de-加在名詞,形容詞之前
demobilize(遣散;使…復員) decolor (脫色, 漂白)
11.anti-加在名詞、形容詞之前
anti-Japanese(抗日戰爭),anti-social(厭惡社會的,反社會的),antidite(解毒葯)
12.counter-加在名詞、動詞前
counterattack(反攻,反擊),counteract(抵抗,阻礙)counterrevolution(反革命)
二.表示「前before」的前綴
1.pre-
preconception(成見),pre-exsiting(先於……而存在的),pre-selection(選舉前的) preface(前言)
2.Ante-
anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驅者)
3.Fore-
forehaed(前額),foreground(前景),foreman(工頭,領班),foresee(預見,先見),foretell(預言)
4.Pro-
programme(計劃),prologue(序幕)
5.Ex-
ex-president(前任總統)ex-wife(前妻)
三.表示「後-post」的前綴
1.post-
post-war(戰後),post-position(後置詞),postmeridian(下午)
四.表示「低」、「下」的前綴
1.Hypo-
Hypocrisy(偽善,虛偽),hypothesis(假設),pypocholoride(次氯酸鹽)
2.Infra-
Infra-red(紅外線),infrahuman(低於人類的),infrasonic(亞聲的,次聲的)
3.Sub-
Sub-editou(副編輯),sub-way(地鐵),sub-conscious(下意識的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亞熱帶的),subtitle(副標題)
五.表示「回」、「再次」、「向後」的前綴
1.Re-
Refuel(給…加油),retranslate(再譯),reinforce(加強),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)
2.Retro-
Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顧)
六.表示「共同」、「和」的前綴
1.Co-
co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-ecation(男女同校)
七.表示「相互」、「之間」的前綴
1.Inter-
Interchangeble(可互換的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(國際的),inter-national(交往)
八. 表示「出」、「超出」的前綴
1.Ec-
Eclipse(蝕),ecstasy(狂想)
2.Extra-
Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感覺的)
九.表示「超過」的前綴
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-
hyper-sensitive(過敏的),preterhuman(超人的)
十.其它的前綴
1.auto-自
automatic(自動的),auto-autobilgraphy(自傳)
2.mal-壞,惡
Malnutrition(營養不良),maltreat(虐待)
3.Micro-
Microscope(顯微鏡),microtome(切片機)
4.Tele-遠
Telegram(電報),telephone(電話),telescope(望遠鏡)
5.Demi-,semi-hemi-
Semi-circle(半圓),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)
6.Uni-, mono-(單一, 單獨)
Monotone(單調),monologue(獨白),uniform(制服)
7.Bi-,di-二
Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)
8.Tri-三
Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)
9.Multi-多
multi-colored(顏色多樣的),multi-national(多國的)
10.Poly –多
Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)
11.Arch-首領
archbishop(大主教),architect(建築師)
12.bene-善,好
benefit(利益),benevolence(善意)
13.homo-同
homosexual(同性戀的),homograph(同形異義字)
14.neo新
neo-colonialism(新殖民主義),neolithic(新石器時代的)
15.ortho-正確,直
orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正統)
16.philo-摯愛
philosopher(哲學家)
17.proto-原始
protohydrogen(初氫),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生質)
18.pseudo-假的, 偽的, 冒充的
pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共產主義)
19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)從,自
avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)
20.Apo-,aph-來自
apology(道歉,謝罪),apostle(倡言者,先驅)
21.se-分離
separation(分開),secure(安全的),sedition(煽動叛亂)
22.para-防
parachute(降落傘),
23.omni-所有的,公共的
omnibus(公共汽車),omnipotence(萬能)
24.pan-全,泛
Pan-American(全美的),pancean(萬靈葯),panorama(風景的全貌;萬花筒)
25.panto-全
pantisocracy(烏托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(視野廣大)
26.dia-通過,藉以
diagonal(對角的),diagnosis(診斷),dialogue(對話)
27.Per-通過,徹底,不利
perambrlate(走來走去),perfect極好的
28.trans-通過,橫過
transcript(抄本, 副本; 記錄),translation(翻譯),trxnsparent(透明的),transport(運輸),trans-plant(移植)
29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全
comment(評論),compile(編輯),correlation(相互關系),collect(收集),corruption(貪污腐敗),collaborate(合作,合著)
30.syn-共同
synonym(同義詞),synchronization(同步),syntonic(諧振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)
31.meta-和,在……之後
metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上學)
32.Cis-在這一邊
cisatlantic(大西洋這邊的)
33.pen-幾乎,相近
peninsular(.住在半島上的居民,半島(狀)的, 形成半島的)
34.en-,em-往……里,使……
encamp(扎營),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜愛),embrace(擁抱,抓住(機會))
35.intro內在
intracardiac(心臟內部的),intramolecular(分子內部的),intracelular(細胞內部的)
36.intro-到……中
introce(介紹),introspect(反省,內省)
37.dys-壞
dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)
38.Eu-優,美好
eulogy(頌詞),euphony(悅耳的聲音)
39.ambi-,amphi-兩者
amphibian(兩棲的),ambidextrous(兩只手都很靈巧的;心懷二意的;非常靈巧的)
40.penta-五
pentagon(五角大樓),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步詩句)
41.sex-六
sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)
42. sept-七
September九月(古羅馬的七月),septennial(七年一度)
43.hepta-七
heptab(七個成套之物),heptagon(七角形)
44.octa-,octo,oct八
octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)
45.nona-,ennea-九
nonagon(九角形),ennead(九個一組)
46.deci-,deca-十
decimal(十進位的),decagramme(十克)
47.centi-百
centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)
48.milli-千
millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)
49.Kilo-千
kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)
後綴
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意為:從事某種職業或參與某種活動的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例詞:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor
2.-let意為:小或者不重要的東西(small,unimportant things)例詞:booklet,leaflet,starlet
3.-ette意為:1)小的東西(small)例詞:cigarette 2)假的東西(imitation)例詞:leatherette 3)女性(female)例詞: usherette
4.-ess意為:女性(female)例詞:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress
5.-hood意為:時期(status;etc.)例詞:boyhood,childhood,manhood
6.-ship意為:才能,狀態,資格,品質等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例詞:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
7.-ful意為:量(the amount which noun contains)例詞:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful
8.-tion,-ion意為:1)狀態,行動等(state;action;etc.)例詞:action,oppression,possession,ecation,starva- tion 2)機構等(institution;etc.)例詞: organization,foundation
9.-ment意為:狀態,行動等(state; action;etc.)例詞:movement,enslavement,pavement
10.-al意為:動作(action)例詞:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
11.-age意為:程度,數量等(extent; amount;etc.)例詞:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
12.-ness;-ity(ty)意為:狀態,品質(state;quality;etc.)例詞:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
13.-ism意為:道義,主義,學說等(doctrine of,practice of)例詞:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism
二、動詞後綴
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ify意為:轉為,變為(to turn into,to make or become)例詞:beautify, diversify,simplify
2.-ize;-en意為:使……,變得……(to make or become ;to make into)例詞:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
3.-ate意為:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例詞:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
三、形容詞後綴:
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ful意為:充滿,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例詞:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
2.-less意為:沒有,無(without;not giving)例詞:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless
3.-ly意為:有……品質的(having the qualities of)例詞:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly
4.-like意為:像……的(like)例詞: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like
5.-y;-ish意為:像……一般的(somewhat like)例詞:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish
6.-some意為:像……一樣的;引起……的;有……品質的(like;causing; having the quality of)例詞:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome
7.-able(ible)意為:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例詞: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible
8.-ed意為:有……的(having,etc.)例詞:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped
9.-al意為:有……屬性的,……類型的(nature of,typical of)例詞:cultural,personal,regional,musical
10.-ary(ory)意為:屬於……的,與……相連的(belonging to;connected with)例詞:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory
11.-ous意為:富含……的;有……品質的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例詞:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious
12.-ic(ical)意為:……類的;屬於……的(typical of;belonging to)例詞: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic
13.-ive意為:有……屬性的;有某種傾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例詞:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
四、副詞後綴
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
1.-ly意為:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)
例詞:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely
2.-ward(s)意為:表示方式或動作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例詞:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)
3.-wise意為:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例詞:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as
far as ...is concerned)例詞:weatherwise ,ecationwise
有一個原因的單音節詞,結尾只有一個單音輔音,在加以母音後綴是,要雙寫這個輔音.例詞:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting
8. 英語的前綴和後綴匯總
PREFIX
1.a-:of;on;intensive;negative,not,without;ad-;ab-.
2.ab-:away from,off.
3. ad-:to;at;for.
4. aer(o)- :relating to air .
5.al-:all.
6.ambi-:on both sides,around.
7.amphi-:on both sides,around.
8.an-:negative,not,without.
9.ana-:upon,up,on.
10.ante-:before.
11.anti-:against.
12.arch-:chief,first .
13.astro- :relating to stars .(planets \space )
14.aqu(a)-:relating to water.
15.audi (o)-:relating to sound and hearing .
16.auto-:self,without help .
17.be-:to make;to cover with;upon;by;intensive.
18.bene-:well,good.
19.bi-:double,two.
20.bio- :relating to life and living things .
21.by-:less important ;near .
22.cata-:down,downwoards.
23.cent(i)-:hundred ,hundredth .
24.circum-:around,round about.
25.con-:together with,wholly.
26.contra-:against,opposit.(contro-,counter-)
27.cross-:through;across;many.
28.de-:down,downward;apart;negative;intensive.
29.deca-:ten.
30.deci- :tenth .
31.demi-:half.
32.di-:double,twice.
33.dia-:through,between,across.
34.dich(o)-:two.
35.dis-:apart; negative;intensive.
36.o-:two,double.(-,dou-,do-)
37.dys-:badly,ill.
38.en-:to make;to put in(on \around ).
39.epi-:upon.
40.eu-:well.
41.ever-:more and more,always.
42.ex-:out,outward;beyond;former.
43.extra-:beyond.
44.for-:away from.
45.fore-:before.
46.forth-:towards.
47.geo- :relating to earth .
48.hecto-:hundred.
49.hemi-:half.
50.hetero-:other,different.
51.hexa-:six.
52.homo-:same.
53.hyper-:above,beyond.
54.hypo-:under.
55.hydr(o)-:relating to water or hydrogen.
56.in-:into;negative,not,without.
57. infr(a)-:under,after.
58. inter-:between,among.(enter-,intel-)
59. intr-:within,inward.
60. iso-:equal,same.
61. kilo-:thousand.
62. macro-:large,long.
63. mal(e)-:badly,ill.
64.matr(i)-:relating to woman.
65. mega-:large,strong,million.
66. meta-:above;behind;of change.
67. micro-:small.
68.mid- :middle .
69. milli-:thousand,thousandth.
70.mini-:small.
71. mis-:wrong(ly),bad(ly),ill.
72.mono-:single,sole,alone.
73.mult(i)-:many,much.
74.ne-:negative,not,without.
75.neo-:new.
76.non-:not.
77.ob-:against;towards;intensive.
78.octa-:eight,eighth.(octo-)
79.omni-:all.
80.out-:out,outward;beyond.〔超越、勝過〕
81.over-:above;beyond;upside-down.〔過度,顛倒〕
82.paleo-:ancient.
83.pan(to)-:all.
84.para-: like;beside;beyond; against(抗、防)
85.pen-:almost.
86.penta-:five.
87.per-:through,thoroughly,away.
88.peri-:around,round about.
89.photo- :relating to light .
90.poly-:many.
91.post-:after,behind.
92.pre-:before.
93.pro-:in favor of ;in public;in place of;before,
forward.
94.prot(o)-:chief,first.
95.pseudo-:false.
96.psycho- :relating to the mind .
97.quadr(i)-:four.
98.qat(e)r-:four.
99.quasi-:like;partly.〔類似的、部分的、準的〕
100.quint-:five.(quinque-)
101.re-:again,back.
102.retr(o)-:backward.[向後、追溯、歸還]
103.se-:apart,away.
104.semi-:half;partly.
105.sept-:seven.
106.sex-:six.
107.step-:orphaned.〔後、繼〕
108.sub-:under.[分、支,次、亞]
109.super-:above,over.(sove-,sop-,sur-)
110.syn-:together,with,same.
112.tele-:far away.
113.tetra-:four.
114.trans-:across;change.(tra-,tran-,tres-)
115.tri-:three,threefold.
116.twi-:two.
117.ultra-:beyond.
118.un-:not;the reversal of an action〔相反的動作〕。
119.under-:under,beneath.
120.un(i)-:one.〔統一〕
121.up-:up,aloft.
122.vice-:in place of.〔代替、代理、副的〕
123.with-:against,backward.
SUFFIX
1.-aholic:┅┅對上癮的人;┅┅狂。(-oholic)
2.-eer:┅┅專家,從事┅┅職業的人
3. -esque:風格,式樣。
4. -ette: small小。
5. -fold:times倍,重。
6.-like:像的,相同的。
7.-logy :the science or study of
8.-let:small小
9.-most: most 最
10.-mania:┅┅癖,┅┅欲。
11.-phile:愛好……的人,……愛好者。
12.-philia:愛好,崇拜
13.-phobia :恐懼,憎惡
14.-ship : ①處於……狀態
②技巧,技藝
15.-some: ①造成……的,產生……的
②一雙,一對
16.-ster :從事……的人,……類型的人
17.-wise \-ways: ①以……方式,向……方向
②關於
9. 請高手指教英語中得各種前綴\後綴的意義和用法,不勝感激!(最近忙著准備四級考試,單詞基本就認識,累啊!)
這個問題太··· 不過 我現在也閑著 就回答一下吧
常用前綴:
aero- 空氣 天空 太空
anti-反對 防止
auto-自己
be-使 視為
bi-二 兩次
bio-生物的 生命的
by- bye- 次要的 附帶的
centi-百
co- col- com- con- cor- 共同 一起 聯合
contra- counter-反對 相反
de-否定 除去 低下
dis-否定 相對
em- en- 變成 變得 使
ex-以前的
extra-在··之外 越出 超出
fore-預先 前 前部
il- im- in- ir- 不 非 無
intra- 在下 超過
kilo-千
macro-大的 大規模的
mal-壞
micro-微 微小
mid-在中間
mini-小的 短的
mis-壞 錯
mono-單 一
multi-多
non-不 非 無
out-在外 勝過
over-過度 過多 在上 額外
poly-多
post-後
pre-前 先
pro-親 支持
pseudo-假 偽
re-再 又 重新
self-自己 自我
semi-半 部分
step-後 繼
sub-下 次 低於
super-上 超
tele-遠的 電視的
therm(o)-熱的
trans-橫過 超越 進入另一邊 中間
tri-三倍 三
ultra-超過 極端 過分
un-不 非 無
under-不足 下
uni-單 一
vice-副 低於
常用後綴
名詞後綴
-ability,-ibility , ability flexibility
-age , postage shortage
-al , arrival refusal
-an -ian -arian ,librarian
-ance -ence,appearance reference
-ancy -ency,emergency
-ant -ent ,applicant
-cy , accuracy
-dom , freedom
-ee , employee
-er -or -ar , painter
-ery , slavery
-ese chinese
-ess actress
-ful handfull
-hood childhood
-ics
-ion -ition -ation
-ism
-ist
-ity -ty
-ment
-ness
-ology
-ship
-sion -ssion
-th
-ure
-en
-ify
-ize -ise
形容詞後綴
-able -ible
-al
-an -arian -ian
-ant -ent
-ary -ory
-ate
-en
-ese
-free
-ful
-ic -ical
-ish
-ive
-less
-like
-ly
-ous -ious
-some
-ward
-y
副詞後綴
-ly
-ward -wards
-wise
要上課了 後面就寫得比較簡略··· 你自己可以查查咯 這樣印象更深刻